Dysimmune Neuropathies

Description

Dysimmune Neuropathies provides readers with detailed, basic information that will enable users to recognize and differentiate each neuropathy to adequately guide an investigation and create a treatment plan. An overview of recent progress, avenues for future research, and the desired benefits are also covered. The book highlights the many developments in the field that have occurred in terms of pathophysiological mechanisms, particularly immunological, that have direct implications on treatment strategies. This book is a great reference for trainees, clinicians and researchers specializing in neurology, neuromuscular diseases and neurophysiology. Encompasses all dysimmune neuropathiesDescribes clinical features, epidemiology, pathophysiology and immunologyProvides differential diagnosisIdentifies new investigation techniques Cover Dysimmune Neuropathies Copyright Dedication Contributors 1 Dysimmune neuropathies Introduction 2 Guillain-Barré syndrome Introduction Diversity of GBS Epidemiology and geographical differences Preceding infections Immunopathology Diagnosis Clinical criteria Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Nerve conduction studies (NCS): AIDP and AMAN Imaging Differential diagnosis Mfs Prognosis of GBS Treatment Optimal medical care Medical treatment Treatment dilemmas in GBS Novel treatments Chronic problems Pain Fatigue Quality of life Conclusion and further perspectives References 3 Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy Introduction Epidemiology Diagnosis Clinical features Classic CIDP Variants of CIDP Electrophysiology Cerebrospinal fluid studies Imaging Routine blood investigations Nerve pathology CIDP mimics Gbs Demyelinating Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease IgM neuropathy (with anti-MAG antibodies) Amyloid neuropathy Poems Canomad Pathophysiology Associations of CIDP with other diseases Diabetes Monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance (MGUS) Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) Other autoimmune disorders Malignancy Infection Drug-induced CIDP CIDP with antibodies to nodal and paranodal proteins Treatment of CIDP Outcome measures for CIDP Conclusion References 4 Multifocal motor neuropathy Introduction Epidemiology Clinical features Electrophysiologic features Supportive criteria and diagnostic categories Other features Differential diagnosis Pathophysiology Conduction block leads to motor weakness in MMN The role of antiganglioside antibodies Monitoring of patients with multifocal motor neuropathy Treatment Intravenous immunoglobulin Subcutaneous immunoglobulin Other immunomodulatory treatments Cyclophosphamide Mycophenolate mofetil Eculizumab Conclusion Acknowledgments Financial support and sponsorship Conflict of interest References 5 Monoclonal gammopathy associated neuropathy: Focusing on IgM M-protein associated neuropathy Introduction Background M-proteins M-proteins and neuropathy Epidemiology Etiology Life style/environmental exposure Genetics Malignant transformation Pathophysiology IgM anti-MAG antibodies IgM antiganglioside antibodies Clinical spectrum Diagnostics M-protein detection Diagnostics of antibodies Nerve conduction studies Hematological evaluation Therapy Treatment Outcome measures References 6 POEMS syndrome Introduction Pathological background Clinical picture Hematologic involvement Polyneuropathy Organomegaly Endocrinopathy Monoclonal plasmaproliferative disorder Skin changes Papilledema Extravascular volume overload Respiratory manifestations Thrombosis Renal findings Pachymeningeal involvement Diagnosis Therapy Role of autologous stem cell transplantation Therapy response Risk factors and prognosis References 7 Peripheral nervous system involvement in vasculitis Introduction History and classification of vasculitides Diagnostic criteria of vasculitis Vasculitic peripheral neuropathies: Clinical and electrophysiological features Vasculitic peripheral neuropathies: Pathological features Main characteristics of the various forms of vasculitic peripheral neuropathy Peripheral nervous system involvement induced by a primary systemic vasculitis Predominantly small-vessel vasculitis Microscopic polyangiitis Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis Granulomatosis with polyangiitis Essential mixed cryoglobulinemia (non-HCV) Henoch-Schönlein purpura Leukocytoclastic vasculitis Predominantly medium vessel vasculitis Polyarteritis nodosa Predominantly large-vessel vasculitis Giant cell arteritis Peripheral nervous system involvement induced by a secondary systemic vasculitis Connective tissue diseases Rheumatoid arthritis Systematic lupus erythematosus Sarcoidosis Infection Drugs Malignancy Peripheral nervous system in nonsystemic vasculitic peripheral neuropathy Treatment of vasculitic peripheral neuropathy Noninfectious large-vessel vasculitis Virus-associated vasculitis Conclusion References 8 Paraneoplastic peripheral neuropathies Introduction Classification of paraneoplastic neuropathies Paraneoplastic peripheral neuropathies with carcinoma or thymoma Subacute sensory neuronopathy (SSN) Sensory-motor neuronopathy Pure motor neuron diseases Pure autonomic neuronopathy Peripheral neuropathies Peripheral neuropathies with anti-CV2/CRMP5 antibodies Neuropathy with other onconeural antibodies Peripheral neuropathies improving with tumor treatment Neuromyotonia Paraneoplastic neuropathies with lymphoma Pathophysiology The search for a cancer in patients with peripheral neuropathy Treatment References 9 Cervical and lumbosacral radiculoplexus neuropathies Introduction Brachial plexopathy Anatomy Clinical features, pathogenesis, and management Site-specific brachial plexopathy Stretch injury of the upper BP Burner syndrome Rucksack paralysis Postoperative brachial plexopathy Thoracic outlet syndrome Pancoast tumor Site-nonspecific brachial plexopathy Cervical radiculoplexus neuropathy (CRPN) or neuralgic amyotrophy Hereditary neuralgic amyotrophy (HNA) Radiation-induced brachial plexopathy (RIBP) Neoplastic brachial plexopathy Lumbosacral plexopathy Anatomy Clinical features, pathogenesis, and management Neoplastic lumbosacral plexopathy Infection Traumatic lumbosacral plexopathy Radiation-induced lumbosacral plexopathy (RILP) Hematoma and vascular lesions in the pelvis Lumbosacral radiculoplexus neuropathy (LRPN) Postsurgical inflammatory neuropathy References 10 Dysimmune small fiber neuropathies Introduction Epidemiology Pathophysiology Clinical diagnosis Objective diagnostic testing Medical causes and contributors Links with other dysimmune conditions Small-fiber-restricted dysimmunity Autoantibodies and molecular pathways Considerations for immunotherapy treatment Conclusions Acknowledgments Financial support and sponsorship Conflict of Interest References Index A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Z Back Cover