Aquatic chemistry concepts

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Content: Cover Half Title Title Page Copyright Page Dedication Table of Contents Part I Introduction Chapter 1 Overview 1.1 General Importance of Aquatic Chemistry 1.2 Important Types of Chemical Reactions in Na2Btural Waters 1.3 Concentration Scales 1.4 Activity and Activity Coefficients 1.5 Different Approaches May Be Used in Predicting Aqueous Chemistry Speciation 1.5.1 Thermodynamic Equilibrium Approach 1.5.2 Kinetic Models 1.6 References Chapter 2 Thermodynamic Principles 2.1 Free Energy and Chemical Change 2.1.1 Constant Pressure/Temperature Systems 2.5 Effects of Temperature and Pressure on Equilibrium Constants2.6 Combining Equilibrium Expressions 2.7 Infinite Dilution, Constant Concentration, and "Mixed" Equilibrium Constants 2.7.1 Infinite Dilution Constants 2.7.2 Constant Ionic Medium Constants 2.7.3 Mixed Constants 2.8 Activity Coefficient Equations 2.8.1 Activity Coefficient Equations for Single Ions 2.8.2 Activity Coefficient Equations for Neutral Species 2.9 References Part II Acid/Base Chemistry Chapter 3 [H+] As an Important and Meaningful Thermodynamic Variable in Aquatic Chemistry 3.1 General Importance of H+ in Na2Btural Waters3.2 Question: Should We Refer to the Proton As H+ or As H30+ in Aqueous Solutions? 3.3 "Dissociated" Protons Exist as a Series of Species, That Is, H+, H30+, H5 O+2, Etc. in Aqueous Solution 3.4 References Chapter 4 The Proton Balance, Electroneutrality, and Mass Balance Equations 4.1 The Proton Balance Equation (PBE) 4.1.1 PBE for Pure Water 4.1.2 PBE for a Solution of HA 4.1.3 PBE for a Solution of Na2BA 4.1.4 PBE for a Solution of H2B 4.1.5 PBE for a Solution of Na2BHB 4.1.6 PBE for a Solution of Na2B2B 4.1.7 Generalized Task Analysis for Writing the PBE for a Solution of Interest4.1.8 Writing a PBE for a Mixture 4.2 The Electroneutrality Equation (ENE) 4.3 The Mass Balance Equation (MBE) 4.4 The PBE, ENE, and MBE(s): Are They All Linearly Independent? 4.5 References Chapter 5 Introduction to Quantitative Equilibrium Calculations 5.1 Introduction 5.2 General Equations for Solving for the Speciation of a Solution of the Acid HA-No Activity Corrections 5.2.1 Solving for the Speciation of a Solution of the Acid HA-No Activity Corrections, No Simplifying Assumptions