Mapping Ancient Landscapes in Northamptonshire

Description

E-book (PDF) published 2012. Aerial reconnaissance and the National Mapping Programme project in Northamptonshire have recovered and mapped evidence of archaeological activity of widely varying character, from field systems through settlement remains to funerary monuments, and ranging in period from the Neolithic to the 20th century. This volume presents research and analyses the project's results. The introduction is followed by two chapters that consider the reasons for the biases in the distribution of aerial photographic evidence. The first of these chapters reviews the history of aerial reconnaissance and mapping in Northamptonshire. The second considers the impact of soils, geology and past and present land use on the survival and visibility of earthworks, crop marks and soil marks. The subsequent analyses of the project's results are presented primarily by period. First there is a discussion of the monuments and landscapes of the Neolithic and Bronze Age in the context of results from archaeological excavations, and in particular from the Raunds Area Project. This is followed by a review of the wider evidence for these periods in Northamptonshire and the Midlands by Alex Gibson. Reflecting the wealth of information revealed by aerial archaeology for these periods, a large proportion of this volume in concentrated on the Iron Age and Roman periods, in an attempt to characterise the settlements, boundaries and communications across different landscape zones. The three chapters on the Anglo-Saxon, medieval and post-medieval landscapes, and on 20th-century military remains review the contribution of the aerial archaeological evidence and consider whether this was maximised by the project. The final chapter assesses the methodology that evolved during the course of the project and its impact on data creation and subsequent data manipulation, interrogation and dissemination. The Northamptonshire National Mapping Programme data is archived by and disseminated through the National Monuments Record, Northamptonshire Sites and Monuments Record and also the Archaeology Data Service, York. Contributors vi Abbreviations vi Acknowledgements vii Summary vii Résumé viii Zusamenfassung viii 1. Introduction Glenn Foard 1 2. Aerial reconnaissance in Northamptonshire / Glenn Foard 6 3. The significance and limitations of the project data / Alison Deegan and Glenn Foard 21 4. Monuments and landscapes in the Neolithic and Bronze Age / Alison Deegan 45 5. Ex Tenebris Lux / Alex Gibson 78 6. Late Bronze Age, Iron Age and Roman settlements and landscapes / Alison Deegan 81 7. The contribution of aerial photography to Anglo-Saxon studies / Glenn Foard and Alison Deegan 125 8. The contribution of aerial photography to medieval and post-medieval studies / Glenn Foard and Alison Deegan 136 9. Studying modern military remains / Graham Cadman 150 10. A critique of Northamptonshire’s National Mapping Programme Project / Glenn Foard and Alison Deegan 156 References 161 Index 167