Multivariate Analysis of Ecological Data with ade4

Description

This book introduces the ade4 package for R which provides multivariate methods for the analysis of ecological data. It is implemented around the mathematical concept of the duality diagram, and provides a unified framework for multivariate analysis. The authors offer a detailed presentation of the theoretical framework of the duality diagram and also of its application to real-world ecological problems. These two goals may seem contradictory, as they concern two separate groups of scientists, namely statisticians and ecologists. However, statistical ecology has become a scientific discipline of its own, and the good use of multivariate data analysis methods by ecologists implies a fair knowledge of the mathematical properties of these methods. The organization of the book is based on ecological questions, but these questions correspond to particular classes of data analysis methods. The first chapters present both usual and multiway data analysis methods. Further chapters are dedicated for example to the analysis of spatial data, of phylogenetic structures, and of biodiversity patterns. One chapter deals with multivariate data analysis graphs. In each chapter, the basic mathematical definitions of the methods and the outputs of the R functions available in ade4 are detailed in two different boxes. The text of the book itself can be read independently from these boxes. Thus the book offers the opportunity to find information about the ecological situation from which a question raises alongside the mathematical properties of methods that can be applied to answer this question, as well as the details of software outputs. Each example and all the graphs in this book come with executable R code. Front Matter ....Pages i-xi Introduction (Jean Thioulouse, Stéphane Dray, Anne-Béatrice Dufour, Aurélie Siberchicot, Thibaut Jombart, Sandrine Pavoine)....Pages 1-12 Useful R Functions and Data Structures (Jean Thioulouse, Stéphane Dray, Anne-Béatrice Dufour, Aurélie Siberchicot, Thibaut Jombart, Sandrine Pavoine)....Pages 13-28 The dudi Class (Jean Thioulouse, Stéphane Dray, Anne-Béatrice Dufour, Aurélie Siberchicot, Thibaut Jombart, Sandrine Pavoine)....Pages 29-51 Multivariate Analysis Graphs (Jean Thioulouse, Stéphane Dray, Anne-Béatrice Dufour, Aurélie Siberchicot, Thibaut Jombart, Sandrine Pavoine)....Pages 53-76 Description of Environmental Variables Structures (Jean Thioulouse, Stéphane Dray, Anne-Béatrice Dufour, Aurélie Siberchicot, Thibaut Jombart, Sandrine Pavoine)....Pages 77-96 Description of Species Structures (Jean Thioulouse, Stéphane Dray, Anne-Béatrice Dufour, Aurélie Siberchicot, Thibaut Jombart, Sandrine Pavoine)....Pages 97-117 Taking into Account Groups of Sites (Jean Thioulouse, Stéphane Dray, Anne-Béatrice Dufour, Aurélie Siberchicot, Thibaut Jombart, Sandrine Pavoine)....Pages 119-140 Description of Species-Environment Relationships (Jean Thioulouse, Stéphane Dray, Anne-Béatrice Dufour, Aurélie Siberchicot, Thibaut Jombart, Sandrine Pavoine)....Pages 141-166 Analysing Changes in Structures (Jean Thioulouse, Stéphane Dray, Anne-Béatrice Dufour, Aurélie Siberchicot, Thibaut Jombart, Sandrine Pavoine)....Pages 167-204 Analysing Changes in Co-structures (Jean Thioulouse, Stéphane Dray, Anne-Béatrice Dufour, Aurélie Siberchicot, Thibaut Jombart, Sandrine Pavoine)....Pages 205-222 Relating Species Traits to Environment (Jean Thioulouse, Stéphane Dray, Anne-Béatrice Dufour, Aurélie Siberchicot, Thibaut Jombart, Sandrine Pavoine)....Pages 223-237 Analysing Spatial Structures (Jean Thioulouse, Stéphane Dray, Anne-Béatrice Dufour, Aurélie Siberchicot, Thibaut Jombart, Sandrine Pavoine)....Pages 239-260 Analysing Phylogenetic Structures (Jean Thioulouse, Stéphane Dray, Anne-Béatrice Dufour, Aurélie Siberchicot, Thibaut Jombart, Sandrine Pavoine)....Pages 261-280 Analysing Patterns of Biodiversity (Jean Thioulouse, Stéphane Dray, Anne-Béatrice Dufour, Aurélie Siberchicot, Thibaut Jombart, Sandrine Pavoine)....Pages 281-294 Back Matter ....Pages 295-329