Empire and the Social Sciences : Global Histories of Knowledge

Description

This thought-provoking and original collection looks at how intellectuals and their disciplines have been shaped, halted and advanced by the rise and fall of empires. It illuminates how ideas did not just reflect but also moulded global order and disorder by informing public policies and discourse. Ranging from early modern European empires to debates about recent American hegemony, Empire and the Social Sciences shows that world history cannot be separated from the empires that made it, and reveals the many ways in which social scientists constructed empires as we know them. Taking a truly global approach from China and Japan to modern America, the contributors collectively tackle a long durée of the modern world from the Enlightenment to the present day. Linking together specific moments of world history it also puts global history at the centre of a debate about globalization of the social sciences. It thus crosses and integrates several disciplines and offers graduate students, scholars and faculty an approach that intersects fields, crosses regions and maps a history of global social sciences. Title Page Copyright Page Contents Acknowledgements List of contributors Introduction: Social Science and Empire – A Durable Tension Notes Chapter 1: A New System of Imperial Government: Political Economy and the Spanish Theory of Commercial Empire, ca. 1740–50 Conclusion Notes Chapter 2: Poor Mao’s Almanack? Empire, Political Economy and the Transformation of Social Science Notes Chapter 3: Utilitarianism and the Question of Free Labour in Russia and India, Eighteenth–Nineteenth Centuries Periphery and Freedom: The Invention of the Panopticon in Russia Identifying ‘free’ labour Utilitarianism in India Conclusion Notes Chapter 4: Geography and the Reshaping of the Modern Chinese Empire Conclusion Notes Chapter 5: The Periphery’s Order: Opium and Moral Wreckage in British Burma Opium and Empire Morally wrecked: From periphery to Empire Conclusion Notes Chapter 6: Custom in the Archive: The Birth of Modern Chinese Law at the End of Empire Custom as keystone: Law, ethnography and empire Customary law/modern law ‘Grand Shen’ and the making of modern law Assessing custom as imperial classification Notes Chapter 7: Nitobe Inazo and the Diffusion of a Knowledgeable Empire Notes Chapter 8: Modern Imperialism and International Law: Carl Schmitt and Ernst Rudolf Huber on the ‘International Legal Order of Great Spaces’ The Rhineland and modern imperialism Global arbitration and modern imperialism Imperialism as universalism Ernst Rudolf Huber on imperialism, great spaces and international law Notes Chapter 9: Knowledge as Power: Internationalism, Information and Us Global Ambitions Notes Chapter 10: Knowledge for Empire: American Hegemony, The Rockefeller Foundation and the Rise of Academic International Relations in the United States Why did the Rockefeller Foundation arrange the 1954 Conference? Yale Institute of International Studies The 1954 Conferees’ biographies The 1954 Conference Conclusion Notes Chapter 11: Circumventing Imperialism: The Global Economy in Latin American Social Sciences Centre-Periphery and the American global order Crisis of development and dependency Conclusion Notes Chapter 12: Western International Theory, 1492–2010: Performing Western Supremacy and Western Imperialism Inventing and colonizing America through the construction of imperialist international theory, 1492–ca.1900 The bifurcation of Western-centric international theory, ca. 1889–1945 1898–1945 – The ‘Hobson-Wilson Moment’: Maintaining and defending Western supremacy through ‘sane imperialism’ The Western colonial-racist guilt syndrome and the rise of ‘Subliminal’ imperialist Eurocentrism, 1945–1989 Post-1989 international theory: Back to the future Notes Epilogue: Empire and the Global Knowledge Regime Notes Index