Nanopowders of Metal Oxides and Fluorides: Preparation, Properties, and Applications

Description

One of the directions of nanotechnology is the production of nanopowders (NPs). Nanopowders, according to the currently widely used classification of nanomaterials, belong to zero-dimensional systems in which the limitation of wave functions occurs in all three directions. Biological methods are considered the most environmentally friendly way to synthesize NPs, but the possibility of biological contamination with mutated microorganisms cannot be ruled out. This book presents a new method for producing simple and complex metal oxide and fluoride NPs, based on the “evaporation-condensation” process using pulsed electron beam evaporation. It presents the results of more than 10 years of study of the characteristics of NPs produced using the aforementioned method. This eco-friendly method ensures the production of clean NPs, which are mesoporous and suitable for use in various applications such as medicine, spintronics, optoelectronics, dosimeters, photocatalysis, semiconductors, and ultraviolet and blue lasers. Importantly, these NPs have the potential to be used as a drug delivery system and in the creation of new nanostructures that do not contain noble metals. The book will be useful for the researchers in macromolecular science, nanotechnology, chemistry, biology, and medicine, especially those with an interest in drug delivery or cancer therapy. Cover Half Title Title Page Copyright Page Table of Contents Preface List of Abbreviations Chapter 1: Nanopowders: Production, Diagnosis, and Exposure Methods 1.1: Overview of NP Production Methods 1.2: EEW Method of NPs Production 1.3: Laser Method of NPs Production 1.4: Production of NPs in Discharge 1.5: Plasmochemical Method 1.6: Producing NPs by Electron Beam and Analyzing the Advantages and Disadvantages of the Method 1.7: Powder Diagnostic Methods 1.8: NP Exposure Methods Chapter 2: Preparation of Nanopowders by PEBE Method 2.1: Substantiation of Electron Source Parameter Selection 2.2: Refinement of Experimental Installation Parameters 2.3: General Plan and Operating Principle of the Installation NANOBEAM-1 2.4: General Diagram and Operating Principle of the Installation NANOBEAM-2 Chapter 3: Thermal and Gas Dynamic Calculations Related to NP Production by PEB Target Evaporation Methods and Laser Beams 3.1: Comparison of Parameters of NANOBEAM Installations with Pulsed Laser Evaporation 3.2: Thermal Mode of Irradiated Target 3.3: Heat Transfer of Nanoparticles in Rarefied Gas 3.4: Particle Braking with Ambient Gas 3.5: Conclusions from Calculations Chapter 4: Preparation of Nanopowders Based on ZrO2 4.1: Production of YSZ NP in Vacuum 4.2: Determination of Influence of NP Additive on Structure and Mechanical Properties of Synthesized Composite Ceramics Chapter 5: Production and Studies of Properties of Nanopowders Based on Cerium 5.1: Production of NPs СeO2 and СeO2-(С, Fe, Cu) in Vacuum 5.2: Preparation of CeO2-Gd2O3 NPs in Vacuum 5.3: Production and Studies of Properties of Cerium (III) Fluoride 5.4: Studies of Luminescence, Optical and Biological Properties of Cerium Oxide NPs 5.5: Physicochemical Characterization and Antioxidant Properties of Cerium Oxide NPs 5.6: Application of Cerium Oxide NPs as Modifiers in Radiation Therapy Chapter 6: Production and Investigation of the Properties of Nanopowders Based on Complex Oxides of Rare-Earth Elements 6.1: Preparation and Investigation of NP Properties Based on REM Tantalates 6.2: RCA Based on Bulk- and Nanosized La1-xGdxTaO4 and Gd2O3 Chapter 7: Production of Nanopowders Based on Alumina 7.1: Properties of Al (Cu) Doped Alumina NPs 7.2: Structural and Magnetic–Luminescent Properties of Carbon-Doped Alumina NPs 7.3: Effect of Iron Doping on the Properties of NPs and Coatings on the Basis of Alumina Chapter 8: Production of Nanopowders Based on Zinc 8.1: Production of ZnO and Zn-ZnO NPs 8.2: Investigation of Structural, Magnetic and Luminescent Properties of Weakly Doped ZnO-Cu NPs 8.3: Influence of Fe-Doping on the Structural and Magnetic Properties of ZnO NPs, Produced by the Method of Pulsed Electron Beam Evaporation 8.4: Comparison of Magnetic Properties of NPs of Carbon-Doped and Pure ZnO 8.5: Radioluminescence, Thermoluminescence and Dosimetric Properties of ZnO Ceramics Chapter 9: Nanopowders Based on Silicon Oxide: Production and Properties 9.1: Properties of Silica Amorphous NPs 9.2: Properties of Manganese-Doped Mesoporous Silica NPs 9.3: Managing the Textural Properties of Mesoporous SiO2 and SiO2-Mn NPs Chapter 10: Production of Gd2O3 and SiO2-Gd2O3 Nanopowders 10.1: Properties of Pure Gd2O3 NPs 10.2: Properties of SiO2-Gd2O3 NPs 10.3: Gd2O3, SiO2-Gd2O3 and SiO2-MnO2 NPts as Potential MRI Contrast Agents Chapter 11: Phase Transformation in Vacuum and Basic Physicochemical Properties of Heterophasic Amorphocrystalline Bi2O3 Nanopowders Chapter 12: Production of BaF2 Nanopowders and Their Properties 12.1: Study of d0 Magnetism of BaF2 NP after Thermal and Radiation Effects 12.2: Properties of Compacts of Barium Fluoride NP Chapter 13: Production of CaF2 Nanopowders and Their Properties 13.1: Effect of Annealing on Structural, Textural, Thermal, Magnetic and Luminescence Properties of Calcium Fluoride NPs 13.2: Physical Properties of Calcium Fluoride NP after Irradiaion by Relativistic Electrons Chapter 14: Effect of Physical Impacts on Nanopowders 14.1: Effect of Electron Beam Irradiation on the Properties of Various Oxide Metal NPs 14.2: The Effect of Permanent Magnetic Field on Photoluminescence of NP Oxides Produced by Pulsed Electron Beam Evaporation Conclusion Index