Essentials of Chinese Medicine

Description

The Essentials of Chinese Medicine is a text book intended for international students who wish to gain a basic understanding of Chinese Medicine (CM) at the university level. The idea of writing such a text was originated from the Sino-American Consortium for the Advancement of Chinese Medicine (SACACM), which was founded in February 2000. In 1995, the British Hong Kong Administration set up a Preparatory Committee for the Development of Chinese Medicine to look into ways of bringing Chinese medical practice and herbal trade under proper control and r- ulation. After the reuni?cation of Hong Kong with mainland China in 1997, the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region continued the efforts to uplift the practice of CM to a fully professional level through legislation. To help bring up a new generation of professional CM practitioners, the Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU) obtained approval from the Government’s univ- sity funding authority to develop a School of Chinese Medicine to prepare students who will meet the future professional requirements through public examinations. In order to establish itself quickly as a rigorous provider of university level CM education, HKBU sought alliance with eight major CM universities in the Chinese Mainland, and one US university which was interested in developing CM edu- tion within its medical college. As a result, the Consortium known as SACACM was formed, with ten founding institutions from Beijing, Shanghai, Nanjing, Sh- dong, Guangzhou, Chengdu, Heilongjiang, Hong Kong, and the United States. Essentials of Chinese Medicine Essentials of Chinese Medicine: Volume 1 ISBN 9781848821118 Foreword Preface Acknowledgements Note on Organization of Volume 1 Contents I Contributors Part I: Basic Theories of Chinese Medicine 1 Formation of the Chinese Medicine Theoretical System and Its Philosophical Basis Section 1 Formation and Development of Chinese Medical Theory I Initial Formation of the CM Theoretical System II Development and Enhancement of CM Theoretical System Section 2 Philosophical Basis of Chinese Medicine I Unity of Qi 1 Concept of Qi and Its Main Contents 2 Features of Qi Transformation II Theory of Yin–Yang 1 Pervasiveness and Changeability of Yin–Yang 2 Basic Contents of Yin–Yang Theory i Opposition and Restraint Between Yin and Yang ii Mutual Dependence and Support Between Yin and Yang iii Equilibrium and Waning–Waxing of Yin–Yang iv Mutual Transformation of Yin and Yang 3 Application of Yin–Yang Theory in CM i The Structure of the Body ii Physiological Functions of Body iii Pathological Changes of Body iv Clinical Diagnostics v Clinical Treatment and Herbal Therapeutics III Theory of Five Elements 1 Basic Concept of Five Elements 2 Basic Contents of Theory of Five Elements i Characteristics of the Five Elements ii Classification of Things by the Five Elements iii Relationships of Generation and of Restraint among Five Elements iv Over-Restraint and Counter-Restraint Among Five Elements 3 Application of Theory of Five Elements in CM i Organization of Human Body and Natural Environment into Five Systems ii Physiological Functions and Interrelationships among Zang Viscera iii Pathology and Mutual Influence of Zang Viscera iv Guiding Diagnosis v Guiding Treatment Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review 2 Chinese Medicine Methodology Section 1 View of Life in CM I Essence is the Basis of Life II Union of Body and Vitality III Vital Qi Connecting with Universe Section 2 Concept of Illness in CM I Illness Can Be Studied II Functional Imbalance III Struggle of Genuine-Qi and Evil-Qi Section 3 Holism in CM I Human Body as Organic Whole II Unity of Human Body and Universe III Unity of the Human Body and Social Circumstances Section 4 Inquiry Methodology in CM I Holistic Systemic Method II Classification by Analogy III Inferring the Interior from the Exterior Section 5 Symptom Analysis in CM I Treatment Selection Based on Symptom Analysis II Treating Same Illness with Different Methods and Treating Different Illnesses with Same Method Section 6 Health Preservation in CM I Correspondence between Human Body and Nature; Conforming to Nature II Preserving Both Body and Vitality; Nurturing Zang–Fu Functions III Activity and Quiescence Guidance for Study I Aims of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review 3 Structure and Functions of the Human Body Section 1 Visceral Manifestation Theory I Formation of Visceral Manifestation Theory II Characteristics of Visceral Manifestation Theory Section 2 Zang Viscera I Heart (Including Pericardium) 1 Physiological Functions of Heart i Governor of Blood and Governor of Blood Vessels ii Governor of Mind 2 Relationship of Heart to Other Organs and Tissues i Governance of Blood Vessels Manifests in Face ii Opening Orifice in Tongue Appendix: Pericardium II Lung 1 Physiological Functions of Lung i Regulation of Qi ii Confluence of All Vessels; Assisting Heart to Circulate Blood iii Dispersion; Depuration; Unclogging Water Pathways 2 Relationship of Lung to Other Organs and Tissues i Association with Skin and Hair ii Opening in Nose 3 Throat as Gateway for Lung III Spleen 1 Physiological Functions of Spleen i Transportation and Transformation ii Raising of the Clear iii Commanding Blood Flow 2 Relationship of Spleen to Other Organs and Tissues i Controlling Muscles and Limbs ii Opening into Mouth; Outward Manifestation in Lips IV Liver 1 Physiological Functions of Liver i Storage of Blood ii Conducting and Facilitating 2 Relationship of Liver to Other Organs and Tissues i Tendons; Outward Manifestation in Nails ii Opening into Eyes V Kidney (Including the Vital Gate) 1 Physiological Functions of Kidney i Storing Essence ii Governing Water–Fluid Metabolism iii Acceptance of Qi 2 Relationship of Kidney to Other Organs and Tissues i Controlling Bones; Engendering Marrow and Connecting with Brain ii Outward Manifestation in Hair iii Opening in Ears and Two Yin-Orifices Appendix: The Vital Gate Section 3 Fu Viscera and Irregular Organs I Fu Viscera 1 Gallbladder i Storing and Excreting Bile; Aiding Digestion ii Ability to Decide; Courage 2 Stomach i Receiving and Decomposing Drink and Food ii Descending Transportation 3 Small Intestine i Reception and Absorption ii Separating the Clear from the Turbid 4 Large Intestine 5 Urinary Bladder 6 Sanjiao i Pathway for Genuine Qi ii Controlling Qi Transformation iii Passage for Water–Fluids iv Sectional Division of the Body II Irregular Organs 1 Brain i Mental Activities ii Sensory Perception 2 Uterus i Menses ii Gestating Fetus Appendix: Sperm Chamber Section 4 Relationships between the Zang and Fu Viscera I Relationships among Zang Viscera 1 Heart and Lung i Qi Aids Flow of Blood ii Blood Transports Qi 2 Heart and Spleen i Formation of Blood ii Circulation of Blood 3 Heart and Liver i Blood Circulation ii Mental and Emotional Activities 4 Heart and Kidney 5 Spleen and Lung i Qi Formation ii Water Metabolism 6 Lung and Liver 7 Lung and Kidney i Respiration ii Water Metabolism 8 Liver and Spleen i Digestion of Food ii Circulation of Blood 9 Liver and Kidney i Common Source of Essence and Blood ii Mutual Nourishment of Liver-Yin and Kidney-Yin 10 Spleen and Kidney II Relationships between Zang and Fu Viscera 1 Heart and Small Intestine 2 Lung and Large Intestine 3 Spleen and Stomach i Digestion, Transportation and Transformation ii Raising and Lowering iii Dryness and Dampness 4 Liver and Gallbladder 5 Kidney and Urinary Bladder III Relationships among Fu Viscera Guidance for Study I Aims of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review 4 Basic Substances of Vital Activities Section 1 Qi I Concept of Qi II Formation of Qi III Physiological Actions of Qi 1 Promoting Action 2 Warming Action 3 Defending Action 4 Stabilizing Action 5 Transforming Action IV Patterns of Qi Movement V Classification and Distribution of Qi 1 Genuine Qi i Formation and Distribution ii Physiological Actions 2 Thoracic Qi i Formation and Distribution ii Physiological Actions 3 Nutritive Qi i Formation and Distribution ii Physiological Actions 4 Defensive Qi i Formation and Distribution ii Physiological Actions iii Comparison with Nutritive Qi 5 Summary Section 2 Blood I Basic Concept of Blood II Formation of Blood 1 Food Essence 2 Kidney-Essence III Physiological Actions IV Blood Circulation Section 3 Body Fluids I Basic Concept of Body Fluids II Formation, Distribution and Excretion of Body Fluids 1 Formation of Body Fluids 2 Distribution and Excretion of Body Fluids III Physiological Actions of Body Fluids 1 Moistening–Nourishing Action 2 Component of Blood Section 4 Relationship Among Qi, Blood and Body Fluids I Relationship between Qi and Blood 1 Actions of Qi on Blood i Promoting Blood Production ii Powering Blood Circulation iii Stabilizing Blood Flow 2 Actions of Blood on Qi II Relationship between Qi and Body Fluids 1 Actions of Qi on Body Fluids i Promoting Fluid Production ii Powering Fluid Movement iii Stabilizing Fluid Movement 2 Action of Body Fluids on Qi III Relationship between Blood and Body Fluid Section 5 Transformation of Qi I Basic Concept of Qi Transformation II Motive Force for Qi Transformation 1 Kidney’s Primordial Yang as Source of Motive Force 2 Motive Force for Qi Transformation Is in Qi Itself III Dynamics of Qi Transformation IV Main Patterns of Qi Transformation 1 Influence of Spleen and Stomach on Qi Transformation 2 Influence of Lung and Liver on Qi Transformation 3 Influence of Heart and Kidney on Qi Transformation 4 Transformation of Sanjiao-Qi Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review 5 Etiology in Chinese Medicine Section 1 External Causes of Illness I Climatic Pathogenic Evils 1 Introduction 2 Nature and Pathogenic Characteristics of Climatic Pathogenic Evils i Wind ii Cold iii Summer Heat iv Dampness v Dryness vi Fire II Pestilential Pathogenic Evils Section 2 Internal Causes of Illness I Passions as Causes of Illness 1 Relationship Between Passions and Qi-Blood of Zang–Fu Viscera 2 