Seeking Monotheism in Chinese Religions

Description

In the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, numerous Western missionaries were involved in debating the existence of God in various religious texts and practices in ancient China. Drawing on both the rising philological scholarship in Europe and their own field experience in China, the Western missionaries examined the idea of God, the Thearch, and Heaven as the Supreme Being in the spiritual life and ritual activities of the Chinese people. From the Christian perspective, they attempted to identify the original belief in one God in ancient China in order to convert their Chinese audience. Furthermore, they addressed the issue of monotheism in the broader Asian context by suggesting the universal monotheistic degeneration from Persia to China across Asia continent. Cover Title page Copyright page Seeking Monotheism in Chinese Religions Contents 1 Introduction 1.1 The Issue and Significance 1.2 The Structure 2 Discovering the Thearch/God in Ancient Chinese Civilizations 2.1 Introduction 2.2 The Jesuits: Forerunners in the Discussion of Monotheistic Terminology 2.3 Protestant Missionaries on Chinese Monotheism 3 Monotheism and Polytheism: From Ancient Religion to State Religion 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Monotheism in the State Religion of China 3.3 Monotheism in the Chinese Religions from the Perspective of European Philology 4 Chinese Monotheism along the Silk Road and Indo-European Civilizations 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Seeking the Historical Roots of Chinese Monotheism in West Asia 4.3 Monotheism and Revelation in Asia 5 From Monotheism to Polytheism in Chinese History 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Monotheism’s Degeneration into Polytheism across Asia 5.3 Monotheism and Idolatry in Chinese Religions 6 Chinese Religions: The Protestant Heritage in the Twentieth and Twenty-First Centuries Bibliography