Supply Chain Management Strategies and Methodologies: Experiences from Latin America

Description

This book showcases the successful practices of manufacturing companies in Latin America, highlighting the strategies and technologies they have implemented to produce high-quality products and remain competitive in the market. Divided into three parts, the book covers various aspects of the manufacturing process. Part I presents methodologies and strategies for demand forecasting and raw material procurement, providing insights into how companies are meeting their production needs and managing costs. Part II focuses on methodologies and strategies applied in the production process, exploring the various techniques and practices that companies are utilizing to optimize their manufacturing operations. Finally, Part III lists methodologies and strategies applied to product distribution, demonstrating how companies are delivering their products to market efficiently and effectively. Overall, this book provides a comprehensive overview of the best practices being employed by successful manufacturing companies in Latin America, offering valuable insights for businesses looking to improve their manufacturing processes and remain competitive in today's market. Preface Part I The Supply Chain in the Procurement Part II The Supply Chain in Production Process Part III The Supply Chain in the Distribution Process Part IV Miscellaneous in the Supply Chain Acknowledgments Contents Contributors List of Figures List of Tables Part I The Supply Chain in the Procurement 1 Supply Chain Strategies and Methodologies—A Bibliometric Review 1.1 Supply Chain Strategies 1.1.1 Types of Supply Chain Strategies 1.1.2 How Can an SCS Be Defined? 1.1.3 Traditional Ways of Improving SCS 1.1.4 SCS Research Trends 1.2 Methodology 1.2.1 Identification of References 1.2.2 Analysis of References 1.3 Results 1.3.1 Identification of Documents 1.3.2 The Main Authors 1.3.3 The Main Areas of Application of the SCS 1.3.4 Types of Documents Published on SCS 1.3.5 Funding and Sponsors in SCS Research 1.3.6 The Main Institutions Where SCS Research is Carried Out 1.3.7 Countries Where SCS Research is Being Conducted 1.3.8 Main Keywords 1.3.9 Most Cited Documents 1.3.10 Most Cited Sources 1.3.11 Most Cited Authors 1.3.12 Most Cited Institutions 1.3.13 Most Cited Countries 1.3.14 Average Number of Citations 1.4 Conclusions References 2 Using Meta-Learning in Automatic Demand Forecast with a Large Number of Products 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Literature Review 2.3 Methodology 2.3.1 Forecasting with Alternative Models 2.3.2 Model Selection Through Meta-Learning 2.3.3 Extraction of Time Series Features 2.3.4 Execution and Evaluation of Meta-Models 2.4 Empirical Setting 2.5 Results 2.5.1 Forecasting Through Standard Models 2.5.2 Generation of Features 2.5.3 Meta-Learning 2.5.4 Business Evaluation 2.6 Discussion and Future Research References 3 Economic Development and High-Value Supply Chains 3.1 Introduction 3.1.1 Related Literature 3.2 Proposed Methodology 3.2.1 Stage 1—Diagnose and Characterization of the Region 3.2.2 Stage 2—Quantify the Potential of Regional Productive Sectors 3.2.3 Stage 3—Identify the Most Relevant Clusters 3.2.4 Stage 4—Identify High-Value Supply Chains 3.3 Case Study 3.3.1 Stage 1: Diagnose the Region—Economic Structure 3.3.2 Stage 2—Quantifying the Potential of Productive Sectors in Tamaulipas 3.3.3 Stage 3—Identifying the Most Relevant Clusters in Tamaulipas During 2018 3.4 Conclusions References 4 Artificial Intelligence-Based Analysis of Material Supply Costs in ETO Companies Shifting to Mass Customization 4.1 Introduction 4.1.1 Organization of the Purchasing Department 4.1.2 Standardization of Components and Materials 4.2 Methodology 4.2.1 Business Understanding 4.2.2 Data Understanding 4.2.3 Data Preparation 4.2.4 Modeling 4.2.5 Evaluation 4.3 Results and Discussion 4.3.1 Evo_P_Repe Response 4.3.2 Cons_Ventas_T Response 4.3.3 Summary of the Most Significant Results for the Responses Evo_P_Repe and Cons_Ventas_T 4.4 Conclusions 4.4.1 Introduction of Lean Thinking, Reduction of Stocks and Urgent Orders 4.4.2 Standardization of Components and Materials 4.4.3 Early Purchasing Involvement (EPI) 4.4.4 Purchase Management to Improve Prices. Negotiation References Part II The Supply Chain in the Production Process 5 Lean-Sigma as a Strategy in Supply Chain Management During the COVID-19 Pandemic Crisis-Lessons Learned 5.1 Introduction 5.1.1 Supply Chain Disruptions 5.1.2 Strategic Approaches