Characteristics of Passions i Direct Injury of Zang–Fu Viscera ii Effects on the Activities of Qi of Zang–Fu Viscera iii Effect on the Courses of Illnesses II Diet, Maladjustment of Work and Rest 1 Impairment due to Improper Diet i Unregulated Intake ii Contaminated Food and Drink iii Unusual Cravings and Imbalance 2 Maladjustment of Work and Rest i Over-Exertion ii Excessive Rest Section 3 Other Causes of Illness I Traumatic Injuries II Pathological Products That Lead to Illnesses 1 Phlegm i Formation of Phlegm ii Characteristics of Phlegm Disorders iii Variety of Phlegm Diseases 2 Rheum 3 Blood Stasis i Formation of Blood Stasis ii Characteristics of Static Blood-Induced Conditions 4 Stones i Formation of Stones ii Characteristics of Stone-Induced Disorders III The Five Endogenous Pathogenic Evils 1 Endogenous Wind i Liver-Yang Transforming intoWind ii Extreme Heat Generating Wind iii Yin Deficiency Stirring Wind iv Blood Deficiency Generating Wind 2 Endogenous Cold i Yang Decline and Yin Ascendancy ii Debility of Yang-Qi 3 Endogenous Dampness 4 Endogenous Dryness 5 Endogenous Fire i Overabundant Yang Transforming into Fire ii Accumulated Evils Transforming into Fire iii Passions Transforming into Fire iv Yin Deficiency Generating Heat Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review 6 Pathology in Chinese Medicine Section 1 Pathogenesis I Relationship between the Genuine Qi and the Evil Qi to Pathogenesis 1 Deficiency of Genuine Qi Is the Basis of Pathogenesis 2 Evil Qi Is Required to Cause Disease II Internal and External Environment and Pathogenesis 1 Constitution 2 Psychological State 3 Living Circumstances 4 Nutrition and Sports III Transmission of Illnesses 1 Exterior–Interior Transmission 2 Up–Down Transmission 3 Transmission Among Zang–Fu Viscera i Zang–Zang Transmission ii Zang–Fu Transmission iii Fu–Fu Transmission Section 2 Mechanisms of Pathological Change I Rise and Fall of Evil Qi and Genuine Qi 1 Deficiency and Strength 2 Progression and Outcome of Illness i Evil Qi Retreats as Genuine Qi Prevails ii Prevalence of Evil Qi Damages Genuine Qi iii Deficient Genuine Qi Unable to Eliminate Evil Qi II Imbalance of Yin–Yang 1 Yin or Yang Excess i Excess of Yang ii Excess of Yin 2 Yin or Yang Deficiency i Yang Deficiency ii Yin Deficiency 3 Mutual Injury to Yin and Yang i Yin Deficiency Extending to Yang ii Yang Deficiency Extending to Yin 4 Mutual Repellency of Yin and Yang i Excessive Yin Repelling Yang ii Excessive Yang Repelling Yin 5 Depletion of Yang or Yin i Yang Depletion ii Yin Depletion III Disturbance of Qi and Blood 1 Disturbance of Qi i Deficiency of Qi ii Disturbance of Qi Activity 2 Disturbance of Blood i Blood Insufficiency ii Blood Stasis iii Overheating of Blood iv Hemorrhage 3 Disharmony of Qi and Blood i Qi Stagnation and Blood Stasis ii Blood Stasis due to Qi Deficiency iii Failure of Qi to Control Blood iv Qi Collapse Following Massive Bleeding v Deficiency of Both Qi and Blood IV Abnormal Metabolism of Body Fluids 1 Insufficiency of Body Fluids 2 Impeded Distribution and Excretion of Body Fluids i Blockage by Viscid Dampness ii Fluid Retention iii Accumulation and Phlegm and Rheum 3 Disturbance of Relationship Among Fluids, Qi and Blood i Retained Water Obstructing Qi ii Qi Collapse from Fluid Loss iii Drying of Blood from Depletion of Fluids iv Blood Stasis due to Fluid Deficiency Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review Part II: Diagnostic Methods and the Therapeutic Principles of Chinese Medicine 7 Approach to Chinese Medical Diagnosis Section 1 Diagnostic Approach in CM I Four Methods of Diagnosis II Symptom Analysis and Differential Diagnosis Section 2 Principles of Diagnosis in CM I Approaching Patient Holistically II Comprehensive Analysis of All Symptoms III Diagnosis by Symptom Analysis and Differential Diagnosis Guidance for Study I Aims of Study II Objectives of Study 8 Diagnostic Methods Section 1 Inspection I Mental Status II Skin Color 1 Characteristics of Normal Skin Color 2 Characteristics of Abnormal Skin Color 3 Diagnostic Significance of Colors i Blue ii Red iii Yellow iv White (or Pallor) v Black III General Appearance 1 Robustness or Weakness 2 Obesity or Thinness IV Tongue 1 Basic Tongue Diagnosis 2 Contents of Tongue Diagnosis i Tongue Coating ii Body of Tongue 3 Clinical Significance i State of Genuine Qi ii Location and Severity of Illness iii Nature of Causative Factors iv Progression and Regression of Illness v Prognosis V Skin 1 Macular Rash i Yang Macular Rash ii Yin Macular Rash 2 Papular Rash i Measles ii Rubella iii Urticaria 3 Chickenpox 4 Miliaria 5 Spider Angioma 6 Scaling 7 Erosion 8 Ulceration 9 Eczema 10 Fissures 11 Abscesses, Nodules, Furuncles, Folliculitis i Abscess ii Subcutaneous Nodules iii Furuncles iv Folliculitis VI Inspection of Infant’s Finger Venules VII Excretions and Secretions 1 Vomitus 2 Sputum 3 Nasal Discharge 4 Saliva 5 Spittle Section 2 Auscultation and Olfaction I Auscultation 1 Voice 2 Respiratory Sounds 3 Cough II Olfaction Section 3 Pulse-Taking and Palpation I Pulse-Taking 1 Formation of Pulse 2 Clinical Significance of Pulse-Taking 3 Location of Pulse-Taking 4 Pulse-Taking Technique i Time ii Patient Posture iii Palpating the Pulse 5 Normal Pulse 6 Abnormal Pulses i Pulses of Abnormal Location ii Pulses of Abnormal Rate iii Pulses of Abnormal Rhythm iv Pulses of Abnormal Volume v Pulses of Abnormal Force II Palpation 1 Palpation of the Skin 2 Palpating the Anterior Fontanelle 3 Palpating the Neck 4 Palpating the Chest and Flanks i Apex of the Heart ii Breast iii Palpating the Flanks 5 Palpating the Abdomen 6 Palpating Shu Acupoints Section 4 Inquiring I General Approach and Points of Attention II Contents of Inquiring 1 General Data 2 Chief Complaint 3 Present Illness i Onset of Illness ii Characteristics of Main Symptoms iii Concomitant Symptoms iv Course of Illness v Previous Diagnosis and Treatment 4 Past History 5 Personal Lifestyle and Preferences 6 Family History III Clinical Significance of Some Common Symptoms 1 Chills and Fever i Cold-Aversion and Cold-Intolerance ii Fever and Feverishness iii Alternating Chills and Fever 2 Pain i Quality of Pain ii Location of Pain 3 Perspiration i Absence of Sweat ii Sweating in Exterior Illnesses iii Sweating in Interior Illnesses 4 Diet 5 Defecation i Constipation ii Diarrhea 6 Urination and Urine 7 Sleep 8 Common Symptoms in Internal Medicine i Vertigo ii Head Distention iii Palpitation of the Heart iv Restlessness v Chest Tightness vi Cough vii (Right) Flank Distention viii Abdominal Distention ix Borborygmus x Edema xi Hematemesis xii Hematochezia xiii Hematuria xiv Impotence xv Spermatorrhea 9 Common Symptoms Specific to Women i Main Disturbances of Menstruation ii Vaginal Discharge iii Some Common Symptoms in Pregnancy iv Main Post-partum Symptoms 10 Common Symptoms of Sense Organs i Ear ii Eye iii Nose iv Oral Cavity Guidance for Study I Aims of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review 9 Differential Diagnosis Section 1 Diagnosis by Eight Fundamentals I Diagnosis of Exterior–Interior 1 Exterior Syndrome 2 Interior Syndrome II Diagnosis of Cold–Heat 1 Cold Syndromes 2 Heat Syndromes 3 True and False Cold–Heat Syndromes III Diagnosis of Deficiency–Strength 1 Deficiency Syndromes 2 Strength Syndromes IV Diagnosis of Yin–Yang Syndromes 1 Yin–Yang Syndromes 2 Yin–Yang Deficiency Syndromes 3 Yin–Yang Depletion Syndromes Section 2 Diagnosis by Qi and Blood I Qi Syndromes 1 Qi Deficiency 2 QiSinking 3 Abnormal Qi Movement 4 Qi Stagnation II Blood Syndromes 1 Blood Insufficiency 2 Blood Stasis 3 Heat in Blood 4 Cold in Blood III Simultaneous Qi and Blood Syndromes 1 Qi Stagnation and Blood Stasis 2 Deficiency of Both Qi and Blood 3 Qi Deficiency with Bleeding 4 Massive Blood Loss with Qi Depletion Section 3 Diagnosis by Visceral Organs I Heart Illnesses 1 Deficiency of Heart-Qi 2 Deficiency of Heart-Yang 3 Insufficiency of Heart-Blood 4 Deficiency of Heart-Yin 5 Blazing of Heart-Fire 6 Blockage of Heart Meridians 7 Phlegm Clogging Heart Orifices 8 Phlegm-Fire Disturbing Heart II Lung Illnesses 1 Deficiency of Lung-Qi 2 Deficiency of Lung-Yin 3 Wind-Cold Binding Lung 4 Wind-Heat Invading Lung 5 Heat Accumulation in Lung 6 Phlegm-Dampness Obstructing Lung III Spleen Illnesses 1 Deficiency of Spleen-Qi 2 Deficiency of Spleen-Yang 3 Sinking of Middle-Qi 4 Spleen Not Controlling Blood 5 Cold-Dampness Encumbering Spleen 6 Dampness-Heat Lodging in Spleen IV Liver Illnesses 1 Stagnation of Liver-Qi 2 Upward Flaming of Liver-Fire 3 Insufficiency of Liver-Blood 4 Deficiency of Liver-Yin 5 Abnormal Rise of Liver-Yang 6 Liver-Wind Stirring in Interior 7 Cold Congealing Liver Meridians 8 Dampness-Heat in Liver Meridians V Kidney Illnesses 1 Deficiency of Kidney-Yang 2 Deficiency of Kidney-Yin 3 Deficiency of Kidney-Essence 4 Failure of Kidney-Qi to Solidify 5 Failure of Kidney to Accept Qi VI Stomach Illnesses 1 Deficiency of Stomach-Yin 2 Food Retention 3 ColdinStomach 4 HeatinStomach VII Gallbladder Illnesses VIII Large Intestine Illnesses 1 Dampness-Heat in Large Intestine 2 Fluid Deficiency in Large Intestine 3 Chronic Diarrhea in Large Intestine Insufficiency IX Small Intestine Illnesses X Urinary Bladder Illnesses Section 4 Diagnosis by Six Meridians I Taiyang Meridian 1 Taiyang Meridian 2 Taiyang Fu-Organ II Yangming Meridian III Shaoyang Meridian IV Taiyin Meridian V Shaoyin Meridian VI Jueyin Meridian Section 5 Diagnosis by Four Phases I Defensive Phase II Qi Phase III Nutritive Phase IV Blood Phase Section 6 Diagnosis by Sanjiao I Upper-Jiao Illness II Middle-Jiao Illness III Lower-Jiao Illness Guidance for Study I Aims of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review 10 Therapeutics Section 1 Principles of Therapeutics I Early Treatment to Prevent Progression of Illness 1 When Ill Prevent Complications 2 Secure Regions Not Affected by Illness 3 During Convalescence Prevent Complications II In Treatment Attack the Root of Illness 1 Treating Root and Treating Appearance i When Urgent Treat the Appearance ii When Not Urgent Treat the Root iii Simultaneous