Advanced Elastomeric Materials

Description

Elastomers are being used widely in many engineering applications. They can be used in extreme conditions such as corrosive environments or at high temperatures, therefore, it is difficult to predict their expected service life. This book reviews the fundamentals of elastomeric materials and their manufacturing techniques with emphasis on their physical and chemical properties. It contains eight chapters focusing on various aspects of elastomers. An introduction of these materials is provided in Chapter 1. In Chapter 2, classification of elastomeric materials is discussed while morphology and compatibility of different elastomeric blends are discussed in Chapter 3. Furthermore, Chapter 4 contains the essentials of mechanical properties of different elastomeric materials and their response under mechanical conditions. In Chapter 5, properties and applications of conductive elastomers are explained. Chapter 6 discusses the mechanical and electrical properties of elastomeric materials and Chapter 7 deals with the applications of elastomers in aerospace and defense sectors. Finally, Chapter 8 discusses the biomedical applications of these materials. This book is greatly beneficial for students, researchers, engineers, teachers, and basically anybody who is interested in elastomers and rubbers or works with these materials. Cover Half Title Advanced Elastomeric Materials Copyright About the Editor Table of Contents List of Figures List of Tables List of Abbreviations Preface 1. Introduction to Elastomeric Materials Contents 1.1. Introduction 1.2. Thermodynamics 1.3. Kinetics 1.4. Structure 1.5. Polymerization 1.6. Particular Elastomer Structure and its Properties 1.7. Thermoplastic Elastomer (TPE) Structure and Properties 1.8. Elastomer-Filler Compositions 1.9. Elastomer Blends 1.10. Interpenetrating Elastomer Blends (IPN) 1.11. Formulation And Compounding 1.12. Shape-Memory Polymers 1.13. Summary and the Future Trends References 2. Classification of Elastomeric Materials Contents 2.1. Introduction 2.2. Natural Rubber (NR) 2.3. Isoprene Rubber, Polyisoprene (IR) 2.4. Butadiene Rubber (BR), Polybutadiene 2.5. Styrene-Butadiene Rubber (SBR) 2.6. Butyl Rubbers 2.7. Nitrile Rubber, Nitrile-Butadiene Rubber, and Acrylonitrile Rubber (NBR) 2.8. Epichlorohydrin Rubbers 2.9. Ethylene-Propylene Rubbers 2.10. Chloroprene Rubber, Polychloroprene (CR) 2.11. Polyacrylate Rubbers (ACM) 2.12. Polyurethane Rubbers (AU, EU, PUR) 2.13. Fluorocarbon Rubbers (FKM, FPM) 2.14. Silicone Rubbers (Q) 2.15. Polysulfide Rubbers (T) 2.16. Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate Copolymer (EVA) 2.17. Polypropylene Oxide Rubbers, Polypropylene Oxide-Allyl Glycidyl Ether Copolymer (GPO) 2.18. Chlorinated Polyethylene (CM, CPE), Chlorosulfonated Polyethylene (CSM, CSPE) 2.19. Thermoplastic Elastomers (TPE) 2.20. Styrenic Thermoplastic Elastomers (TPE-S) 2.21. Elastomeric Alloys 2.22. Thermoplastic Urethane Elastomers (TPU, TPE-U) 2.23. Thermoplastics Polyester-Ether Elastomer (TPE-E) 2.24. Thermoplastic Polyamide Elastomers (TPE-A) References 3. Elastomeric Blends Contents 3.1. Introduction 3.2. Thermodynamics of Blends of the Rubber 3.3. Thermodynamics Aspects Incorporating the Filler Effect in the Rubber Blends 3.4. Miscible Rubber Blends 3.5. Immiscible Rubber Blends 3.6. Compatible Rubber Blends 3.7. Incompatible Rubber Blends 3.8. Factors Affecting the Performance of Blends of Rubber 3.9. Distribution of the Additives of Rubber In Rubber Blends 3.10. Preparation of the Rubber Blends 3.11. Correlation Between Viscosity and Polarity 3.12. Morphology Categorization by Microscopy 3.13. Preparation Methods Utilized for Microscopy 3.14. Om (Optical Microscopy) of the Rubber Blends 3.15. Morphology of the Rubber Blends Through Sem References 4. Mechanical and Physical Characteristics of Rubber Compounds Contents 4.1. Introduction 4.2. Fatigue of Rubber 4.3. Crack Growth Examination and Fracture 4.4. Rubber Filler Interaction 4.5. Rubber Crystallization 4.6. Rubber Molecular Orientation References 5. Conductive Elastomers and Their Electronic Applications Contents 5.1. Introduction 5.2. Stretchable Electronics 5.2.1. Stretchable Conductors 5.2.2. Stretchable Field-Effect Transistors and Memories 5.2.3. Stretchable Light-Emitting Diodes 5.2.4. Brief Summary 5.3. Stretchable Sensors 5.3.1. Stretchable Strain Sensors 5.3.2. Stretchable Pressure Sensors 5.3.3. Stretchable Temperature Sensors 5.3.4. Brief Summary 5.4. Stretchable Energy Harvesters 5.4.1. Stretchable Solar Cells 5.4.2. Other Stretchable Energy Harvesters 5.5. Summary References 6. Mechanical and Electrical Characteristics of the Elastomeric Nanocomposites Contents 6.1. Introduction 6.2. Basic Problems on Carbon Nanomaterials 6.3. Manufacturing Methods of Rubber Nanocomposites 6.4. Tensile Properties 6.5. Dynamic Mechanical Properties 6.6. Electrical Properties Under Strain References 7. Applications of Elastomers in Defense and Aerospace Contents 7.1. Introduction 7.2. Acoustic Applications 7.2.1. Sonar Rubber Domes 7.2.2. Active Sonar 7.2.3. Insulation 7.3. Aircraft Tires 7.4. Airships 7.5. Inflatable Seacraft 7.5.1. Combat Rubber Raiding Craft 7.5.2. Hovercraft References 8. Bio-Medical Uses of Elastomeric Materials Contents 8.1. Introduction 8.2. Developments on Elastomeric Blends and Composites for Medical Applications 8.3. Biostable and Biocompatible Materials 8.4. Modern Elastomer’s Superior Mechanical Properties 8.5. Intelligent Bio-Materials 8.6. Overview of Products Based on Elastomer Biomedical Applications 8.7. Thermoplastic Composites and Elastomers 8.7.1. Polyurethane Composites and Elastomers 8.7.2. Polyethylene Composites and Elastomers 8.7.3. Silicone Based Elastomers References Index Cover back