for the Supply-Chain Disruptions 5.1.3 Strategies for Overcoming the Supply Chain Commotion 5.2 Case Studies 5.2.1 Case 1 5.2.2 Case 2 5.2.3 Case 3 5.3 Conclusions References 6 Development of an Expert System Focused on Improving the Supply Chain by Increasing the Availability of Equipment 6.1 Introduction 6.1.1 Electric Motors 6.1.2 Artificial Neural Networks 6.2 Methodology 6.2.1 Training and Testing of Artificial Neural Networks 6.3 Results 6.4 Conclusions References 7 Leadership as a Strategy for Flexibility and Resilience in the Supply Chain 7.1 Introduction 7.1.1 The Maquiladora Industry in Mexico 7.2 Literature Review and Hypotheses 7.2.1 Transactional Leadership in the Supply Chain (TSLSC) 7.2.2 Supply Chain Flexibility (SCF) 7.2.3 Transformational Leadership in the Supply Chain (TFLSC) 7.2.4 Supply Chain Resilience (SCR) 7.3 Materials and Methods 7.3.1 Questionnaire Design 7.3.2 Application of the Questionnaire 7.3.3 Recording and Debugging of Information 7.3.4 Descriptive Analysis of the Sample and Items 7.3.5 Validation of Variables 7.3.6 Validation of Hypotheses—Structural Equation Modeling 7.4 Results 7.4.1 Descriptive Analysis of the Sample 7.4.2 Descriptive Analysis of the Items 7.4.3 Validation of Latent Variables 7.4.4 Structural Equation Modeling 7.5 Conclusion 7.5.1 Structural Equation Modeling Findings 7.5.2 Conclusions from the Sensitivity Analysis 7.5.3 Limitations and Future Lines of Research References Part III The Supply Chain in the Distribution Process 8 Demand and Inventory Management for the Creation of an Automated Information Management System: A Case Study Applied to an Ecuadorian Supermarket 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Methodology 8.2.1 Description of Methodology 8.2.2 Collection of Historical Data of the Company 8.2.3 ABC Rating 8.2.4 Forecasts 8.3 Research Methodology and Design 8.3.1 Gathering Historical Data 8.3.2 Data Purification 8.3.3 ABC Rating 8.3.4 Forecasts 8.3.5 Inventories 8.4 Results 8.4.1 Forecasts 8.4.2 Inventories 8.4.3 BPM 8.5 Conclusions and Recommendations 8.5.1 Conclusions 8.5.2 Recommendations 8.5.3 Limitations References 9 Analysis of Failure Modes and Port Disruptions in Port Terminal Operations: A Case Study in the Port Area of Barranquilla, Colombia 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Literature Review 9.2.1 Port Disruptions 9.2.2 Failure Modes 9.3 Case Study 9.3.1 Most Relevant Disruptions in the Port Under Study 9.3.2 Relationships Between Port Disruptions and Failure Modes in Port Operations 9.4 Conclusions Annex References 10 A Proposal for the Distribution of Medicines and Medical Equipment in Mexico 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Methodology 10.2.1 Distribution of Goods 10.3 Results 10.3.1 Case Study 10.3.2 Scenarios 10.3.3 Assignment of Hospital Service Centers to Intermediate Deposits or Central Warehouse 10.3.4 Application of the Clarke and Wright Heuristic 10.4 Analysis of Results 10.5 Conclusions and Recommendations Annex References 11 Optimization of the Distribution Process with a Multi-criteria Decision Model in the Poultry Industry 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Literature Review 11.2.1 Assessing the Main Process Under Study: Distribution Process in a Poultry Company 11.2.2 Assessing the Main Criteria for the Selection of Proposed Solutions: Key Performance Indicators in Agri-Food Supply Chains 11.2.3 Assessing the Implication of a Multi-criteria Analytical Model for Decision Making: Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) 11.3 Methodology 11.3.1 Phase 1—Description of Optimal Situation and Objectives and Description of Case Study 11.3.2 Phase 2—Qualitative Analysis 11.3.3 Phase 3—Proposition of Possible Solutions Based on the Critical Causes 11.3.4 Phase 4—Performing Analytical Hierarchy Process 11.4 Results 11.4.1 Phase 1—Description of Optimal Situation, Objectives and Description of Case Study: Analysis 11.4.2 Qualitative Analysis: Second Order Causality: Issue Tree and Objectives 11.4.3 Proposition of Possible Solutions Based on the Critical Causes 11.4.4 Execution of the Analytical Hierarchy Process 11.5 Conclusions References 12 Geolocation for Tracing the Optimal Route for Claims Attention of Dairy Products 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Case Study: Analysis 12.2.1 General Analysis 12.2.2 Supply Chain Analysis 12.3 Identification of the Problem 12.4 Methodology 12.5 Results 12.6 Results and Discussion 12.7 Conclusions and Recommendations References 13 Diagnosis and Improvement of Processes