History BA (Hons) Semester II : Course Pack , University of Delhi

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Cover Contents Preface Part I: Ancient India II Chapter 1: Economy and Society (circa 300 BCE–CE 300) Expansion of Agrarian Economy: Production Relations Agriculture and Irrigation Production Relations: Ownership Rights Urban Growth: North India, Central India, and the Deccan; Craft Production: Trade and Trade Routes; Coinage Indo-Roman Trade Impact on Indian Society Coins of Foreign Polities Coins of Gana-sanghas Coins of Indigenous Monarchies Coins of Cities or Guilds Roman Coins Important Urban Centres and Trade Routes Important Ports and Trade Routes Short Notes Social Stratification: Class, Varna, Jati, Untouchability; Gender; Marriage and Property Relations Dharmashastric View on the Origin of Castes (Jatis) Untouchablility Eight Forms of Marriages Short Notes Chapter 2: Changing Political Formations (circa 300 BCE–CE 300) The Mauryan Empire Towns and Trade Literary Works Material Remains Sources Dealing with Mauryan Origin Nature of the Mauryan State The Administration The Central Administration The Provincial Administration The Local Administration Revenue Administration Ashoka and Buddhism Ashoka’s Dhamma: The Nature and Important Features The Decline of Mauryas Architecture Dhamma Post-Mauryan Polities with Special Reference to the Kushanas and the Satavahanas; Gana-Sanghas Political and Administrative System The Significance of the Kushana Rule in Ancient India Short Notes Chapter 3: Towards Early Medieval India (circa CE 400–750) Agrarian Expansion: Land Grants, Changing Production Relations; Graded Land Rights and Peasantry The Problem of Urban Decline: Pattern of Trade, Currency, and Urban Settlements Decline of Trade and Commerce Paucity of Coins Urban Contraction Agrarian Expansion Some Criticisms Overseas Trade The Guilds Trade and Crafts Urban Centres and Markets The Guilds and Merchants Overseas Trade Varna, Proliferation of Jatis; Changing Norms of Marriage and Property; Woman in Non-Shastric Literature Proliferation of Jatis Purity and Impurity Concept Brahmanization and Peasantisation of Tribes Emergence of Occupation Based Castes Women and Caste Marriage Forms Women Participation in Rituals Women in Non-shastric Literature Short Notes The Nature of Polities: The Gupta Empire and its Contemporaries: Post-Gupta Polities—Pallavas, Chalukyas, and Vardhanas Discuss the administrative system of the Guptas as reflected in their sources. The Central Administration Council of Ministers and Other Officials Army Other Administrative Officials Provincial Administration Local Administration Revenue Administration Short Notes Chapter 4: Religion, Philosophy, and Society (circa 300 BCE–CE 750) Consolidation of the Brahmanical Tradition: Dharma, Varnashram-Dharma, Purusharathas, and Samskaras Short Notes Theistic Cults (from Circa Second Century BCE); Mahayana Buddhism and the Puranic Tradition The Beginnings of Tantricism Short Notes Chapter 5: Cultural Developments (circa 300 BCE–CE 750) A Brief Survey of Sanskrit, Pali-Prakrit, and Tamil Literature, Scientific, and Technical Treastises Literature Scientific Developments and the Related Texts Art and Architecture—Forms and Patronage; Mauryan, Post-Mauryan, Gupta, Post-Gupta Architecture Sculpture Mathura School of Art Gandhara School of Art Architecture Art Short Notes Part II: Social Formations and Cultural Patterns of the Ancient and Medieval World Chapter 6: Roman Republic, Principate, and Empire Types of Slaves Law Manumission Revenue Reforms Local Self-Government Architectural Marvels Chapter 7: Religion and Culture in Ancient Rome Roman Literary Achievements The Age of Cicero The Augustan Age Art Architecture Chapter 8: Crises of the Roman Empire Social Causes Political Causes Economic Causes Chapter 9: Economic Developments in Europe from the 7th to the 14th Centuries The Germanic Invasions France England Germany Italy Feudal Mode of Production Vassal Homage Feudal Hierarchy Manor Serfdom Other Taxes (Banalities, Taille, and Tithe) Population Growth Technological Changes Expansion of Agriculture Towns and Trade in High Middle Ages The Italian City-State Reasons of the Peasant Rebellions The Peasant Rebellions Arab Contribution Chinese Contribution Chapter 10: Religion and Culturein Medieval Europe Church and Germanic Kingdoms The Papal Monarchy Revival of Monasticism Church and Monasticism The Impact of Church and Papacy Chapter 11: Societies in Central Islamic Lands The Tribal Background, Ummah, Caliphal State; Riseof Sultanates The Orthodox Caliphate (632–661 CE) The Umayyad Caliphate (661–750 CE) The Abbasid Caliphate (750–1258 CE) Pre-Islamic Period Emergence of Islam Spread of Islam Short Notes Religious Developments: The Origins of Shariah, Mihna, Sufism Short Notes Urbanization and Trade Bibliography