Evidence Based Physical Therapy

Description

“This book then is an essential bridge to assist the application of EBP to physiotherapy. Dr. Fetters and Dr. Tilson have done an excellent job in describing the fundamentals of EBP, and expertly adapting them to the needs of physiotherapists using everyday clinical examples to illustrate the processes. Using this book will help in learning these vital skills for 21st century practice.” ― Paul Glasziou, Professor, Centre for Research in Evidence-Based Practice, Bond University, Australia Improve outcomes through evidence-based therapy. This practical, easy-to-use guide uses a five-step process to show you how to find, appraise, and apply the research in the literature to meet your patient’s goals. You'll learn how to develop evidence-based questions specific to your clinical decisions and conduct efficient and effective searches of print and online sources to identify the most relevant and highest quality evidence. Then, you'll undertake a careful appraisal of the information; interpret the research; and synthesize the results to generate valid answers to your questions. And, finally, you'll use the Critically Appraised Topic (CAT) tool to communicate your findings. See what practitioners and students are saying about the previous edition… Great resource for applying evidence to practice. “The book is very clearly written with clinical examples, and in-depth questions. If you want a comprehensive book on statistics this is not the book for you, but it is an easily understandable introduction to physical therapy research which will help you to interpret the literature and apply it to your patients.” Five Stars. “This book is a must have for those just being introduced to EBP and research in physical therapy.” TItle Page Copyright Foreword Preface Reviewers Contents How to Use This Book Section I Finding and Appraising Evidence to Improve Patient Care Chapter 1 The Evidence Based Practice Model INTRODUCTION WHAT IS EBP, AND WHY IS IT IMPORTANT? UNDERSTANDING THE EBP MODEL Scientifi c Research Clinical Expertise Patient Values and Circumstances THE EBP PROCESS Step 1: Identify the Need forInformation, and Develop a Focused and Searchable Clinical Question Step 2: Conduct a Search to Findthe Best Possible Research Evidence to Answer Your Question Step 3: Critically Appraisethe Research Evidence for Applicability and Quality Step 4: Integrate the CriticallyAppraised Research Evidence With Clinical Expertise and thePatient's Values and Circumstances Step 5: Evaluate the Effectivenessand Efficacy of Your Effortsin Steps 1–4, and Identify Waysto Improve Them in the Future CAN EBP WORK IN THE REAL WORLD? S U M M A RY Chapter 2 Asking a Clinical Question and Searching for Research Evidence INTRODUCTION HOW DO I KNOW IF I NEED INFORMATION? Searchable Clinical Questions RESEARCH YOUR CLINICAL QUESTION Summarized Evidence Searching for Individual Studies Using Search Engines to Find Research Evidence Searching in PubMed Choosing and Retrieving Evidence S U M M A RY Chapter 3 Critically Appraise the Applicability and Quality of an Intervention Research Study INTRODUCTION THE PROCESS OF STUDY APPRAISAL Determining the Applicability of an Intervention Study Determining the Quality of an Intervention Study RESEARCH NOTATION Using Research Notation for Example Study Designs S U M M A RY Chapter 4 Critically Appraise the Results of an Intervention Research Study INTRODUCTION APPRAISING RESULTS Interpreting the Results of an Intervention Study Summarizing the Clinical BottomLine S U M M A RY Section II Appraising Other Types of Studies: Beyond the Randomized Clinical Trial Chapter 5 Appraising Diagnostic Research Studies INTRODUCTION The Diagnostic Process in Physical Therapy Diagnostic Questions in the Clinic SEARCHING THE LITERATURE: RESEARCH DESIGNS SPECIFIC TO DIAGNOSTIC TESTS THE PROCESS OF STUDY APPRAISAL Determining the Applicability of a Diagnostic Study Determining the Quality of a Diagnostic Study Interpreting the Results of a Diagnostic Study Sensitivity SUMMARIZING THE CLINICAL BOTTOM LINE OF A DIAGNOSTIC STUDY