Practical Introduction to Beam Physics and Particle Accelerators

Description

This book provides a brief exposition of the principles of beam physics and particle accelerators with an emphasis on numerical examples employing readily available computer tools. Two new chapters in this new edition cover special lattice configurations known as coupled optics, and small machines employed for physics research in scaled experiments which cannot be easily tested in large accelerators. In addition, the general theory of accelerator magnets is presented in a new appendix. PRELIMS.pdf Preface to the third edition Acknowledgements Author biography Santiago Bernal CH001.pdf Chapter 1 Rays, matrices, and transfer maps 1.1 Paraxial approximation 1.2 Thin lenses 1.3 Thick lenses 1.4 Transfer maps 1.5 Computer resources References CH002.pdf Chapter 2 Linear magnetic lenses and deflectors 2.1 Magnetic rigidity, momentum, and cyclotron frequency 2.2 Solenoid focusing 2.3 Quadrupole focusing 2.4 The Kerst–Serber equations and weak focusing 2.5 Dipoles and edge focusing 2.6 Computer resources References CH003.pdf Chapter 3 Periodic lattices and functions 3.1 Solenoid lattice 3.2 FODO lattice 3.3 Lattice and beam functions 3.4 Uniform-focusing (‘smooth’) approximation 3.5 Linear dispersion 3.6 Momentum compaction, transition gamma, and chromaticity 3.7 Computer resources References CH004.pdf Chapter 4 Emittance and space charge 4.1 Liouville’s theorem and emittance 4.2 The Kapchinskij–Vladimirskij (K–V) and thermal distributions 4.3 Thermodynamics of charged-particle beams? 4.4 The K–V envelope equations and space-charge (SC) intensity parameters 4.5 Incoherent space-charge (SC) betatron tune shift 4.6 Coherent tune shift and Laslett coefficients 4.7 Computer resources References CH005.pdf Chapter 5 Beam (sigma) matrix and coupled optics 5.1 Solenoid focusing revisited 5.2 Skew quadrupole 5.3 Beam (sigma) matrix 5.4 Coupled optics 5.5 Angular momentum and the envelope equation in solenoid 5.6 Round-to-flat (RTF) and flat-to-round (FTR) beam adapters 5.7 Computer resources References CH006.pdf Chapter 6 Longitudinal beam dynamics and radiation 6.1 Radio-frequency (RF) linacs [1] 6.2 Beam bunch stability and RF buckets 6.3 Synchrotron radiation [1] 6.4 Insertion devices and free-electron lasers (FELs) [1] 6.5 Longitudinal beam emittance and space charge 6.6 Computer resources References and additional reading CH007.pdf Chapter 7 Envelope matching, resonances, and dispersion 7.1 Cell envelope FODO matching 7.2 Source-to-cell envelope matching 7.3 Betatron resonances 7.4 Betatron resonances and space charge 7.5 Dispersion and space charge 7.6 Computer resources References CH008.pdf Chapter 8 Linacs and rings (examples), closed orbit, and beam cooling 8.1 Examples of linacs 8.2 Examples of rings 8.3 Closed orbit and correction 8.4 Beam cooling 8.5 Computer resources References CH009.pdf Chapter 9 Small machines and scaled experiments 9.1 The University of Maryland Electron Ring (UMER): a storage ring for space-charge research 9.1.1 UMER lattice and injection 9.1.2 Closed orbit 9.1.3 Betatron tunes and space charge 9.1.4 Betatron resonances and space charge 9.1.5 Soliton trains and multistream instability 9.1.6 Nonlinear optics 9.2 Small Isochronous Ring (SIR): space-charge effects in the isochronous regime 9.3 Integrable optics and other physics in IOTA 9.3.1 IOTA lattice and diagnostics 9.3.2 Nonlinear integrable and quasi-integrable optics 9.3.3 Optical stochastic cooling 9.3.4 Space-charge compensation and other experiments 9.4 Fixed-field alternating-gradient accelerators (FFAGs): lessons from EMMA 9.5 Beam stability and betatron resonances: Paul traps as model accelerators 9.6 Computer resources References APPA.pdf Chapter A.1 Hamiltonian dynamics and the symplectic condition A.2 Lie algebra methods A.3 Software and hardware A.4 General tools A.4.1 Mathcad A.4.2 Matlab A.4.3 Python A.5 Matrix/map codes A.5.1 MAD-8 and MAD-X A.5.2 Elegant A.5.3 Winagile A.5.4 Marylie A.6 Envelope codes A.6.1 SPOT and MENV A.6.2 TRACE 2-D and TRACE 3-D A.7 Particle-in-cell codes A.7.1 Warp A.8 Mobile applications A.9 Cloud computing References APPB.pdf Chapter B.1 Multipole expansion B.2 Linear magnets B.3 Lowest-order nonlinear magnets: sextupole and octupole magnets B.4 Effective hard-edge model of fringe fields in focusing magnets B.5 Computer resources References