Treatment of Root and Appearance 2 Standard Treatment and Contrary Treatment i Standard Treatment ii Contrary Treatment iii Using Corrigent in Prescription 3 Supplemental Principles to “in Treatment Attacking the Root” i Support Genuine, Expel Evil ii Regulate Yin–Yang iii Regulate Qi and Blood iv Treat by Five Elements III Treatment in Accordance with Person, Local and Seasonal Conditions 1 Adjustment to Seasonal Conditions and Timing i Adjustment to Season and Weather ii Adjustment to Diurnal Cycle 2 Adjustment to Locale 3 Adjustment to Person i Age ii Gender iii Factors of Social Circumstances iv Bodily Constitution Section 2 Common Therapeutic Methods I Commonly-Used Eight Principle Methods 1 Diaphoresis (Exterior-Release) i Applications ii Comments, Cautions and Precautions 2 Emesis 3 Catharsis (Purgation) i Applications ii Comments, Cautions and Precautions 4 Mediation (Harmonization) i Applications ii Comments, Cautions and Precautions 5 Cooling (Heat-Clearing) i Applications ii Comments, Cautions and Precautions 6 Warming i Applications ii Comments, Cautions and Precautions 7 Dissipation (Reduction, Elimination) i Applications ii Comments, Cautions and Precautions 8 Restoration (Tonification) i Applications ii Comments, Cautions and Precautions II Other Methods of Treatment 1 Qi Regulation i Applications ii Comments, Cautions and Precautions 2 Blood Regulation i Applications ii Comments, Cautions and Precautions 3 Astringency (Consolidation) i Applications ii Comments, Cautions and Precautions 4 Orifice-Opening (Resuscitation) i Applications ii Comments, Cautions and Precautions 5 Anticonvulsant Therapy (Wind Suppression) i Applications ii Comments, Cautions and Precautions III Combinations of Methods 1 Diaphoresis and Catharsis 2 Cooling and Warming 3 Attack and Restoration 4 Dissipation and Restoration Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review 11 Health Preservation Section 1 Principles of Health Preservation I Conforming to Nature II Unity of Body and Mind III Activity and Quiescence Section 2 Common Methods of Health Preservation I Cultivation of Mind 1 Regulating Mind i Quiescence ii Physical Activity to Relax Mind iii Redirection and Purification iv Harmony with Seasons II Conserving Essence to Preserve Health 1 Self Restraint to Conserve Essence 2 Sexual Hygiene III Diet Regulation 1 Balancing the Five Flavors 2 Regular Times for Meals 3 Eating Clean and Bland Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review Essentials of Chinese Medicine: Volume 2 ISBN 9781848825925 Contents II Contributors Part I: Meridian, Acupncture and Moxibustion 1 Meridians: General Introduction Section 1 Introduction I Basic Concepts II Functions of Meridians 1 Physiology 2 Pathology 3 Diagnostics 4 Treatment 5 Prevention of Disease and Health Preservation Section 2 Composition of Meridian System I Twelve Main Meridians II Eight Irregular Meridians III Fifteen Collaterals IV Twelve Divergent Meridians V Twelve Muscle Meridians VI The 12 Cutaneous Regions Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review 2 Overview of Acupoints Section 1 Classification and Nomenclature of Acupoints I Classfication of Acupoints 1 Acupoints of the 14 Meridians 2 Extra-Meridian Acupoints 3 Ashi Acupoints II Nomenclature of Acupoints Section 2 Acupoints in Therapeutics I Local Treatment II Remote Treatment III Special and Specific Therapeutic Properties Section 3 Acupoints with Specific Properties I Shu Acupoints II Yuan (Source) and Luo (Connecting) Acupoints III Back-Shu and Front-Mu Acupoints IV Influential Acupoints V Xi (Cleft) Points VI Lower-He (See) Acupoints VII Confluence Acupoints Section 4 Techniques of Locating Acupoints I Finger Measures II Comparative Measures III Anatomical Landmarks IV Simple Location Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review 5 Principles of Acupuncture Therapeutics Section 1 Lung Meridian of Hand-Taiyin I Pathway II Main Applications III Commonly Used Acupoints Zhongfu (LU-1) Chize (LU-5) Kongzui (LU-6) Lieque (LU-7) Taiyuan (LU-9) Yuji (LU-10) Shaoshang (LU-11) Section 2 Large Intestine Meridian of Hand-Yangming I Pathway II Main Applications III Commonly Used Acupoints Shangyang (LI-1) Sanjian (LI-3) Hegu (LI-4) Yangxi (LI-5) Shousanli (LI-10) Quchi (LI-11) Binao (LI-14) Jianyu (LI-15) Yingxiang (LI-20) Section 3 Stomach Meridian of Foot-Yangming I Pathway II Main Applications III Commonly Used Acupoints Chengqi (ST-1) Sibai (ST-2) Dicang (ST-4) Jiache (ST-6) Xiaguan (ST-7) Touwei (ST-8) Liangmen (ST-21) Tianshu (ST-25) Guilai (ST-29) Futu (ST-32) Liangqiu (ST-34) Dubi (ST-35) Zusanli (ST-36) Shangjuxu (ST-37) Xiajuxu (ST-39) Fenglong (ST-40) Jiexi (ST-41) Neiting (ST-44) Lidui (ST-45) Section 4 Spleen Meridian of Foot-Taiyin I Pathway II Main Applications III Commonly Used Acupoints Yinbai (SP-1) Taibai (SP-3) Gongsun (SP-4) Sanyinjiao (SP-6) Diji (SP-8) Yinlingquan (SP-9) Xuehai (SP-10) Daheng (SP-15) Section 5 Heart Meridian of Hand-Shaoyin I Pathway II Main Applications III Commonly Used Acupoints Jiquan (HT-1) Shaohai (HT-3) Tongli (HT-5) Yinxi (HT-6) Shenmen (HT-7) Section 6 Small Intestine Meridian of Hand-Taiyang I Pathway II Main Applications III Commonly Used Acupoints Shaoze (SI-1) Houxi (SI-3) Wangu (SI-4) Zhizheng (SI-7) Tianzong (SI-11) Quanliao (SI-18) Tinggong (SI-19) Section 7 Bladder Meridian of Foot-Taiyang I Pathway II Main Applications III Commonly Used Acupoints Jingming (BL-1) Cuanzhu (BL-2) Tianzhu (BL-10) Dazhu (BL-11) Fengmen (BL-12) Feishu (BL-13) Xinshu (BL-15) Geshu (BL-17) Ganshu (BL-18) Danshu (BL-19) Pishu (BL-20) Weishu (BL-21) Shenshu (BL-23) Dachangshu (BL-25) Pangguangshu (BL-28) Ciliao (BL-32) Chengfu (BL-36) Weizhong (BL-40) Gaohuang (BL-43) Zhibian (BL-54) Chengshan (BL-57) Kunlun (BL-60) Shenmai (BL-62) Zhiyin (BL-67) Section 8 Kidney Meridian of Foot-Shaoyin I Pathway II Main Applications III Commonly Used Acupoints Yongquan (KI-1) Taixi (KI-3) Zhaohai (KI-6) Fuliu (KI-7) Dahe (KI-12) Section 9 Pericardium Meridian of Hand-Jueyin I Pathway II Main Applications III Commonly Used Acupoints Quze (PC-3) Jianshi (PC-5) Neiguan (PC-6) Daling (PC-7) Laogong (PC-8) Zhongchong (PC-9) Section 10 Sanjiao Meridian of Hand-Shaoyang I Pathway II Main Applications III Commonly Used Acupoints Guanchong (SJ-1) Zhongzhu (SJ-3) Yangchi (SJ-4) Waiguan (SJ-5) Zhigou (SJ-6) Jianliao (SJ-14) Yifeng (SJ-17) Jiaosun (SJ-20) Ermen (SJ-21) Sizhukong (SJ-23) Section 11 Gallbladder Meridian of Foot-Shaoyang I Pathway II Main Applications III Commonly Used Acupoints Tongziliao (GB-1) Tinghui (GB-2) Yangbai (GB-14) Fengchi (GB-20) Jianjing (GB-21) Daimai (GB-26) Huantiao (GB-30) Fengshi (GB-31) Yanglingquan (GB-34) Guangming (GB-37) Xuanzhong (Juegu) (GB-39) Qiuxu (GB-40) Zulinqi (GB-41) Zuqiaoyin (GB-44) Section 12 Liver Meridian of Foot-Jueyin I Pathway II Main Applications III Commonly Used Acupoints Dadun (LR-1) Xingjian (LR-2) Taichong (LR-3) Zhongfeng (LR-4) Qimen (LR-14) Section 13 Du Meridian I Pathway II Main Applications III Commonly Used Acupoints Changqiang (GV-1) Yaoyangguan (GV-3) Mingmen (GV-4) Zhiyang (GV-9) Dazhui (GV-14) Yamen (GV-15) Fengfu (GV-16) Baihui (GV-20) Shangxing (GV-23) Shenting (GV-24) Shuigou (Renzhong) (GV-26) Section 14 Ren Meridian I Pathway II Main Applications III Commonly Used Acupoints Zhongji (CV-3) Guanyuan (CV-4) Qihai (CV-6) Shenque (CV-8) Xiawan (CV-10) Zhongwan (CV-12) Tanzhong (CV-17) Tiantu (CV-22) Lianquan (CV-23) Chengjiang (CV-24) Section 15 Extra-Meridian Acupoints I Acupoints on Head and Neck Sishencong (EX-HN-1) Yintang (EX-HN-3) Yuyao (EX-HN-4) Taiyang (EX-HN-5) Shangyinxiang (EX-HN-8) Anmian II Acupoint on Chest and Abdomen Zigong (EX-CA-1) III Acupoints on Back Dingchuan (EX-B-1) Jiaji (EX-B-2) Yaoyan (EX-B-7) IV Acupoints on Upper Extremities Jianqian Yaotongdian (EX-UE-7) Baxie (EX-UE-9) Sifeng (EX-UE-10) Shixuan (EX-UE-11) V Acupoints of Lower Extremities Heding (EX-LE-2) Dannang (EX-LE-6) Lanwei (EX-LE-7) Bafeng (EX-LE-10) Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review 4 Techniques of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Section 1 Filiform Needle I Structure and Selection of Needle II Preparations Prior to Acupuncture Treatment 1 Patient's Posture i Recumbent Postures ii Upright Postures 2 Sterilization III Techniques of Needling 1 Inserting Needle i One Handed Insertion ii Two Handed Insertion iii Insertion Using a Tube 2 Angle and Depth of Insertion i Angle of Insertion ii Depth of Insertion 3 Manipulations and Arrival of Qi (Needling Sensation) i Fundamental Manipulations ii Auxiliary Manipulations 4 Reinforcing and Reducing Techniques i By Twisting or Rotating Needle ii By Direction of Insertion iii By Speed of Insertion and Withdrawal iv By Lifting and Thrusting v By Respiratory Cycle vi By Rapidity of Blockage of Hole vii Even Reinforcing-Reducing 5 Complex Reinforcing and Reducing Techinques i Setting Mountain on Fire (Reinforcing) ii Penetrating Heavenly Cold (Reducing) 6 Retention and Withdrawal of Needle IV Management of Possible Accidents 1 Fainting 2 Stuck Needle 3 Bent Needle 4 Broken Needle 5 Hematoma 6 Pneumothorax 7 Unanticipated Complications V Cautions and Precautions Section 2 Three-Edged Needles I Structure II Applications III Techniques 1 Spot Pricking 2 Scattered Pricking Tissue-Breaking Pricking IV Cautions and Precautions Section 3 Plum Blossom Needle I Structure of Plum Blossom Needle II Applications III Technique IV Areas of Application V Cautions and Precautions Section 4 Electro- Acupuncture I Technique II Applications III Cautions and Precautions Section 5 Scalp Acupuncture I Stimulation Zones and Main Applications 1 Motor Zone 2 Sensory Zone 3 Chorea-Tremor Zone 4 Vertigo-Auditory Zone 5 Second Speech Zone 6 Third Speech Zone 7 Praxis Zone 8 Foot-Motor-Sensory Zone 9 Visual Zone 10 Balance Zone 11 Stomach Zone 12 Thoracic-Cavity Zone 13 Reproduction Zone II Technique III Cautions and Precautions Section 6 Ear Acupuncture I Surface Anatomy of Ear II Distribution of Ear Acupoints III Commonly Used Auricular Acupoints 1 Helix Crus and Helix 2 Scapha 3 Superior