CLINICAL PREDICTION RULES FOR DIAGNOSIS CPR for Diagnosis and Prognosis Development of the CPR S U M M A RY Chapter 6 Appraising Prognostic Research Studies INTRODUCTION RESEARCH DESIGNS SPECIFIC TO PROGNOSTIC STUDIES Cohort Studies Case Control Studies DETERMINING THE APPLICABILITY OF A PROGNOSTIC STUDY DETERMINING THE QUALITY OF A PROGNOSTIC STUDY Study Sample Outcome Measures and Factor sAssociated With These Measures Study Process INTERPRETING THE RESULTS OF A PROGNOSTIC STUDY Correlation Regression Simple Linear Regression Multiple Regression Logistic Regression Application of Regression Analysis SUMMARIZING THE CLINICAL BOTTOM LINE OF A PROGNOSTIC STUDY Risk Ratio Odds Ratio S U M M A RY Chapter 7 Appraising Research Studies of Systematic Reviews INTRODUCTION What Is a Systematic Review? Systematic Reviews at the Top of the Evidence Pyramid DETERMINING THE APPLICABILITY OF A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW DETERMINING THE QUALITY OF A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW Study Sample Data Reduction and Analysis INTERPRETING THE RESULTS OF A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW STUDY Interpretation of Qualitative Results Interpretation of Quantitative Results SUMMARIZING THE CLINICAL BOTTOM LINE OF A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW S U M M A RY Chapter 8 Appraising Clinical Practice Guidelines INTRODUCTION What Are Clinical Practice Guidelines? What Search Strategies Are Best for CPGs? DETERMINING THE APPLICABILITY OF A CPG DETERMINING THE QUALITY OF A CPG Stakeholder Involvement Rigor of Development INTERPRETING THE RESULTS OF A CPG Editorial Independence SUMMARIZING THE CLINICAL BOTTOM LINE OF A CPG Clarity of Presentation Attention to Implementation Using Clinical Practice Guidelinesin Practice S U M M A RY 9 Chapter Appraising Studies With Alternative Designs INTRODUCTION SINGLE-SUBJECT RESEARCH RCTs RCT With Crossover Determining the Applicability of SSR Determining the Quality of SSR Interpreting the Results of SSR Summarizing the Clinical Bottom Line of SSR Summary of SSR QUALITATIVE RESEARCH Appraising Qualitative Research S U M M A RY Chapter 10 Appraising Research Studies of Outcome Measures INTRODUCTION TYPES AND UTILITY OF OUTCOME MEASURES Two Types of Outcome Measures What Makes an Outcome Measure Useful in the Clinic? STUDIES THAT ASSESS OUTCOME-MEASURE RELIABILITY Types of Reliability and Terms Associated With Reliability Studies Determining the Applicability of a Reliability Study Determining the Quality of a Reliability Study Interpreting the Results of a Reliability Study Summarizing the Clinical Bottom Line STUDIES THAT ASSESS OUTCOME-MEASURE VALIDITY Types of Validity Determining the Applicability of a Validity Study Determining the Quality of a Validity Study Interpreting the Results of a Validity Study Summarizing the Clinical Bottom Line STUDIES THAT ASSESS AN OUTCOME MEASURE ’ S CLINICAL MEANINGFULNESS Types of Clinical Meaningfulness Determining the Applicability o fa Clinical Meaningfulness Study Determining the Quality of a Clinical Meaningfulness Study Interpreting the Results of a Clinical Meaningfulness Study Summarizing the Clinical Bottom Line of a Clinical Meaningfulness Study FINDING RESEARCH ON OUTCOME MEASURES S U M M A RY Section III Communication and Technology for Evidence Based Practice Chapter 11 Communicating Evidence for Best Practice INTRODUCTION INTEGRATION OF RESEARCH, CLINICAL EXPERTISE, AND THE PATIENTS’ VALUES AND CIRCUMSTANCES Health Literacy Communication With Decision-Makers for Physical Therapy SUMMARIZING AND STORING RESEARCH EVIDENCE FOR COMMUNICATION The Critically Appraised Topic Other Examples of Summaries of Evidence S U M M A RY Chapter 12 Technology and Evidence Based Practice in the Real World INTRODUCTION A HISTORY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EBP EFFORTS DEVELOPING YOUR TECHNOLOGY PROFILE COMPONENTS OF AN EBP TECHNOLOGY PROFILE Push and Pull Information Technology Reference Management Systems SELECTING TECHNOLOGIES FOR YOUR PROFILE Appendix Appraising the Evidence Tables Glossary INDEX