SFPE Guide to Human Behavior in Fire

Description

This single resource for the fire safety community distills the most relevant and useful science and research into a consensus-based guide whose key factors and considerations impact the response and behavior of occupants of a building during a fire event. The Second Edition of SFPE's Engineering Guide: Human Behavior in Fire provides a common introduction to this field for the broad fire safety community: fire protection engineers/fire safety engineers, human behavior scientists/researchers, design professionals, and code authorities. The public benefits from consistent understanding of the factors that influence the responses and behaviors of people when threatened by fire and the application of reliable methodologies to evaluate and estimate human response in buildings and structures. This Guide also aims to lessen the uncertainties in the "people components" of fire safety and allow for more refined analysis with less reliance on arbitrary safety factors. As with fire science in general, our knowledge of human behavior in fire is growing, but is still characterized by uncertainties that are traceable to both limitation in the science and unfamiliarity by the user communities. The concepts for development of evacuation scenarios for performance-based designs and the technical methods to estimate evacuation response are reviewed with consideration to the limitation and uncertainty of the methods. This Guide identifies both quantitative and qualitative information that constitutes important consideration prior to developing safety factors, exercising engineering judgment, and using evacuation models in the practical design of buildings and evacuation procedures. Besides updating material in the First Edition, this revision includes new information on:Incapacitating Effects of Fire Effluent & Toxicity Analysis MethodsOccupant Behavior ScneariosMovement Models and Behavioral ModelsEgress Model Selection, Verification, and ValidationEstimation of Uncertainty and Use of Safety FactorsEnhancing Human Response to Emergencies & Notification of MessagingThe prediction of human behavior during a fire emergency is one of the most challenging areas of fire protection engineering. Yet, understanding and considering human factors is essential to designing effective evacuation systems, ensuring safety during a fire and related emergency events, and accurately reconstructing a fire. Front Matter ....Pages i-xiv Introduction (Society of Fire Protection Engineers)....Pages 1-2 Integrating Human Behavior Factors into Design (Society of Fire Protection Engineers)....Pages 3-11 Front Matter ....Pages 13-13 Population Characteristics (Society of Fire Protection Engineers)....Pages 15-19 Occupant Behavior Concepts: Cues, Decisions and Actions (Society of Fire Protection Engineers)....Pages 21-39 Effects of Fire Effluent (Society of Fire Protection Engineers)....Pages 41-47 Front Matter ....Pages 49-49 Development and Selection of Occupant Behavioral Scenarios (Society of Fire Protection Engineers)....Pages 51-56 Calculation of Effects of Fire Effluent (Society of Fire Protection Engineers)....Pages 57-72 Physical Movement Concepts (Society of Fire Protection Engineers)....Pages 73-83 Egress Model Selection (Society of Fire Protection Engineers)....Pages 85-95 Egress Model Testing (Society of Fire Protection Engineers)....Pages 97-113 Estimation of Uncertainty and Safety Factors (Society of Fire Protection Engineers)....Pages 115-120 Front Matter ....Pages 121-121 Enhancing Human Response to Emergency Notification and Messaging (Society of Fire Protection Engineers)....Pages 123-130 Managing the Movement of Building Occupants (Society of Fire Protection Engineers)....Pages 131-147 Back Matter ....Pages 149-159