The Hacked World Order: How Nations Fight, Trade, Maneuver, And Manipulate In The Digital Age

Description

For more than three hundred years, the world wrestled with conflicts that arose between nation-states. Nation-states wielded military force, financial pressure, and diplomatic persuasion to create “world order.” Even after the end of the Cold War, the elements comprising world order remained essentially unchanged. But 2012 marked a transformation in geopolitics and the tactics of both the established powers and smaller entities looking to challenge the international community. That year, the US government revealed its involvement in Operation “Olympic Games,” a mission aimed at disrupting the Iranian nuclear program through cyberattacks; Russia and China conducted massive cyber-espionage operations; and the world split over the governance of the Internet. Cyberspace became a battlefield. Cyber conflict is hard to track, often delivered by proxies, and has outcomes that are hard to gauge. It demands that the rules of engagement be completely reworked and all the old niceties of diplomacy be recast. Many of the critical resources of statecraft are now in the hands of the private sector, giant technology companies in particular. In this new world order, cybersecurity expert Adam Segal reveals, power has been well and truly hacked. CONTENTS......Page 10 Chapter 1 THE HACKED WORLD ORDER......Page 12 Chapter 2 THE ANATOMY OF CYBER POWER......Page 38 Chapter 3 GUARDIANS OF PEACE, LITTLE GREEN MEN, AND THE ELECTRONIC ARMIES OF THE FUTURE......Page 62 Chapter 4 BREAKING THINGS AND THE SEARCH FOR ORDER......Page 90 Chapter 5 EVERYBODY SPIES......Page 122 Chapter 6 THE BATTLE OVER DATA......Page 154 Chapter 7 LET SLIP THE TWITTER FOLLOWERS OF WAR......Page 186 Chapter 8 GEOPOLITICS STRIKES BACK......Page 212 Chapter 9 AFTER PAX DIGITAL AMERICANA......Page 236 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS......Page 258 NOTES......Page 262 INDEX......Page 304