Getting Structured Data from the Internet: Running Web Crawlers/Scrapers on a Big Data Production Scale

Description

Intermediate user level Table of Contents About the Author About the Technical Reviewer Acknowledgments Introduction Chapter 1: Introduction to Web Scraping Who uses web scraping? Marketing and lead generation Search engines On-site search and recommendation Google Ads and other pay-per-click (PPC) keyword research tools Search engine results page (SERP) scrapers Search engine optimization (SEO) Relevance Trust and authority Estimating traffic to a site Vertical search engines for recruitment, real estate, and travel Brand, competitor, and price monitoring Social listening, public relations (PR) tools, and media contacts database Historical news databases Web technology database Alternative financial datasets Miscellaneous uses Programmatically searching user comments in Reddit Why is web scraping essential? How to turn web scraping into full-fledged product Summary Chapter 2: Web Scraping in Python Using Beautiful Soup Library What are web pages all about? Styling with Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) Scraping a web page with Beautiful Soup find() and find_all() Getting links from a Wikipedia page Scrape an ecommerce store site Profiling Beautiful Soup parsers XPath Profiling XPath-based lxml Crawling an entire site URL normalization Robots.txt and crawl delay Status codes and retries Crawl depth and crawl order Link importance Advanced link crawler Getting things “dynamic” with JavaScript Variables and data types Functions Conditionals and loops HTML DOM manipulation AJAX Scraping JavaScript with Selenium Scraping the US FDA warning letters database Scraping from XHR directly Summary Chapter 3: Introduction to Cloud Computing and Amazon Web Services (AWS) What is cloud computing? List of AWS products How to interact with AWS AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) Setting up an IAM user Setting up custom IAM policy Setting up a new IAM role Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3) Creating a bucket Accessing S3 through SDKs Cloud storage browser Amazon EC2 EC2 server types Spinning your first EC2 server Communicating with your EC2 server using SSH Transferring files using SFTP Amazon Simple Notification Service (SNS) and Simple Queue Service (SQS) Scraping the US FDA warning letters database on cloud Summary Chapter 4: Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Text Analytics Regular expressions Extract email addresses using regex Re2 regex engine Named entity recognition (NER) Training SpaCy NER Exploratory data analytics for NLP Tokenization Advanced tokenization, stemming, and lemmatization Punctuation removal Ngrams Stop word removal Method 1: Create an exclusion list Method 2: Using statistical language modeling Method 3: Corpus-specific stop words Method 4: Using term frequency–inverse document frequency (tf-idf) vectorization Topic modeling Latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) Latent semantic indexing (LSI) Text clustering Text classification Packaging text classification models Performance decay of text classifiers Summary Chapter 5: Relational Databases and SQL Language Why do we need a relational database? What is a relational database? Data definition language (DDL) Sample database schema for web scraping SQLite DBeaver PostgreSQL Setting up AWS RDS PostgreSQL SQLAlchemy Data manipulation language (DML) and Data Query Language (DQL) Data insertion in SQLite Inserting other tables Full text searching in SQLite Data insertion in PostgreSQL Full text searching in PostgreSQL Why do NoSQL databases exist? Summary Chapter 6: Introduction to Common Crawl Datasets WARC file format Common crawl index WET file format Website similarity WAT file format Web technology profiler Backlinks database Summary Chapter 7: Web Crawl Processing on Big Data Scale Domain ranking and authority using Amazon Athena Batch querying for domain ranking and authority Processing parquet files for a common crawl index Parsing web pages at scale Microdata, microformat, JSON-LD, and RDFa Parsing news articles using newspaper3k Revisiting sentiment analysis Scraping media outlets and journalist data Introduction to distributed computing Rolling your own search engine Summary Chapter 8: Advanced Web Crawlers Scrapy Advanced crawling strategies Ethics and legality of web scraping Proxy IP and user-agent rotation Cloudflare CAPTCHA solving services Summary Index