Sports Mega-Events in Asia

Description

This book is the first comprehensive collection focusing on the hosting of sports mega-events within Asia and their impact on the politics, economics, and culture that shape, and are shaped by, the local idiosyncrasies of host cities and countries across this most culturally diverse continent. From the Olympic Games and single sport World Cups, to the Asian Games and their sub-regional variations, an increasing number of Asian countries have rapidly developed their capacity to host and mobilize large-scale sports events as a cornerstone of their economic growth, national identity formation, and international prestige. This book sets out to fill a gap in the literature and will be of particular relevance to those who are interested in globalization, sports studies, political economy, cultural studies, event management and policy, sociology, media studies, and Asian studies Acknowledgments Contents Notes on Contributors List of Figures List of Tables 1 Introduction—Sports Mega-Events in Asia: Past, Present and Future Introduction East Asia and Sports Mega-Events West Asia and Sports Mega-Events Exploring and Explaining Sports Mega-Events: The State of Play Contents—Sports Mega-Events in Asia Futures—Sports Mega-Events and Sports Mega-Event Research in Asia Notes References Part I The Olympic Games 2 How China’s Two Olympic Games Changed China and the Olympics Introduction Researching Olympic Games Through Ethnographic Fieldwork and Interviews The End of the Cold War The NGO Swarm in 2008 The Boycott of the Opening Ceremony in 2008 Increased Utilization of Communications in the Olympic Games The IOC’s Response to the Human Rights Controversies Social Responsibility Revision of the Bid Process Diplomatic Boycott in 2022 China’s Recruitment of Foreign-Born Athletes to Represent China at the 2022 Winter Olympics Did the Olympics Change China, or Did China Change the Olympics? References 3 Environment Eclipsed: Tokyo 2020 Sustainability Initiatives and the Pandemic Postponement Introduction Japan, the Olympic Games, and Environmental Sustainability The First Tokyo Olympics Japan’s Winter Olympics: Sapporo 1972 and Nagano 1998 The Tokyo 2020 Olympics, Sustainability, and Early Dissent Olympics Postponed and Focus Diverted Environment Eclipsed and the Future of Sports Mega-Events Notes References 4 Networking Voices of Dissent: Korea-Japan Civic Alliance and Transnational Solidarity for Anti-Olympic Movement Introduction Regional Movement-Building in Korea and Japan Transnational Movement-Building with Brazil, Japan, Korea Transnational Networking Organizational Exchange Cross-Sectoral Sharing of Knowledge and Experience Anti-Olympic Activism in Asia: Transnational Alliance and Affective Solidarity Concluding Remarks Notes References 5 From the Winter Olympic Games in PyeongChang to the Summer Asian Games in Jakarta-Palembang: Inter-Korean Connections in 2018 at Sport Mega-Events in Asia Introduction Theoretical Backdrop Nationalism International Relations PyeongChang 2018 Jakarta-Palembang 2018 Discussion Conclusion References Part II The Asian Games 6 Better, Bigger, Bitter—The Rise of the Asian Games in a Toxic Political Environment Introduction The Origins of Continental Multi-Sport Events in Asia The First Asian Games Editions: Balancing the Pan-Asiatic Vision with National Interests The Seventh Asian Games’ Lasting Impact A New Organization Marks the Beginning of a New Era Expansion and Current Issues Conclusion References 7 Policy of Nostalgia: The 2018 Indonesian Asian Games’ “Spirit of 1962” Introduction Policy of Nostalgia Indonesian History and Urbanism Jakarta as Center of National Urbanity Indonesia’s Asian Games and the “Spirit of 1962” Nationalist Nostalgia Urban Nostalgia Organized Forgetting Conclusion Notes References 8 Politics of the Asian Games and the East Asian Games in China Introduction Beijing and the 1990 Asian Games Shanghai and the 1993 East Asian Games Guangzhou and the 2010 Asian Games Tianjin and the 2013 East Asian Games Hangzhou and the 2022 Asian Games Conclusion Notes References Part III World Cups and Other Sports Mega-Events 9 FIFA 2022 World Cup in Qatar: Under the Gaze of Western Media Introduction Orientalism/Neo-Orientalism: ‘Sport’ as a Phenomenon Neo-Orientalism and Islamophobic Media Discourse Sport Media and Orientalism/Neo-Orientalism Western Sport Media and Neo-Orientalism: FIFA 2022 World Cup in Qatar FIFA World Cup in Qatar, Human Rights, and Corruption Scorching Heat and the Timeline of the FIFA World Cup 2022 FIFA World Cup Qatar’s Sports Washing/Soft Power Motivation and Geo-Political Disputes Why the FIFA 2022 World Cup in Qatar Is Important for The Muslim and Arab World A Final Thought References 10 Sport Mega-Events and the Contested Terrain of Space, Bodies and Commodities: The Politics and Complexities of 2019 Rugby World Cup Introduction Sport Mega-Events as Strategic Sites of Analysis The 2019 RWC as a Contested Terrain Space/Territory Bodies Commodities Conclusion References 11 The Local Politics of Rugby World Cup 2019 Through the Disaster Recovery Process in Kamaishi, Japan Introduction Kamaishi City, Iwate Prefecture Process Related to Hosting the Rugby World Cup 2019 Kamaishi Matches Creation of the Initiative to Host the RWC Deliberation of the Initiative to Host the RWC How the Intentions of the Local Government and the Residents Aligned Rugby World Cup 2019 Kamaishi Matches and After-Effects Rugby World Cup 2019 in the Context of Disaster Reconstruction Expectations of Kamaishi Matches of Parties Concerned Negotiations Related to the Kamaishi Matches The Consequences of the Kamaishi Matches Conclusion Notes References 12 Political Ideologies, the ‘Two Chinas’ Issue and Mega-Events in Taiwan Introduction State, Parties and Political Ideologies The Political Backdrop to Taiwan’s Successful Bid for the 2017 Universiade Key Factors for Taipei’s Successful 2017 Bid Support and Pledges from the National Leadership Taiwan’s Diplomatic Truce and Beijing’s Acquiescence Full Support for Taiwanese Candidacy and Re-Election at FISU Exec Com The Impact of Hosting the 2017 Universiade on Taiwan A Solid Foundation for Taiwan’s Medal Quest at Tokyo 2020 Controversies Surrounding the Olympic Protocol Rising Nationalism EAYG in taichung—From Successful Bid to Forced Cancellation Factors Contributing to Taichung’s Successful Bid Hiring a Professional Bidding Team Support from National/Municipal Leaders and a Gift Before the KMT-CPP Talks Forced Cancellation of the 2019 EAYG: Why and How It Happened Confrontation Due to Dissatisfaction on Both Side with the Olympic Model Close Association Between the DPP and the Rectification Referendum Conclusions Notes References Index