Antihelix Crus 4 Inferior Antihelix Crus 5 Antihelix 6 The Triangular Fossa 7 The Tragus The Antitragus 9 Helix Crus 10 Cymba Conchae 11 Cavum Conchae 12 Earlobe 13 Back Surface of Auricle IV Clinical Application of Ear Acupuncture 1 Selection of Acupoints i Guidelines ii Examples 2 Techniques of Ear Acupuncture i Searching for Sensitive Spot ii Techniques of Stimulation 3 Cautions and Precautions 4 Management of Accidents During Ear Acupuncture i Dizziness ii Infection of Auricle iii Perichondritis Section 7 Moxibustion and Cupping Therapy I Moxibustion 1 Commonly Used Moxibustion i Moxibustion with Moxa Cones ii Moxibustion with Moxa Sticks iii Moxibustion with Warming-Needle 2 Cautions and Precautions of Moxibustion II Cupping Therapy 1 Types of Jars i Bamboo Jar ii Pottery Jar iii Glass Jar 2 Applications 3 Techniques i Fire-Flash Technique ii Successive Fire-Flash Cupping 4 Cup Manipulation i Retention Cupping ii Moving Cupping iii Cupping With Needle iv Bloodletting Cupping 5 Removing Jar 6 Cautions and Precautions Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review 5 Principles of Acupuncture Therapeutics Section 1 Principles of Acupuncture Treatment I Regulate Yin–Yang II Strengthen Body Resistance and Eliminate Pathogens III Distinguish Root and Appearance Section 2 Acupoint Selection I Select Acupoints on Diseased Meridian II Combine Interior–Exterior Acupoints III Combine Anterior–Posterior Acupoints IV Combine Distant–Local Acupoints V Combine Left–Right Acupoints Section 3 Application of Specific Acupoints I Application of Shu Acupoints II Application of Back-Shu and Front-Mu Acupoints III Application of Yuan and Luo Acupoints IV Application of Confluence Acupoints V Application of Influential Acupoints VI Application of Lower He (Sea) Acupoints VII Application of Xi (Cleft) Acupoints Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review Part II: Basic Theory of Chinese Materia Medica 6 Basic Theory of Chinese Materia Medica Section 1 Properties of Herbs I Nature and Flavor 1 Nature 2 Flavor i Acrid ii Sweet iii Sour iv Bitter v Salty vi Bland and Astringent II Lifting, Lowering, Floating and Sinking III Meridian Affinity IV Toxicity Section 2 Clinical Use of Herbs I Herb Interactions 1 Single 2 Mutual Reinforcement 3 Assistance 4 Restraint 5 Antidote 6 Mutual Inhibition 7 Antagonism 8 Summary II Contraindications 1 Incompatibility of Herbs 2 Contraindications in Pregnancy i Contraindicated Herbs ii Herbs to Use with Caution 3 Dietary Avoidance III Dosage and Administration 1 Dosage 2 Adjustment of Dosage 3 Administration i Preparation of Decoction ii Administration Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review 7 Commonly Used Herbs Section 1 Herbs That Release Exterior I Warm-Acrid Herbs That Release Exterior 1 Mahuang (Ephedra sinica) 2 Guizhi (Cinnamomum cassia) (Cinnamon) 3 Xixin (Asarum heterotropoides, sieboldii) (Manchurian Wild Ginger) 4 Zisu (Perilla frutescens) 5 Jingjie (Schizonepeta tenuifolia) 6 Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia divaricata) 7 Qianghuo (Notopterygium incisum, franchetti, forbesi) 8 Baizhi (Angelica dahurica, anomala, taiwaniana) II Cool-Acrid Herbs That Release Exterior 1 Bohe (Mentha haplocalyx) (Peppermint) 2 Niubangzi (Arctium lappa) (Burdock Fruit) 3 Sangye (Morus alba) (Mulberry) 4 Juhua (Chrysanthemum morifolium) (Chrysanthemum) 5 Chaihu (Bupleurum chinense, scorzonerifolium) (Thoroughwax) 6 Gegen (Pueraria lobata) (Kudzu Vine) 7 Chantui (Cryptotympana atrata) (Cicada) Section 2 Herbs That Cool Heat I Herbs That Cool Heat and Purge Fire 1 Shigao (Gypsum) 2 Zhimu (Anemarrhena asphodeloides) 3 Zhizi (Gardenia jasminoides) (Gardenia) 4 Xiakucao (Prunella vulgaris) (Self-Heal) II Herbs That Cool Heat and Dry Dampness 1 Huangqin (Scutellaria baicalensis) (Baical Skullcap) 2 Huanglian (Coptis chinensis) (Golden Thread) 3 Huangbai (Phellodendron chinense, amurense) (Amur Cork-Tree) 4 Longdancao (Gentiana scabra, triflora) (Chinese Gentian) III Herbs That Cool Heat and Detoxify Poison 1 Jinyinhua (Lonicera japonica) (Honeysuckle) 2 Lianqiao (Forsythia suspensa) (Weeping Golden Bell) 3 Pugongying (Taraxacum mongolicum) (Dandelion) 4 Banlangen (Isatis indigotica, tinctoria) 5 Yuxingcao (Houttuynia cordata) 6 Shegan (Belamcanda chinenesis) (Blackberry Lily) IV Heat-Clearing and Blood-Cooling Herbs 1 Baitouweng (Pulsatilla chinensis and Other Species) (Nodding Anemone) 2 Shengdihuang (Rehmannia glutinosa) 3 Chishaoyao (Paeonia lactiflora, veitchii, obovata) (Red Peony) 4 Mudanpi (Paeonia suffruticosa) (Tree Peony) V Endogenous Heat-Cooling Herbs 1 Qinghao (Artemisia annua, apiacea) (Wormwood) 2 Digupi (Lycium chinensis) (Wolfberry) Section 3 Herbs That Induce Catharsis 1 Dahuang (Rheum palmatum, officinale) (Rhubarb) 2 Mangxiao (Mirabilite) (Sodium Sulfate) 3 Fanxieye (Cassia angustifolia) (Senna) Section 4 Herbs That Dispel Wind–Dampness 1 Duhuo (Angelica pubescens) 2 Mugua (Chaenomeles speciosa, lagenaria) (Chinese Quince) 3 Fangji (Stephania Tetrandra) 4 Qinjiao (Gentiana macrophylla, crassicaulis) (Large-Leaf Gentian) 5 Sangjisheng (Loranthus parasiticus) (Mulberry Mistletoe) 6 Weilingxian (Clematis chinensis) Section 5 Aromatic Herbs That Dissipate Dampness 1 Cangzhu (Atractylodes lancea) 2 Houpo (Magnolia officinalis) (Magnolia) 3 Huoxiang (Agastache rugosa) (Giant Hyssop) 4 Peilan (Eupatorium fortunei) (Mist Flower) 5 Sharen (Amomum villosum, xanthioides) Section 6 Herbs That DrainWater and Dampness 1 Fuling (Poria cocos) (Tuckahoe) 2 Yiyiren (Coix lachryma-jobi) (Job’s-Tears) 3 Zexie (Alisma plantago-aquatica, orientale) (Water Plantain) 4 Cheqianzi (Plantago asiatica) (Plantain) 5 Yinchenhao (Artemisia capillaris) (Oriental Wormwood) 6 Jinqiancao (Lysimachia christinae, Glochoma longituba) (Christina Loosestrife) 7 Zhuling (Polyporus umbellatus) 8 Huzhang (Polygonum cuspidatum) (Giant Knotgrass) Section 7 Herbs ThatWarm Interior 1 Fuzi (Aconitum carmichaeli) (Monkshood) 1a Chuanwu (Aconitum carmichaeli) (Monkshood) 2 Rougui (Cinnamomum cassia) (Cinnamon) 3 Ganjiang (Zingiber officinale) (Ginger) 4 Wuzhuyu (Evodia rutaecarpa) 5 Dingxiang (Syzygium caryophyllata, aromaticum) (Clove) Section 8 Herbs That Regulate Qi 1 Chenpi (Citrus tangerina, reticulata) (Tangerine) 2 Zhishi (Citrus aurantium) (Immature Orange) 3 Muxiang (Aucklandia lappa) 4 Xiangfu (Cyperus rotundus) (Nutgrass) 5 Chuanlianzi (Melia toosendan) (Chinaberry) 6 Xiebai (Allium macrostemon) (Long Stem Onion) Section 9 Herbs That Relieve Food Retention 1 Maiya (Hordeum vulgare) (Barley) 2 Shenqu (Massa medicata fermentata) (Medicated Leaven) 3 Shanzha (Crataegus pinnatifida) (Chinese Hill Haw) 4 Laifuzi (Raphanus sativus) (Radish) Section 10 Herbs That Stimulate Blood Circulation and Remove Blood Stasis 1 Chuanxiong (Ligusticum chuanxiong, wallichii) (Sichuan Lovage) 2 Yujin (Curcuma wenyujin, aromatica) (Tumeric) 3 Yanhusuo (Corydalis yanhusuo) 4 Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza) (Red Sage) 5 Yimucao (Leonurus heterophyllus, japonicus) (Mother-Wort) 6 Taoren (Prunus persica) (Peach) 7 Honghua (Carthamus tinctorius) (Safflower) 8 Niuxi (Achyranthes bidentata) 9 Sanleng (Sparganium stoloniferum) (Bur Reed) 10 Ezhu (Curcuma aeruginosa, zedoaria) (Zedoary) Section 11 Herbs That Dissolve Phlegm or Stop Cough and Relieve Asthma 1 Banxia (Pinellia ternata) 2 Jiegeng (Platycodon grandiflorum) 3 Beimu (Fritillaria cirrhosa, verticillata) 4 Gualou (Trichosanthes kirilowii) (Snake-Gourd) 5 Xingren (Prunus armeniaca) (Apricot) (Also Known as Kuxingren) 6 Baibu (Stemona sessilifolia) 7 Zisuzi (Perilla frutescens) 8 Sangbaipi (Morus alba) (White Mulberry) 9 Tinglizi (Lepidium apetalum) (Pepper Weed) Section 12 Herbs That Restore (Tonics) 1 Renshen (Panax ginseng) (Ginseng) 2 Dangshen (Codonopsis pilosula) (Asia Bell) 3 Huangqi (Astragalus membranaceus, monaholicus) (Milkvetch) 4 Baizhu (Atractylodes macrocephala) 5 Gancao (Glycyrrhiza uralensis) (Chinese Liquorice) 6 Shanyao (Dioscorea opposita) (Chinese Yam) 7 Shudihuang (Rehmannia glutinosa) 8 Heshouwu (Polygonum multiflorum) (Fleece-Flower) 9 Danggui (Angelica sinensis) 10 Baishaoyao (Paeonia lactiflora) (White Peony) 11 Ejiao (Equus asinus) (Donkey-Hide Gelatin) 12 Beishashen (Glehnia littoralis) 13 Yuzhu (Polygonatum odoratum) (Fragrant Solomon’s Seal) 14 Maimendong (Ophiopogon japonicus) (Lily-Turf) 15 Gouqizi (Lycium barbarum) (Wolfberry) 16 Baihe (Lilium brownii) (Lily) 17 Nuzhenzi (Ligustrum lucidum) (Wax Privet) 18 Mohanlian (Eclipta prostrata) 19 Guiban (Chinemys reevesii) (Tortoise) 20 Biejia (Amyda sinensis) (Turtle) 21 Yinyanghuo (Epimedium brevicornum, grandiflorum) (Barren-wort) 22 Duzhong (Eucommia ulmoides) 23 Xuduan (Dipsacus asperoides) (Himalayan Teasel) 24 Bajitian (Morinda officinalis) 25 Buguzhi (Psoralea corylifolia) 26 Hutaoren (Juglans regia) (Walnut) 27 Roucongrong (Cistanche deserticola) 28 Dongchongxiacao (Cordyceps sinensis) (Chinese Caterpillar Fungus) Section 13 Herbs That Calm Mind 1 Suanzaoren (Ziziphus jujuba Mill. var. spinosa) (Chinese Jujube) 2 Baiziren (Biota orientalis) (Chinese Tree of Life) 3 Yuanzhi (Polygala tenuifolia) (Milk Wort) 4 Muli (Ostrea gigas, rivularis) (Oyster) 5 Longgu (Os Draconis) (Fossil Bone) 6 Cishi (Magnetitium) (Magnetite) Section 14 Herbs That Calm Liver and Extinguish Wind 1 Tianma (Gastrodia elata) 2 Gouteng (Uncaria rhynchophylla) 3 Shijueming (Haliotis diversicolor) (Abalone) 4 Dilong (Pheretima aspergillum) (Earthworm) 5 Baijiangcan (Bombyx mori) (Silkworm) 6 Quanxie (Buthus martensii) (Scorpion) 7 Wugong (Scolopendra subspinipes) (Centipede) Section 15 Aromatic Herbs That Open Orifices (Resuscitate) 1 Shichangpu (Acorus gramineus, tatarinowii) (Sweet Flag) 2 Shexiang (Moschus moschiferus) (Musk) 3 Suhexiang (Liquidambar orientalis) (Storax) 4 Bingpian (Dryobalanops aromatica) (Borneol) Section 16 Herbs That Stop Bleeding 1 Xiaoji (Cephalanoplos segetum) (Field Thistle) 2 Diyu (Sanguisorba officinalis) (Garden Burnet) 3 Baiji (Bletilla striata) 4 Sanqi (Panax pseudoginseng, var. notojinseng) 5 Qiancao (Rubia cordifolia) (India Madder) 6 Aiye (Artemisia argyi) (Argy