Business statistics

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Cover Title Page Copyright Page ABOUT THE Author Supplements Table of Contents Preface Acknowledgments Dear Students Index of Applications A B C D E F G H L M P S T 1 An Introduction to Business Statistics 1.1 Business Statistics and Their Uses 1.2 Data 1.3 Descriptive and Inferential Statistics 1.4 Ethics and Statistics—It’s a Dangerous World of Data Out There Summary Key Terms Problems Solutions to YOUR TURN 2 Displaying Descriptive Statistics 2.1 The Role Technology Plays in Statistics 2.2 Displaying Quantitative Data 2.3 Displaying Qualitative Data 2.4 Contingency Tables 2.5 Stem and Leaf Display 2.6 Scatter Plots Summary Key Terms Problems Solutions to YOUR TURN 3 Calculating Descriptive Statistics 3.1 Measures of Central Tendency 3.2 Measures of Variability 3.3 Using the Mean and Standard Deviation Together 3.4 Working with Grouped Data 3.5 Measures of Relative Position 3.6 Measures of Association Between Two Variables Summary Key Terms Equations Problems Solutions to YOUR TURN 4 Introduction to Probabilities 4.1 An Introduction to Probabilities 4.2 Probability Rules for More Than One Event 4.3 Counting Principles Summary Key Terms Equations Problems Solutions to YOUR TURN 5 Discrete Probability Distributions 5.1 Introduction to Discrete Probability Distributions 5.2 Binomial Distributions 5.3 Poisson Distributions 5.4 The Hypergeometric Distribution Summary Key Terms Equations Problems Solutions to YOUR TURN 6 Continuous Probability Distributions 6.1 Continuous Random Variables 6.2 Normal Probability Distributions 6.3 Exponential Probability Distributions 6.4 Uniform Probability Distributions Summary Key Terms Equations Problems Solutions to YOUR TURN 7 Sampling and Sampling Distributions 7.1 Why Sample? 7.2 Types of Sampling 7.3 Sampling and Nonsampling Errors 7.4 The Central Limit Theorem 7.5 The Sampling Distribution of the Proportion Summary Key Terms Equations Problems Solutions to YOUR TURN 8 Confidence Intervals 8.1 Point Estimates 8.2 Calculating Confidence Intervals for the Mean when the Standard Deviation (σ) of a Population Is Known 8.3 Calculating Confidence Intervals for the Mean when the Standard Deviation (σ) of a Population Is Unknown 8.4 Calculating Confidence Intervals for Proportions 8.5 Determining the Sample Size 8.6 Calculating Confidence Intervals for Finite Populations Summary Key Terms Equations Problems Solutions to YOUR TURN 9 Hypothesis Testing for a Single Population 9.1 An Introduction to Hypothesis Testing 9.2 Hypothesis Testing for the Population Mean When σ Is Known 9.3 Hypothesis Testing for the Population Mean when σ Is Unknown 9.4 Hypothesis Testing for the Proportion of a Population 9.5 Type II Errors Summary Key Terms Equations Problems Solutions to YOUR TURN 10 Hypothesis Tests Comparing Two Populations 10.1 Comparing Two Population Means with Independent Samples Known Population Standard Deviations (σ[sub(1)] and ((σ[sub(2)]) 10.2 Comparing Two Population Means with Independent Samples Unknown Population Standard Deviations ((σ[sub(1)] and (σ[sub(2)]) 10.3 Hypothesis Testing With Dependent Samples 10.4 Comparing Two Population Proportions with Independent Samples Summary Key Terms Equations Problems Solutions to YOUR TURN 11 Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) Procedures 11.1 One-Way ANOVA: Examining the Effect a Single Factor Has on theEffect a Single Factor Has on the Means of Populations 11.2 Randomized Block ANOVA: Examining the Effects of a Single Factor by Blocking a Second Factor 11.3 Two-Way ANOVA: Examining the Effects Two Factors Have on the Means of Populations Summary Key Terms Equations Problems Solutions to YOUR TURN 12 Chi-Square Tests 12.1 Comparing Two or More Population Proportions 12.2 Determining If Observed Frequencies Follow a Known Probability Distribution 12.3 Testing the Independence of Two Variables Summary Key Terms Equations Problems Solutions to YOUR TURN 13 Hypothesis Tests for the Population Variance 13.1 Testing the Variance of a Single Population 13.2 Comparing the Variances of Two Populations Summary Equations Problems Solutions to YOUR TURN 14 Correlation and Simple Linear Regression 14.1 Dependent and Independent Variables 14.2 Correlation Analysis 14.3 Simple Linear Regression Analysis 14.4 Using a Regression to Make a Prediction 14.5 Testing the Significance of the Slope of the Regression Equation 14.6 Assumptions for Regression Analysis 14.7 A Simple Regression Example with a Negative Correlation 14.8 Some Final (but Very Important) Thoughts Summary Key Terms Equations Problems Solutions to YOUR TURN 15 Multiple Regression and Model Building 15.1 Developing the Multiple Regression Model 15.2 Explaining the Variation of the Dependent Variable 15.3 Inferences about the Independent Variables 15.4 Using Qualitative Independent Variables 15.5 Model Building Summary Key Terms Equations Problems Solutions to YOUR TURN 16 Forecasting 16.1 Introduction to Forecasting 16.2 Smoothing Forecasting Methods 16.3 Forecasting with Regression Analysis 16.4 Forecasting with Seasonality Summary Key Terms Equations Problems Solutions to YOUR TURN 17 Decision Analysis (online) 17.1 Introduction to Decision Analysis 17.2 Constructing a Decision Table 17.3 Decision Making Under Uncertainty 17.4 Decision Making Under Risk 17.5 Decision Making Using Decision Trees 17.6 Using Bayes’ Theorem to Calculate Posterior Probabilities Summary Key Terms Equations Problems Solutions to YOUR TURN 18 Nonparametric Statistics (online) 18.1 Introduction to Nonparametric Statistics 18.2 The Sign Test 18.3 The Wilcoxon Rank-Sum Test for Two Independent Samples 18.4 The Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test for Two Dependent Samples 18.5 The Kruskal-Wallis One-Way ANOVA 18.6 The Spearman Rank-Order Correlation Coefficient Appendix C: Tables for Chapter Summary Key Terms Equations Problems Solutions to YOUR TURN Appendix A Table 1 Binomial Probabilities Table 2 Poisson Probabilities Table 3 Cumulative Probabilities for the Standard Normal Distribution Table 4 Cumulative Probabilities for the Standard Normal Distribution Table 5 Student’s t-distribution Table 6 F-distribution Table 7 Critical Values of the Studentized Range, Q Table 8 Chi–Square Distribution Table 9 Critical Values for the Durbin-Watson Statistic Appendix B: Answers to Selected Even-Numbered Problems Credits Index A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z