Global pandemic threats : a reference handbook

Description

Books in the Contemporary World Issues series address vital issues in today’s society such as genetic engineering, pollution, and biodiversity. Written by professional writers, scholars, and nonacademic experts, these books are authoritative, clearly written, up-to-date, and objective. Th ey provide a good starting point for research by high school and college students, scholars, and general readers as well as by legislators, businesspeople, activists, and others. Each book, carefully organized and easy to use, contains an overview of the subject, a detailed chronology, biographical sketches, facts and data, and/or documents and other primary source material, a forum of authoritative perspective essays, annotated lists of print and nonprint resources, and an index. Readers of books in the Contemporary World Issues series will fi nd the information they need in order to have a better understanding of the social, political, environmental, and economic issues facing the world today. Cover......Page 1 Half Title......Page 2 Title......Page 6 Copyright......Page 7 Contents......Page 8 Preface......Page 18 Introduction......Page 24 Notable Epidemic/Pandemic Diseases of the Past......Page 28 Yellow Fever......Page 29 Smallpox......Page 32 Cholera......Page 38 Plague......Page 51 Influenza......Page 58 Trachoma......Page 68 Germ Theory and Medical Science Developments to Cope with Pandemics......Page 70 The Pandemics of the 20th Century......Page 76 Conclusion......Page 78 References......Page 79 Introduction......Page 86 The Inevitability of a Future Pandemic......Page 87 Political Exigencies Tend to Trump Medical Advice......Page 98 While Preventive Medicine is Best, It Is Too Often Ignored......Page 99 Mission Complexity Hampers Effective Response......Page 101 As Man Adapts to Nature, Nature Adapts to Man......Page 105 Humankind Is Its Own Enemy......Page 109 The Special Threat of Bioterrorism......Page 112 The Need for an Early Warning System in a Complex, Interconnected World......Page 115 Establishing International Cooperation to Face a Global Threat......Page 118 The Need for Elaborate International and National Planning......Page 122 The Antivaccination Movement......Page 125 Large-Scale Urbanization Spreads Disease......Page 126 The Need for Clinical Trial Speedups......Page 127 The Need for Pandemic Preparedness......Page 128 Solutions......Page 129 Conclusion......Page 130 References......Page 132 Perspectives on HIV/AIDS Pandemic in the United States, South Africa, and Sri Lanka: Liesl Nydegger......Page 138 "Quick Response" Deployment Assists Ebola Crisis Humanitarian Mission: As told to the author by Staff Sergeant Jose Marquez and Specialist Rion McWilliams, U.S. Army......Page 145 Fighting Measles at the Grassroots Level: Lions Clubs International Foundation......Page 150 Samaritan's Purse International Relief Medical Responses: Haiti, Philippines, and Ebola: Bev Kauffeldt, Linda M. Mobula, and Lance Plyler......Page 155 Dengue Fever: Amanda Naprawa......Page 160 Vaccines Are the Key to Preventing Global Disease Pandemics: Angela Quinn......Page 166 How to End a Disease: The Global Polio Eradication Initiative: John Hewko......Page 174 Air Travel and Aedes Mosquito-borne Diseases: Sahotra Sarkar......Page 181 Anthony Banbury (1964– )......Page 188 Emil von Behring (1854–1917)......Page 189 Seth Berkley (1956– )......Page 190 Larry Brilliant......Page 191 John S. Brownstein......Page 192 Albert Calmette (1863–1933)......Page 193 Ernst Chain (1906–1979)......Page 194 Nancy Cox......Page 195 John Franklin Enders (1897–1985)......Page 196 Paul Farmer (1959– )......Page 197 Howard Florey (1898–1968)......Page 198 Tom Frieden (1960– )......Page 199 Keiji Fukuda......Page 200 Camille Guerin (1872–1961)......Page 201 Alan Hay......Page 202 Donald A. Henderson (1928– )......Page 203 Maurice Hilleman (1919–2005)......Page 204 Edward Jenner (1749–1823)......Page 205 Kamran Khan......Page 206 Robert Koch (1843–1910)......Page 207 Joseph Lister (1827–1912)......Page 208 Vivek H. Murthy......Page 209 Michael Osterholm......Page 210 Peter Piot (1949– )......Page 211 Ludwick Rajchman (1881–1965)......Page 212 Walter Reed (1851–1902)......Page 213 Frederick C. Robbins (1916–2003)......Page 214 Albert Sabin (1906–1993)......Page 215 Jonas Salk (1915–1995)......Page 216 Sahotra Sarkar (1962– )......Page 217 George Miller Sternberg (1838–1915)......Page 218 Jeffrey Taubenberger (1961– )......Page 219 Thomas H. Weller (1915–2008)......Page 220 Nathan Wolfe......Page 221 Michael Worobey......Page 222 Raymond Zilinskas......Page 223 Agency for Toxic Substance and Disease Registry (ATSDR)......Page 224 Association of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (Canada)......Page 225 Center for Biologics Evaluative Research......Page 226 Center for Emerging Zoonotic and Infectious Diseases (at the CDC)......Page 227 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)......Page 228 Eco Health Alliance......Page 229 Food and Drug Administration (FDA)......Page 230 Health Alert Network......Page 231 Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) International......Page 232 National Institutes of Health......Page 233 Partners in Health......Page 234 Rotary International (PolioPlus)......Page 235 Society for General Microbiology......Page 236 UN International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF)......Page 237 United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases......Page 238 World Federation of Public Health Associations......Page 239 Table 5.1: Timetable of the 2014 Ebola Pandemic......Page 242 Table 5.2: The Nine Deadliest Viruses......Page 244 Table 5.3: Chronology of U.S. Legislation Regarding USMHS/PHS......Page 245 Table 5.5: Ebola Outbreaks in West Africa......Page 247 Table 5.6: Major Epidemics in U.S. History......Page 248 Table 5.8: Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers and Antibiotic Resistance......Page 250 Table 5.9: Surgeon Generals of the United States Public Health Service......Page 251 Table 5.10: Emerging Pathogens Worldwide, 1930 to Present......Page 252 Table 5.11: Critical Pathogen Agents......Page 254 Table 5.12: Timeline of the Pioneers of Vaccines......Page 255 Map 5.1: Zika Outbreak, 2015–2016......Page 257 Figure 5.1 Ebola......Page 258 Figure 5.2 The 1918 Influenza Pandemic......Page 259 Figure 5.3 The Scope and Impact of HIV/AIDS in the United States......Page 260 Letter from Lady Montagu Regarding Inoculation against Smallpox (1717)......Page 261 Newspaper Article on a Smallpox Outbreak in New York City (1731)......Page 263 The Scourge of Yellow Fever, Philadelphia (1793)......Page 264 Winfield Scott on the Cholera Epidemic during the Black Hawk War (1832)......Page 267 Raphael Semmes's Account of an Epidemic aboard Ship during the Mexican War (1851)......Page 269 Massachusetts Law Requiring Vaccination of School Children (1855)......Page 272 Act of March 3, 1891, Allowing Medical Exams by the USMHS......Page 273 Walter Reed and the Eradication of Yellow Fever......Page 275 Excerpts from Jacobson v. Massachusetts (1905)......Page 277 Excerpts from Clara Barton's Article on Yellow Fever in Cuba (1912)......Page 288 Charter of the World Health Organization (1946)......Page 290 The WHO's Global Immunization Vision and Strategy Program (2006)......Page 294 Books......Page 298 Scholarly Journals......Page 327 Films......Page 337 Videos......Page 338 7 CHRONOLOGY......Page 348 Glossary......Page 354 Index......Page 368 About the Author......Page 386