Wormwood) Section 17 Herbs That Stabilize and Astringe 1 Fuxiaomai (Triticum aestivum) (Wheat) 2 Wuweizi (Schisandra chinensis) 3 Wumei (Prunus mume) (Plum) 4 Lianzi (Nelumbo nucifera) (Lotus) 5 Shanzhuyu (Cornus officinalis) (Bunchberry) 6 Sangpiaoxiao (Paratenodera sinensis) (Praying Mantis) Section 18 Herbs That Expel Parasites 1 Shijunzi (Quisquslis indica) (Rangoon Creeper) 2 Kuliangenpi (Melia azedarach, toosendan) (Chinaberry) 3 Binglang (Areca catechu) (Betel Palm) Nanguazi (Cucurbita moschata) (Pumpkin) Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review Part III: Chinese Medicinal Formulas 8 Basic Principles of CM Herbal Formulation Section 1 Construction of Herbal Formulas I Composition of Formulas II Modification of Formulas 1 Modification of Ingredients 2 Modification of Amounts 3 Modification of Formulation Section 2 Classification of Herbal Formulas Section 3 Common Dosage Forms of Herbal Formulas I Decoctions II Powders III Pills IV Soft Extracts V Medicinal Wines Section 4 Drug Administration I Decocting Herbs II Methods of Administration 1 Timing of Administration 2 Arrangement of Administration Guidance for study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review 9 Commonly Used Herbal Formulas Section 1 Formulas That Release Exterior I Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) 1 Source: Shang Han Lun (Treatise on Cold-Attack) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Influenza in a Young Adult Male II Guizhi Tang (Cinnamomum Decoction) 1 Source: Shang Han Lun (Treatise on Cold-Attack) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Fever in an Adult Female 7 Case Study: Excessive Sweating in a Young Adult Male III JiuWei Qianghuo Tang (Nine-Ingredient Qianghuo Decoction) 1 Source: Ci Shi Nan Zhi (Hard-Won Knowledge) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Clinical Study: Acute Wind–Cold Illness IV Xiao Qing Long Tang (Little Green Dragon Decoction) 1 Source: Shang Han Lun (Treatise on Cold-Attack) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Clinical Study: Bronchial Asthma V Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang (Ephedra, Almond, Gypsum and Licorice Decoction) 1 Source: Shang Han Lun (Treatise on Cold-Attack) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Measles in a 3-Year-Old Girl VI Sang Ju Yin (Mulberry and Chrysanthemum Drink) 1 Source: Wen Bing Tiao Bian (Analysis of Febrile Illnesses) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Exogenous Wind–Heat Illness in a 26-Year-Old Male VII Yin Qiao San (Lonicera and Forsythia Powder) 1 Source: Wen Bing Tiao Bian (Analysis of Febrile Illnesses) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Clinical Study: Acute Exogenous Wind–Heat Illnesses VIII Section Summary 1 Acrid-Warm Release of Exterior 2 Acrid-Cool Release of Exterior Section 2 Formulas That Drain Downward I Da Cheng Qi Tang (Potent Purgation Decoction) 1 Source: Shang Han Lun (Treatise on Cold-Attack) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Acute Dysentery in a 47-Year-Old Male II Wen Pi Tang (Spleen-Warming Decoction) 1 Source: Bei Ji Qian Jin Yao Fang (Essential Prescriptions for Emergency) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Cold Accumulation in a 78-Year-Old Male III Dahuang Mudanpi Tang (Rhubarb and Tree Peony Decoction) 1 Source: Jin Gui Yao Lue (Essentials of the Golden Cabinet) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Acute Appendicitis in a 21-Year-Old Male IV MazirenWan (Cannabis Pill) 1 Source: Shang Han Lun (Treatise on Cold-Attack) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Clinical Study: Post-surgical Constipation V Section Summary Section 3 Formulas That Harmonize I Xiao Chaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) 1 Source: Shang Han Lun (Treatise on Cold-Attack) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments II Da Chaihu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction) 1 Source: Jin Gui Yao Lue (Essentials of the Golden Cabinet) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Clinical Study: Acute Pancreatitis III Hao Qin Qing Dan Tang (Artermisia-Scutellaria Gallbladder-Clearing Decoction) 1 Source: Chong Ding Tong Su Shang Han Lun (Popular Treatise on Exogenous Febrile Illnesses, Revised Edition) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Exposure to Summer Heat with Dampness, Erroneously Treated, in a 48-Year-Old Woman IV Xiao Yao San (Carefree Powder) 1 Source: Tai Ping Hui Min He Ji Ju Fang (Prescriptionsfrom the Taiping Benevolent Pharmaceutical Bureau) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Breast Mass in a 33-Year-Old Female V Banxia Xie Xin Tang (Stomach-Fire-Draining Pinellia Decoction) 1 Source: Shang Han Lun (Treatise on Cold-Attack) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Vomiting in a 36-Year-Old Male VI Tong Xie Yao Fang (Essential Formula for Painful Diarrhea) 1 Source: Yi Xue Zheng Zhuan (Records of Orthodox Medicine) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Diarrhea in a 30-Year-Old Male VII Section Summary Section 4 Formulas That Clear Heat I Bai Hu Tang (White Tiger Decoction) 1 Source: Shang Han Lun (Treatise on Cold-Attack) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Seasonal Febrile Illness in a 54-Year-Old Male 7 Case Study: Heatstroke in a 38-Year-Old Female II Qing Ying Tang (Nutritive-Clearing Decoction) 1 Source: Wen Bing Tiao Bian (Analysis of Febrile Illnesses) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Heat at the Nutritive Level in a 17-Year-Old Female III Huanglian Jie Du Tang (Coptis Detoxification Decoction) 1 Source: Wai Tai Mi Yao (Essentials of Medical Secrets from Imperial Library) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Biliary Infection in a 35-Year-Old Male IV QingWen Bai Du Yin (Drink for Clearing Pestilential Illness and Detoxification) 1 Source: Yi Zhen Yi De (Successes in Pestilential Rashes) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Clinical Study: Ecephalitis B V Dao Chi San (Red-Conducting Powder) 1 Source: Xiao Er Yao Zheng Zhi Jue (Key to Children’s Illnesses) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Clinical Study: Painful and Impeded Urination VI Longdan Xie Gan Tang (Liver-Clearing Gentiana Decoction) 1 Source: Yi Fang Ji Jie (Explanation of Collected Prescriptions) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Clinical Study: Hepatitis VII Shaoyao Tang (Peony Decoction) 1 Source: Su Wen Qi Yi Bao Ming Ji (Collection on Pathogenesis for Preserving Life) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments VIII QingWei San (Stomach-Clearing Powder) 1 Source: Lan Shi Mi Cang (Private Records of the Orchid Cabinet) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Clinical Study: Acute Periodontitis IX Qinghao Biejia Tang (Woomwood and Turtle Shell Decoction) 1 Source: Wen Bing Tiao Bian (Analysis of Febrile Illnesses) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Case Study: Relapsing Fever in a 21-Year-Old Male X Section Summary Section 5 Formulas That Warm Interior I Li Zhong Wan (Middle-Jiao-Regulating Pill) 1 Source: Shang Han Lun (Treatise on Cold-Attack) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Spleen Insufficiency with Diarrhea in a 39-Year-Old Male II Xiao Jian Zhong Tang (Minor Middle-Jiao-Strengthening Decoction) 1 Source: Shang Han Lun (Treatise on Cold-Attack) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Abdominal Pain in a Male III Si Ni Tang (Frigid-Extremities Decoction) 1 Source: Shang Han Lun (Treatise on Cold-Attack) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Coma in a 30-Year-Old Female IV Danggui Si Ni Tang (Angelica Frigid-Extremities Decoction) 1 Source: Shang Han Lun (Treatise on Cold-Attack) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Severe Exposure to Cold in a 30-Year-Old Male V Yang He Tang (Yang-Normalizing Decoction) 1 Source: Wai Ke Zheng Zhi Quan Sheng Ji (Treatise on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Surgical Illnesses) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Osteoma in a 17-Year-Old Male VI Section Summary Section 6 Formulas That Restore (Tonify) I Si Jun Zi Tang (Four Nobles Decoction) 1 Source: Tai Ping Hui Min He Ji Ju Fang (Prescriptions from the Taiping Benevolent Pharmaceutical Bureau) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments II Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang (Middle-Restoring and Qi-Augmenting Decoction) 1 Source: Pi Wei Lun (Treatise on the Spleen and the Stomach) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Postpartum Anuria in a 28-Year-Old Female III Yu Ping Feng San (Jade-Screen Powder) 1 Source: Yi Fang Lei Ju (Classified Prescriptions) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Cold Urticaria in a 37-Year-Old Female IV Sheng Mai San (Pulse-Generating Powder) 1 Source: Yi Fang Qi Yuan (The Sources of Medicine) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Sudden Prostration in a 65-Year-Old Male V Si Wu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) 1 Source: Xian Shou Li Shang Xu Duan Bi Fang (Secret Celestial Prescriptions for Wounds and Fractures) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments VI Gui Pi Tang (Spleen-Restoring Decoction) 1 Source: Ji Sheng Fang (Life-Saving Prescriptions) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments VII Ba Zhen Tang (Eight Treasures Decoction) 1 Source: Zheng Ti Lei Yao (Classification and Treatment of Traumatic Injuries) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Clinical Study: Habitual Miscarriage VIII LiuWei Dihuang Wan (Six-Ingredient Rehmannia Pill) 1 Source: Xiao Er Yao Zheng Zhi Jue (Key to Therapeutics of Children’s Illnesses) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Chronic Nephritis in a 26-Year-Old Male IX Fried Gancao Tang (Fried Licorice Decoction) 1 Source: Shang Han Lun (Treatise on Cold-Attack) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Rheumatic Heart Illness in a 35-Year-Old Female X Yi Guan Jian (Yin-Generating Liver-Opening Prescription) 1 Source: Xu Ming Yi Lei An (Supplement