Sol-Gel Synthesis Strategies for Tailored Catalytic Materials

Description

This book discusses the synthesis of catalytic materials with improved and tailored functionalities via the sol-gel method. Beginning with a general outline of traditional sol-gel chemistry, the book gradually explores surrounding topics, such as the formation of porous structures, while guiding the overall discussion toward the synthesis of heterogeneous catalysts and focusing throughout on the structure-activity relationship in catalytic materials. Featuring several case studies covering major current industrial applications, the book is an ideal guide for researchers looking to tailor catalytic materials for a specific catalytic process and thus exploiting the versatility of the “traditional” sol-gel method. Preface About This Book Contents 1 Introduction 1.1 The Multifaceted Role of Oxides in Heterogeneous Catalysis 1.2 Synthesis Approaches to Nanocatalysts 1.2.1 Impregnation Method 1.2.2 (Co)precipitation Method 1.2.3 Hydrothermal/Solvothermal Process 1.3 Sol–Gel Chemistry for Oxides Preparation References 2 “Traditional” Sol–Gel: The Chemistry of Alkoxides 2.1 Hydrolysis and Condensation Reactions: An Overview 2.2 Silicon Alkoxides 2.2.1 Acid and Base Catalysis 2.3 Transition Metal Alkoxides References 3 From (Sub)colloidal Growth to the Gel Structure 3.1 Polymeric Gel Versus Colloidal Gel 3.2 Aging 3.3 Water Can Be a Strategic Parameter References 4 From Wet Gel to the Final Product: Draw Your Way 4.1 Drying Methods 4.2 Thin Film Formation References 5 Evolution of Sol–Gel Chemistry 5.1 Organic–Inorganic Hybrids 5.2 Non-hydrolitic Routes 5.3 The Pechini Method References 6 Synthetic Strategies for (Supported) Metal and Metal Oxide Catalysts: Case Studies 6.1 Acid Catalysts 6.2 Highly Dispersed Supported Metal Catalysts 6.3 Reverse Micelle Approach for Photocatalysts References