for a Distribution Center in a Mass Production Company 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Diagnosis of the Current Situation 13.2.1 Recognition, Description, and BPMN 13.2.2 Obtaining and Analyzing the Parameters 13.2.3 Design and Analysis of the Simulation Model 13.2.4 Improved Process Proposal 13.3 Conclusion and Recommendations References 14 Vulnerable Regions Distribution of Packed Fresh Food Using Mobile Markets 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Literature Review 14.3 Methodology 14.4 Case Study: The Distribution of Fresh Food Kits Through Mobile Markets in Cochabamba 14.4.1 Phase 1: Area Characterization 14.4.2 Phase 2: Product Design 14.4.3 Phase 3: Distribution Network Design 14.5 Conclusions and Future Research 14.5.1 Conclusions 14.5.2 Future Research References Part IV Miscellaneous in the Supply Chain 15 Towards the Development of Sustainable Supply Chains for the End-of-Life Tires Management: Insights from a Literature Approach 15.1 Introduction 15.2 Pyrolysis in Supply Chain Design for ELT Valorization 15.2.1 Descriptive Analysis 15.3 Supply Chain Design for ELT Treatment 15.3.1 Descriptive Analysis 15.4 Conclusions Appendix 1: Summary of the Publications Reviewed According to Network Structure, Uncertainty References 16 Battery Recovery Supply Chain Design. A Literature Review 16.1 Introduction 16.2 Methodology and Data Selection 16.3 Results 16.4 Conclusions References 17 Urban Logistic Analysis in the Commercial Area and Proposal of a Policy for Loading and Unloading of Goods in Popayán City 17.1 Introduction 17.1.1 Literature Review 17.1.2 Urban Logistics 17.1.3 Use of the km2 Methodology for the Analysis of Urban Logistics 17.1.4 Optimization of Transport by Discrete Event Simulation 17.2 Methods and Procedures 17.2.1 Phase 1: Cluster Analysis 17.2.2 Phase 2: Characterization of One Square Kilometer 17.2.3 Phase 3: Discrete Event Simulation 17.3 Results 17.3.1 Phase 1: Characterization of the Study Area 17.3.2 Phase 2. Application of the km2 Methodology 17.3.3 Phase 3—Simulation of Discrete Events 17.3.4 Construction of the Conceptual Model 17.3.5 Data Analysis 17.3.6 Model Construction 17.3.7 Analysis of Simulation Model Results 17.3.8 Vehicle Dwell Time in the System 17.3.9 Vehicle Content Versus Time 17.4 Conclusions and Future Research References 18 Characterization of Hydrogen Supply Chain Design 18.1 Introduction 18.1.1 Primary Energy Sources (Feedstock) 18.1.2 Production 18.1.3 Steam Methane Reforming (SMR) 18.1.4 Pyrolysis 18.1.5 Gasification 18.1.6 Water Electrolysis 18.1.7 Terminal Facilities 18.1.8 Storage Facilities 18.1.9 Transportation Methods 18.1.10 Fueling Stations 18.2 Characterization of the Global HSC 18.3 Characterization of the HSC in Colombia and Its Future Potential 18.4 Problem Types and Modeling Techniques 18.5 Solution Methods 18.5.1 Exact Methods 18.5.2 Heuristic and Metaheuristic Methods 18.5.3 Simulations 18.6 Future Research in HSC Design References 19 Towards Cybersecure Maritime Supply Chains in Latin America and the Caribbean 19.1 Introduction 19.2 Cyberthreats, Vulnerabilities and Risks in Maritime Supply Chain Operations 19.3 Development of Cyber Security Capabilities for Maritime Supply Chains in the LAC Region 19.3.1 Oxford's Cybersecurity Capacity Maturity Model for Nations 19.3.2 Strategic, Political and Institutional Cybersecurity Capabilities for LAC's Maritime Industry 19.3.3 Operational Cybersecurity Capabilities for Maritime Supply Chains in the LAC Region 19.3.4 State of Cybersecurity Capabilities in Maritime Supply Chain Operations in the LAC Region 19.4 Cybersecurity Policy and Strategy 19.5 Legal and Regulatory Frameworks 19.6 Standards, Organizations and Technologies 19.7 Discussion 19.7.1 Prospects for Cyberstrategy and Policy in the LAC Region 19.7.2 Recommendation of Good Practices for Cyber Secure Operations in LAC Maritime Supply Chains 19.8 Conclusions References 20 Strategy in Supply Chain and Logistic Ecosystems in Megaregion Sonora-Arizona 20.1 Introduction 20.2 Literature Review 20.3 Method 20.3.1 Object Under Study 20.3.2 Materials 20.3.3 Procedure 20.4 Results 20.4.1 Level 1 Project Presentations for the Logistics and Commerce Discussion Table 20.4.2 Digital Tools and Software 20.4.3 Logistics Costs and Technological Solutions 20.4.4 Proposal Presentations Facing COVID-19 Pandemics and Post-pandemic 20.4.5 Project Selection to Integrate Logistics Ecosystems 20.4.6 Anchoring Projects by Generating Interest on the Part of Agencies or Institutions 20.5 Conclusions References