to Case Records of Celebrated Physicians) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Chronic Hepatitis in a 40-Year-Old Female XI Baihe Gu Jin Tang (Lily Metal-Solidifying Decoction) 1 Source: Shen Zhai Yi Shu 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Pulmonary Tuberculosis with Hemoptysis in a 34-Year-Old Female XII Shen QiWan (Kidney-Qi Pill) 1 Source: Jin Gui Yao Lue (Essentials of the Golden Cabinet) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Clinical Study: Relapsing Mouth Ulcers XIII Section Summary Section 7 Formulas That Astringe and Stabilize I Si Shen Wan (Four Miracle-Herbs Pill) 1 Source: Nei Ke Zhai Yao (Essentials of Internal Medicine) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Hypersensitive Enteritis 7 Case Study: Enuresis in a 16-Year-Old Male II Zhen Ren Yang Zang Tang (True Man’s Zang-Nourishing Decoction) 1 Source: Tai Ping Hui Min He Ji Ju Fang (Prescriptions of the Taiping Benevolent Bureau) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Clinical Study: Post-dysentery Syndrome III Jin Suo Gu Jing Wan (Gold Lock Semen-Stabilizing Pill) 1 Source: Yi Fang Ji Jie (Explanation of Collected Prescriptions) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Galactorrhea (Milk Production) in a 53-Year-Old Female IV Gu Chong Tang (Chong Meridian Stabilizing Decoction) 1 Source: Yi Xue Zhong Zhong Can Xi Lu (Discourse on Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Clinical Study: Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding V Section Summary Section 8 Formulas That Calm the Mind I TianWang Bu Xin Dan (Celestial Emperor’s Heart-Nourishing Pill) 1 Source: She Sheng Mi Pou (Exposition on Health Conservation) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments II Suanzaoren Tang (Jujube Seed Decoction) 1 Source: Jin Gui Yao Lue (Essentials of the Golden Cabinet) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Clinical Study: Insomnia Section 9 Formulas That Open Orifices (Resuscitate) I An Gong Niuhuang Wan (Palace-Calming Gallstone Pill) 1 Source: Wen Bing Tiao Bian (Analysis of Febrile Illnesses) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Acute Hepatic Coma in a 5-Year-Old Boy II Suhexiang Wan (Storax Pill) 1 Source: Tai Ping Hui Min He Ji Ju Fang (Prescriptions from the Taiping Benevolent Pharmaceutical Bureau) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments III Section Summary Section 10 Formulas That Regulate Qi I Yue JuWan (Stagnation-Releasing Pill) 1 Source: Dan Xi Xin Fa (Danxi’s Experience in Medicine) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Chronic Cholecystitis in a 38-Year-Old Female II Banxia Houpo Tang (Pinellia and Magnolia Decoction) 1 Source: Jin Gui Yao Lue (Essentials of the Golden Cabinet) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Globus Hystericus in a 52-Year-Old Female 7 Case Study: Dizziness in a 46-Year-Old Male III Suzi Jiang Qi Tang (Perilla Qi-Suppressing Decoction) 1 Source: Tai Ping Hui Min He Ji Ju Fang (Prescriptions from the Taiping Benevolent Pharmaceutical Bureau) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Chronic and Acute Asthma in a 56-Year-Old Male IV Ding Chuan Tang (Asthma-Relieving Decoction) 1 Source: She Sheng Zhong Miao Fang (Effective Prescriptions for Health Conservation) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments V Xuanfu Daizhe Tang (Inula and Hematite Decoction) 1 Source: Shang Han Lun (Treatise on Cold-Attack) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Morning Sickness in a 24-Year-Old Female VI Section Summary Section 11 Formulas That Regulate Blood I Taohe Cheng Qi Tang (Peach Pit Qi-Activating Decoction) 1 Source: Shang Han Lun (Treatise on Cold-Attack) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Ectopic Pregnancy in a 40-Year-Old Female II Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang (Decoction for Releasing Blood Stasis) 1 Source: Yi Lin Gai Cuo (Corrections of Medical Errors) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Refractory Insomnia in a 42-Year-Old Male 7 Case Study: Persistent Hiccup in a 24-Year-Old Female III Bu Yang HuanWu Tang (Yang-Tonifying Balance-Restoring Decoction) 1 Source: Yi Lin Gai Cuo (Corrections of Medical Errors) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Clinical Study: Hemiplegia due to Wind-Induced Stroke IV Wen Jing Tang (Meridian-Warming Decoction) 1 Source: Jin Gui Yao Lue (Essentials of the Golden Cabinet) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Metrorrhagia in a 24-Year-Old Female V Sheng Hua Tang (Generation and Transformation Decoction) 1 Source: Fu Qingzhu Nu Ke (Fu Qingzhu’s Obstetrics and Gynecology) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments VI Xiaoji Yin Zi (Thistle Decoction) 1 Source: Ji Sheng Fang (Life-Saving Prescriptions) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Acute Glomerulonephritis in a 13-Year-Old Male VII Section Summary Section 12 Formulas That Eliminate Dampness I PingWei San (Stomach-Settling Powder) 1 Source: Tai Ping Hui Min He Ji Ju Fang (Prescriptions from the Taiping Benevolent Pharmaceutical Bureau) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments II Huoxiang Zheng Qi San (Hyssop Qi-Regulating Powder) 1 Source: Tai Ping Hui Min He Ji Ju Fang (Prescriptions from the Taiping Benevolent Pharmaceutical Bureau) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Clinical Study: Acute Gastroenteritis III Ba Zheng San (Eight-Herb Rectification Powder) 1 Source: Tai Ping Hui Min He Ji Ju Fang (Prescriptions from the Taiping Benevolent Pharmaceutical Bureau) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Clinical Study: Pyelonephritis (Inflammation of the Kidney Pelvis) IV San Ren Tang (Three-Seeds Decoction) 1 Source: Wen Bing Tiao Bian (Analysis of Febrile Illnesses) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Illness of Dampness–Heat in a 35-Year-Old Male V Zhen Wu Tang (True Warrior Decoction) 1 Source: Shang Han Lun (Treatise on Cold-Attack) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Edema in a 59-Year-Old Male VI Section Summary Section 13 Formulas That Dissipate Phlegm I Er Chen Tang (Two Aged-Herbs Decoction) 1 Source: Cheng Fang Qie Yong (Applications of Established Formulas) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Teeth Grinding in a 25-Year-Old Male 7 Case Study: Night Cough in an Adult Male II Wen Dan Tang (Gallbladder-Warming Decoction) 1 Source: San Yin Ji Yi Bing Zheng Fang Lun (Treatise on the Three Categories of Pathogenic Factors of Illnesses) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Dizziness in a 56-Year-Old Male III Banxia Baizhu Tianma Tang (Pinellia-Atractylodes-Gastrodia Decoction) 1 Source: Yi Xue Xin Wu (Insights from Medical Studies) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Meniere’s Syndrome in a 70-Year-Old Female IV Mengshi Gun TanWan (Chlorite Phlegm-Expelling Pill) 1 Source: Dan Xi Xin Fa Fu Yu (Supplement to Danxi’s Methods of Treatment) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Asthma with Cough in a 45-Year-Old Male V Section Summary Section 14 Formulas That Dispel Wind I Xiao Feng San (Wind-Extinguishing Powder) 1 Source: Wai Ke Zheng Zong (Orthodox Exogenous Illnesses) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Clinical Study: Eczema II Duhuo Jisheng Tang (Pubescens and Loranthus Decoction) 1 Source: Bei Ji Qian Jin Yao Fang (Essential Prescriptions for Emergency) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Rheumatism in a 31-Year-Old Female III Lingjiao Gouteng Tang (Horn and Uncaria Decoction) 1 Source: Tong Su Shang Han Lun (Popular Treatise on Exogenous Febrile Illnesses) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Psychosis in a 24-Year-Old Male IV Zhen Gan Xi Feng Tang (Liver-Sedating and Wind-Extinguishing Decoction) 1 Source: Yi Xue Zhong Zhong Can Xi Lu (Discourse on Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Clinical Study: Headache V Tianma Gouteng Yin (Gastrodia and Uncaria Drink) 1 Source: Za Bing Zheng Zhi Xin Yi (New Concepts for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Miscellaneous Illnesses) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Meniere’s Syndrome in a 39-Year-Old Female VI Da Ding Feng Zhu (MajorWind-Extinguishing Pearls) 1 Source: Wen Bing Tiao Bian (Analysis of Febrile Illnesses) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Post-radiation Tongue Atrophy in a 50-Year-Old Female 7 Case Study: High Blood Pressure in a 65-Year-Old Male VII Section Summary Section 15 Formulas That Relieve Dryness I Xing Su San (Apricot and Perilla Powder) 1 Source: Wen Bing Tiao Bian (Analysis of Febrile Illnesses) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Clinical Study: Cough II Qing Zao Jiu Fei Tang (Dryness-Moistening Lung-Rescuing Decoction) 1 Source: Yi Men Fa Lu (Principles and Regulations for the Medical Profession) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Autumn Dryness in a 41-Year-Old Female III Yang Yin Qing Fei Tang (Yin-Nourishing Lung-Clearing Decoction) 1 Source: Chong Lou Yu Yao (Jade Key to the Private Chamber) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Severe Sore Throat in a Female IV Section Summary Section 16 Formulas That Relieve Accumulations I Bao HeWan (Harmony-Preserving Pill) 1 Source: Dan Xi Xin Fa (Danxi’s Experience in Medicine) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Indigestion in a 35-Year-Old Female II Zhishi Dao Zhi Wan (Orange Stagnation-Relieving Pill) 1 Source: Nei Wai Shang Bian Huo Lun (Guide for the Perplexities of Internal and External Injuries) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Clinical Application: Impaired Intestinal Motility III Jian PiWan (Spleen-Invigorating Pill) 1 Source: Zheng Zhi Zhun Sheng (Standards of Diagnosis and Treatment) 2 Composition: The Herbs in This Formula Are Not Classified 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments IV Section Summary Section 17 Formulas That Expel Worms I WumeiWan (Mume Pill) 1 Source: Shang Han Lun (Treatise on Cold-Attack) 2 Composition 3 Application 4 Analysis of the