Properties and Uses of Vegetable Oils

Description

Vegetable oils are a group of fats derived from seeds, nuts, cereal grains, and fruits. It is important to understand that not all vegetable oils are liquid oils at ambient temperatures. Vegetable oils have enormous potential as alternatives for mineral oil in a myriad of industrial applications. Although our knowledge of the genes and biochemical pathways leading to the formation of plant oils allows for the potential to engineer a diverse array of lipid products in seed oils, this goal remains a challenge. This book identifies the prospects of vegetable oils for different applications that facilitate readers from academia, industry, and research laboratories to enhance their knowledge of utilizing vegetable oils in different industrial sectors. Contents Preface Chapter 1 Lubrication Performance of Vegetable Oil-Based Nanofluids Under Different Lubrication Regimes Abstract Introduction Classification of Lubricants and Lubrication Regimes Vegetable Oils as Alternative Lubricant Base Stocks Nanoparticles as Lubricant Additive and Their Classification Lubricating Mechanisms Associated with Using Nanoparticles in Nanofluids Studies on Performance of Vegetable Oil-Based Nanofluids in Different Lubrication Regimes Challenges of Vegetable Oil-Based Nanofluids in Lubrication Dispersion Stability and Other Thermo-Physical Properties of Vegetable Oil-Based Nanofluids Conclusion References Chapter 2 Putranjiva Roxburghii: A Novel Feedstock as a Bio-Based Lubricant with MoS2 Nanoparticles Effect and Tribological Analysis Abstract Introduction Materials and Methods Composition of P. Roxburghii Nano Lubricant Development and Their Characterization Materials Experimental Setup Results and Discussion Frictional Analysis Wear Rate Surface Morphology Conclusion References Chapter 3 Application of Nanoparticles to Vegetable Oil for Improved Thermal Mechanical Properties Abstract 1. Introduction 1.1. Castor oil as Renewable Raw Material 2. Fillers for Polyurethane 3. Fabrication of Polymer Nanocomposite 3.1. Solution Blending 3.2. Melt Blending 3.3. In-Situ Polymerization 4. Nanocomposites Conclusion References Chapter 4 Potential Health Benefits of Vegetable Oils Abstract Introduction Coconut Oil Health Benefits of Coconut Oil Canola Oil/Rapeseed Oil Health Benefits of Canola Oil Sunflower Oil Health Benefits of Sunflower Oil Health Benefits of Flaxseed Oil Sesame Seed Oil Health Benefits of Sesame Seed Oil Soybean Oil Health Benefits of Soybean Oil Olive Oil Health Benefits of Olive Oil Palm Oil Health Benefits of Palm Oil Peanut Oil Health Benefits of Peanut Oil Rice Bran Oil Health Benefits of Rice Bran Oil Conclusion References Chapter 5 Vegetable Oils as an Alternate Source of Heat Storage Material Abstract Introduction Thermal Properties Physical Properties Kinetic Properties Chemical Properties Extraction of Vegetable Oil Description of Vegetable Oil Based HSMs Vegetable Oil Based HSM Systems Major Challenges Related to Vegetable Oil Based HSMs Future Scope of Vegetable Oil as HSMs Summary Acknowledgments References Chapter 6 Used Vegetable Oil: Its Properties, Conversion Technologies, and Challenges as a Transportation Fuel Abstract 1. Introduction 2. Compositions of Used Vegetable Oil 3. Properties of Used Vegetable Oil and Related Issues as Transportion Fuel 3.1. Viscosity 3.2. Calorific or Heating Value 3.3. Acid Value 3.4. Cold Flow Properties 4. Technology to Convert Vegetable Oil to Fuel 4.1. Blending 4.2. Transesterification 4.3. Pyrolysis 4.4. Catalytic Cracking 4.5. Hydrocracking 5. Challenges to Produce Transportation Fuel from Used Vegetable Oil 5.1. Feedstock 5.2. Reaction Related Issues 5.3. Product Conclusion Acknowledgments References Chapter 7 Biofuel and Fuel Characterization for IC Engines Abstract Introduction Biofuel Importance of Biofuels Biofuel Asset Capability Biofuels: First Generation, Second Generation, and Third Generation Effect of Bioenergy on Ecosystems Effect of Bioenergy on the Environment Biofuel: Neutral Carbon Fuel Fuel Quality Characterization for IC Engines Introduction Fuel Quality Study Heating Value Cloud and Pour Point Cloud Point Pour Point References Chapter 8 Jatropha Curcas Abstract Introduction Why Is Jatropha so Sustainable Exciting? The Jatropha Biodiesel Regional Project Jatropha’s Productivity Jatropha and Barren Land Jatropha Fruits Seed Processing Oil and Composition Attributes Techniques in Advancing Jatropha ORCID and Scopus IDs References Chapter 9 Experimental Investigations on Influence of Preheating the Jatropha Based Straight Vegetable Oil Through Exhaust Gas Framework on an IDI CI Engine Abstract Introduction Materials Methodology Waste Heat Utilization for Preheating the SVO Instrumentation Eddy Current Dynamometer Operating Procedure for Dynamometer and Control Panel Current Setting Procedure for Dyno Controller Pot Position for Various PCB Engine Out Emission Measurement Results and Discussion Performance Combustion Emissions Conclusion Future Scope Acknowledgments Funding Agency ORCID and Scopus IDs References Chapter 10 Cashew Nut Shell Oil: A Versatile by-Product of Cashew Industry Abstract 1. Introduction 1.1. Versatility of the Cashew Nut Tree (Anacardium occidentale) 2. Cashew Nut Shell Oil 2.1. Introduction 2.2. Extraction of CNSO from Cashew Nut Shell 2.2.1. Hot Oil Bath Method 2.2.2. Roasting Method 2.2.3. Screw Pressing Method 2.2.4. Solvent Extraction Method 2.3. Chemical Composition of Cashew Nut Shell Oil 2.4. Isolation of Major Components of Cashew Nut Shell Oil 2.4.1. Isolation of Anacardic Acid from Cashew Nut Shell Oil 2.4.2. Isolation of Cardanol and Cardol 2.4.3. Direct Separation of Cardanol from Cashew Nut Shell Oil by Decarboxylation Process 2.5. Present and Future Trends of Cashew Nut Shell Oil 3. Application and Uses of Cashew Nut Shell Oil 4. Properties of Cashew Nut Shell Oil 5. Synthesis and Characterization of Rigid Polyurethane Foam from Cashew Nut Shell Oil 5.1. Introduction 5.2. Raw Materials for Polyurethane Foam 5.2.1. Isocyanates 5.2.2. Polyols 5.3. Rigid Polyurethane Foams from Cashew Nut Shell Oil 6. Cashew Nut Shell Oil Based Resin as a Potential Replacement of Phenolic Resins for Various Industrial Applications 7. Cashew Nut Shell Oil as a Petrochemical Feedstock 8. Cashew Nut Shell Oil: An Eco-Friendly Alternative for the Modern Coating Industry 8.1. Synthesis of Epoxy Resins 8.2. Synthesis of Maleinized Fatty Acids 8.3. Synthesis of Maleinized Fatty Acid Epoxy Ester Resins 8.4. Synthesis of CNSO-Modified Resins Conclusion References About the Editors Index Blank Page Blank Page