Formula 5 Comments 6 Case Study: Roundworm Infestation in a 22-Year-Old Female Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review Essentials of Chinese Medicine: Volume 3 ISBN 9781848825956 Contents III Contributors Part I: Common Internal Medicine Disorders 1 Wind-Injury (Common Cold) I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation III Key Points of Analysis 1 Wind-Cold and Wind-Heat 2 Accompanying Pathogenic Evils 3 Strength and Deficiency IV Herbal Treatment 1 Strength Illnesses i Wind-Cold Injury ii Wind-Heat Injury iii Exterior-Cold and Interior-Heat 2 Deficiency Illnesses i Wind-Injury with Qi Deficiency Condition ii Wind-Injury with Yang Deficiency Condition iii Wind-Injury with Blood Insufficiency Condition iv Wind-Injury with Yin Deficiency Condition V Acupuncture Treatment VI Case Study Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review IV Additional Exercises 2 Cough I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation 1 Exogenous Cough 2 Endogenous Cough III Key Points of Analysis 1 Endogenous versus Exogenous 2 Quality and Timing of Cough 3 Color, Texture and Amount of Sputum IV Herbal Treatment 1 Exogenous Cough i Cough due toWind-Cold Attack ii Cough due toWind-Heat Attack iii Cough due to Dryness 2 Endogenous Cough i Cough due to Phlegm-Dampness ii Cough due to Phlegm-Heat iii Cough due to Liver-Fire Attacking the Lung iv Cough due to Yin Deficiency of the Lung v Cough due to Qi Deficiency of the Lung V Acupuncture Treatment 1 Exogenous Cough 2 Endogenous Cough VI Case Study Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review IV Additional Exercises 3 Wheezing I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation III Key Points of Analysis IV Herbal Treatment 1 During Attack i Cold-Wheezing ii Heat-Wheezing 2 During Remission i Deficiency of Both Spleen and Lung Qi ii Insufficiency of Both Lung and Kidney 3 Wheezing Crisis (Abrupt Collapse of Yang-Qi) V Acupuncture Treatment VI Case Study Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review IV Additional Exercises 4 Asthma I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation III Key Points of Analysis IV Herbal Treatment 1 Strength-Type Asthma i Wind-Cold Constraining Lung ii Exterior-Cold and Interior-Heat iii Phlegm-Dampness Blocking Lung iv Phlegm-Heat Blocking Lung v Liver-Qi Stagnation with Lung Blockage 2 Deficiency-Type Asthma i Insufficiency of Spleen and Lung ii Depletion of Kidney-Yang iii Deficiency of Kidney-Yin V Acupuncture Treatment 1 Strength-Type Asthma 2 Deficiency-Type Asthma VI Case Study Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review IV Additional Exercises 5 Palpitation of Heart I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation III Key Points of Analysis IV Herbal Treatment 1 Deficiency of Heart-Qi 2 Deficiency of Heart-Yin 3 Insufficiency of Both Heart and Spleen 4 Yin Deficiency of Liver and Kidney 5 Yang Deficiency of Spleen and Kidney 6 Heart Insufficiency with Timidity 7 Blockage by Retained Turbid Phlegm 8 Obstruction of Blood Vessels V Acupuncture Treatment VI Case Study 1 VII Case Study 2 Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review IV Additional Exercises 6 Angina Pectoris I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation III Key Points of Analysis IV Herbal Treatment 1 Blood Stasis and Qi Stagnation 2 Gelling of Yin-Cold in Interior 3 Obstruction by Turbid Phlegm 4 Deficiency of Heart and Kidney Yin 5 Deficiency of Both Qi and Yin 6 Deficiency of Yang-Qi 7 Heart-Yang on Verge of Collapse 8 Qi Deficiency and Blood Stasis V Acupuncture Treatment VI Case Study 1 VII Case Study 2 Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review IV Additional Exercises 7 Insomnia I Etiology and Pathology II Key Points of Analysis III Herbal Treatment 1 Hyperactivity of Heart-Fire 2 Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen 3 Strong Fire due to Yin Deficiency 4 Stagnated Liver Qi Turning into Fire 5 Phlegm-Heat Disturbing the Interior 6 Disturbance of Stomach-Qi IV Acupuncture Treatment V Case Study 1 VI Case Study 2 Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review IV Additional Exercises 8 Depression I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation III Key Points of Analysis IV Herbal Treatment 1 Stagnation of Liver-Qi 2 Stagnant Qi Transforming into Fire 3 Gelled Phlegm and Qi 4 Insufficiency of Heart and Spleen 5 Deficiency of Liver-Yin 6 Mental Derangement V Acupuncture Treatment VI Case Study 1 VII Case Study 2 Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review IV Additional Exercises 9 Stomachache I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation III Key Points of Analysis IV Herbal Treatment 1 Stomach-Cold 2 Stomach-Heat 3 Food Retention 4 Qi Stagnation 5 Blood Stasis 6 Deficiency Cold 7 Yin Deficiency V Acupuncture Treatment VI Case Study 1 VII Case Study 2 Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review IV Additional Exercises 10 Vomiting I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation III Key Points of Analysis IV Herbal Treatment 1 Strength Illnesses i Exogenous Evils Attacking Stomach ii Food Retention iii Interior Blockage by Phlegm-Rheum iv Liver-Qi Attacking Stomach 2 Deficiency Illnesses i Deficiency-Cold in Spleen and Stomach ii Deficiency of Stomach-Yin V Acupuncture Treatment 1 Strength Illnesses 2 Deficiency Illnesses VI Case Study Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review IV Additional Exercises 11 Diarrhea I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation III Key Points of Analysis IV Herbal Treatment 1 Acute Diarrhea i Cold-Dampness ii Dampness-Heat iii Intemperate Diet 2 Chronic Diarrhea i Spleen Insufficiency ii Kidney Insufficiency iii Stagnation of Liver-Qi V Acupuncture Treatment 1 Violent Diarrhea 2 Chronic Diarrhea VI Case Study Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review IV Additional Exercises 12 Abdominal Pain I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation and Key Points of Analysis 1 Acute versus Chronic 2 Quality of Pain 3 Location of Pain III Herbal Treatment 1 Blockage by Cold 2 Deficiency-Cold 3 Dampness-Heat 4 Qi Stagnation 5 Blood Stasis IV Acupuncture Treatment V Case Study Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review IV Additional Exercises 13 Dysentery I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation III Key Points of Analysis IV Herbal Treatment 1 Dampness-Heat 2 Cold-Dampness 3 Fulminant Dysentery 4 Dysentery with Inability to Eat 5 Recurrent Dysentery 6 Yin Deficiency 7 Deficiency-Cold V Acupuncture Treatment VI Case Study Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review IV Additional Exercises 14 Constipation I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation III Key Points of Analysis IV Herbal Treatment 1 Constipation due to Strength i Heat-Constipation ii Qi-Constipation 2 Constipation due to Deficiency i Constipation due to Qi Deficiency ii Constipation due to Blood Insufficiency iii Constipation due to Yin Deficiency iv Constipation due to Yang Deficiency V Acupuncture Treatment VI Case Study Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review IV Additional Exercises 15 Stroke I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation III Key Points of Analysis and Differential Diagnosis IV Herbal Treatment 1 Meridian-Type Stroke i Hyperactivity of Liver-Yang with Upward Attack byWind-Fire ii Wind-Phlegm-Induced Blood Stasis and Meridian Blockage iii Phlegm-Heat in Fu-Viscera Inducing Upward Attack by Wind-Phlegm iv Qi Deficiency and Blood Stasis v Wind Stirring due to Yin Deficiency 2 Stroke Involving Viscera i Yang-Blockage Stroke ii Yin-Blockage Stroke iii Prostration Stroke V Acupuncture Treatment 1 Meridian-Type Stroke i Hemiplegia ii Wry Mouth and Tongue 2 Viscera-Type Stroke i Blockage-Stroke ii Prostration-Stroke VI Case Study Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review IV Additional Exercises 16 Vertigo and Dizziness I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation III Key Points of Analysis IV Herbal Treatment 1 Hyperactive Liver-Yang 2 Deficient Qi and Blood 3 Insufficient Kidney-Essence 4 Blockage by Phlegm-Dampness 5 Blood Stasis V Acupuncture Treatment 1 Hyperactive Liver-Yang 2 Blockage by Phlegm-Dampness 3 Insufficient Kidney-Essence 4 Deficient Qi and Blood 5 Blood Stasis VI Case Study Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review IV Additional Exercises 17 Subcostal Pain I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation III Key Points of Analysis IV Herbal Treatment 1 Stagnant Liver-Qi 2 Blood Stasis Blocking Channels 3 Gelling of Dampness-Heat in Liver-Gallbladder 4 Deficiency of Liver-Yin V Acupuncture Treatment VI Case Study Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review IV Additional Exercises 18 Jaundice I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation III Key Points of Analysis IV Herbal Treatment 1 Yang Jaundice i Dampness-Heat with Exterior Symptoms ii More Heat Than Dampness iii More Dampness than Heat 2 Acute Jaundice 3 Yin Jaundice V Acupuncture Treatment VI Case Study Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review IV Additional Exercises 19 Edema I Etiology and Pathology 1 Yang Edema 2 Yin Edema II Clinical Manifestation III Key Points of Analysis IV Herbal Treatment 1 Yang-edema i Wind Invasion to the Lung ii Dampness Infiltrating the Spleen iii Internalization of Dampness Toxin iv Dampness-Heat Accumulation 2 Yin-edema i Spleen-Yang Deficiency ii Kidney-Yang Deficiency V Acupuncture Treatment 1 Yang-edema 2 Yin-edema VI Case Study Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review IV Additional Exercises 20 Dysuria I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation III Key Points of Analysis IV Herbal Treatment 1 Heat-Dysuria 2 Stone-Dysuria 3 Qi-Dysuria (Deficiency-Type) 4 Qi-Dysuria (Strength-Type) 5 Blood-Dysuria (Deficiency-Type) 6 Blood-Dysuria (Strength-Type) 7 Chyle-Dysuria (Deficiency-Type) 8 Chyle-Dysuria (Strength-Type) 9 Overstrain-Dysuria V Acupuncture Treatment VI Case Study Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review IV Additional Exercises 21 Impotence I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation III Key Points of Analysis IV Herbal Treatment 1 Decline of Vital Gate-Yang 2 Impairment of Spleen and Heart 3 Impairment of Kidney by Fear 4 Trapping of Liver-Qi 5 Downward Flow of Dampness-Heat V Acupuncture Treatment VI Case Study Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review IV Additional Exercises 22 Lumbago I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation III Key Points of Analysis IV Herbal Treatment 1 Cold-Dampness 2 Dampness-Heat 3 Qi Stagnation and Blood Stasis 4 Depletion of Kidney-Essence V Acupuncture Treatment VI Case Study Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review IV Additional Exercises 23 Headache I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation III Key Points for Analysis IV Herbal Treatment 1 Headaches caused by Exogenous Pathogenic Evils i Wind-Cold ii Wind-Heat iii Wind-Dampness 2 Headaches due to Internal Injury i Hyperactive Liver-Yang ii Kidney Deficiency iii Deficiency of Qi and Blood iv Turbid Phlegm v Blood Stasis 3 Choice of Envoy Herbs V Acupuncture Treatment 1 Headaches caused by Exogenous Pathogenic Evils 2 Headaches due to Internal Injury VI Case Study Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review IV Additional Exercises 24 Rheumatism I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation III Key Points of Analysis IV Herbal Treatment 1 Wind (Migratory) Rheumatism 2 Cold (Pain) Rheumatism 3 Dampness-Rheumatism 4 Heat-Rheumatism 5 Wasting Rheumatism V Acupuncture Treatment VI Case Study Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review IV Additional Exercises 25 Flaccidity I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation III Key Points of Analysis IV Herbal Treatment 1 Consumption of Fluids by Lung-Heat 2 Invasion by Dampness-Heat 3 Insufficiency of Spleen and Stomach 4 Insufficiency of Liver and Kidney V Acupuncture Treatment 1 Standard Acupuncture 2 Ear Acupuncture VI Case Study Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review IV Additional Exercises 26 Diaphoresis I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation III Key Points of Diagnosis IV Herbal Treatment 1 Lung-Qi Deficiency 2 Disharmony between Nutritive and Defensive Qi 3 Insufficiency of Heart-Blood 4 Blazing Fire in Yin Deficiency 5 Heat Evaporating Fluids 6 Miscellaneous Types V Acupuncture Treatment VI Case Study Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review IV Additional Exercises 27 Diabetes (Xiao-Ke) I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation III Key Points of Analysis IV Herbal Treatment 1 Upper Diabetes (Lung-Heat Injuring Fluids) 2 Middle Diabetes (Blazing Stomach-Fire) 3 Lower Diabetes (Impairment of the Kidney) i Deficiency of Kidney-Yin ii Deficiency of Yin and Yang 4 Diabetic Complications V Acupuncture Treatment VI Case Study Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review IV Additional Exercises 28 Abdominal Masses and Obstruction I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation III Key Points of Analysis IV Herbal Treatment 1 Blockage i Stagnation of Liver-Qi ii Food Retention and Phlegm Blockage 2 Mass i Early Stage (Qi Stagnation and Blood Stasis) ii Middle Stage (Static Blood Gelling in Interior) iii Late Stage (Genuine-Qi Depletion) V Acupuncture Treatment 1 Blockage 2 Masses VI Case Study Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review IV Additional Exercises Part II: Common Gynecological Disorders 29 Abnormal Menstruation I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation III Herbal Treatment 1 Spleen-Qi Deficiency 2 Kidney Insufficiency 3 Blood Insufficiency 4 Heat in Blood i Strength Heat ii Deficiency Heat 5 Cold in Blood i Strength Cold ii Deficiency-Cold 6 Qi Stagnation and Blood Stasis 7 Phlegm-Dampness IV Acupuncture Treatment V Case Study 30 Dysmenorrhea I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestations III Herbal Treatment 1 Deficiency of Kidney-Qi 2 Qi and Blood Insufficiency 3 Qi Stagnation and Blood Stasis 4 Blood Stasis due to Cold in Blood 5 Accumulation of Dampness-Heat IV Acupuncture Treatment V Case Study 31 Amenorrhea I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation III Herbal Treatment 1 Liver and Kidney Insufficiency 2 Deficiency of Qi and Blood 3 Blood Depletion due to Yin Deficiency 4 Qi Stagnation and Blood Stasis 5 Accumulation of Phlegm-Dampness 6 Blood Stasis due to Cold in Blood IV Acupuncture Treatment V Case Study 32 Anovulatory Functional Uterine Bleeding I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation III Herbal Treatment 1 Kidney Insufficiency i Kidney-Yang Deficiency ii Kidney-Yin Deficiency 2 Spleen Insufficiency 3 Heat in Blood 4 Blood Stasis IV Acupuncture Treatment V Case Study 33 Vaginal Discharge I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation III Herbal Treatment 1 Spleen Insufficiency 2 Kidney Insufficiency i Kidney-Yang Deficiency ii Kidney-Yin Deficiency 3 Dampness-Heat 4 Dampness Poison 5 VulvarItch IV Acupuncture Treatment V Case Study 34 Chronic Pelvic Inflammation I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation III Herbal Treatment 1 Accumulation of Dampness-Heat 2 Accumulation of Cold-Dampness 3 Qi Stagnation and Blood Stasis 4 Kidney Insufficiency with Blood Stasis 5 Blood Insufficiency and Stasis 6 Topical Treatment IV Acupuncture Treatment V Case Study 35 Infertility I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation III Herbal Treatment 1 Kidney Insufficiency i Kidney-Yang Deficiency ii Kidney-Yin Deficiency 2 Liver-Qi Stagnation 3 Phlegm-Dampness 4 Blood Stasis IV Acupuncture Treatment V Case Study 36 Threatened and Spontaneous Abortion I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation III Herbal Treatment 1 Kidney Insufficiency 2 Deficiency of Qi and Bood 3 Heat in Blood 4 Blood Stasis with Qi Stagnation IV Acupuncture Treatment V Case Study 37 Menopause I Etiology and Physiology II Clinical Manifestation III Herbal Treatment 1 Deficiency of Kidney-Yin 2 Deficiency of Kidney-Yang 3 Disharmony between Heart and Kidney 4 Hyperactive Liver-Yang due to Deficiency of Kidney and Liver Yin 5 Deficiency of Kidney and Spleen Yang 6 Deficiency of Kidney-Yin and Kidney-Yang IV Acupuncture Treatment V Case Study Guidance for Study I Aims of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review IV Additional Exercises Part III: Common Pediatric Illnesses 38 Anorexia I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation III Herbal Treatment 1 Insufficiency of Spleen and Stomach 2 Food and Milk Retention 3 Deficiency of Stomach-Yin IV Acupuncture Treatment V Case Study 39 Infantile Cough I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation III Herbal Treatment 1 Wind-Cold 2 Wind-Heat 3 Dryness-Heat 4 Phlegm-Dampness 5 Phlegm-Heat 6 Yin Deficiency 7 Qi Deficiency IV Acupuncture Treatment V Case Study 40 Enuresis I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation III Herbal Treatment 1 Deficiency of Kidney-Qi 2 Deficiency of Lung and Spleen Qi 3 Heat Lodged in Liver Meridian IV Acupuncture Treatment V Case Study 41 Diarrhea I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation III Herbal Treatment 1 Diarrhea due to Food Retention 2 Diarrhea due to Wind-Cold 3 Diarrhea due to Dampness-Heat 4 Diarrhea due to Spleen Insufficiency 5 Diarrhea due to Deficiency of Spleen and Kidney Yang IV Acupuncture Treatment V Case Study 42 Acute Convulsion I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation III Herbal Treatment 1 Convulsion due to Exogenous Wind 2 Convulsion due to Summer Heat 3 Convulsion due to Dampness-Heat or Pestilential Poisons 4 Convulsion Precipitated by Sudden Fright IV Acupuncture Treatment V Case Study Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review IV Additional Exercises Part IV: Common Surgical and Dermatological Conditions 43 Eczema I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation III Key Points of Diagnosis IV Herbal Treatment 1 Internal Treatment i Dampness-Heat Type ii Wind-Heat Type iii Wind-Dryness Type with Blood Insufficiency 2 Topical Treatment V Acupuncture Treatment VI Case Study 44 Urticaria I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation III Herbal Treatment 1 Wind-Heat 2 Wind-Cold 3 Dampness-Heat in Stomach and Intestines 4 Deficiency of Qi and Blood IV Acupuncture Treatment V Case Study 45 Acne Vulgaris I Etiolohy, Pathology and Clinical Manifestation II Herbal Treatment 1 Internal Treatment i Acne due to Wind-Heat ii Acne due to Dampness-Heat iii Acne due to Phlegm 2 Topical Treatment] III Acupuncture Treatment IV Case Study 46 Contact Dermatitis I Etiology, Pathology and Clinical Manifestation II Herbal Treatment 1 Internal Treatment i Wind-Heat ii Dampness-Heat iii Strong Wind with Blood Dryness 2 Topical Treatment III Acupuncture Treatment IV Case Study 47 Neurodermatitis I Etiology, Pathology and Clinical Manifestation II Herbal Treatment 1 Internal Treatment i Wind-Heat ii Wind-Dryness with Blood Insufficiency 2 Topical Treatment III Acupuncture Treatment IV Case Study 48 Cutaneous Pruritus I Etiology, Pathology and Clinical Manifestation II Herbal Treatment 1 Internal Treatment i Itch caused by Wind-Heat ii Itch caused by Wind-Dryness with Blood Insufficiency iii Itch caused by Dampness-Heaf in Liver and Gallbladder 2 Topical Treatment III Acupuncture Treatment IV Case Study 49 Alopecia I Etiology, Pathology and Clinical Manifestation II Herbal Treatment 1 Internal Treatment i Deficiency of and Kidney Yin ii Insufficiency of Heart\Blood iii Qi Stagnation and Blood Stasis 2 Topical Treatment III Acupuncture Treatment IV Case Study 50 Folliculitis I Etiology, Pathology and Clinical Manifestation II Herbal Treatment 1 Internal Treatment i Heat-Folliculitis ii Dampness-Fire- Wind Folliculitis iii Yin Deficiency with Endigenous Heat 2 Topical Treatment III Acupuncture Treatment IV Case Study 51 Facial Boils I Etiology, Pathology and Clinical Manifestation II Herbal Treatment] 1 Internal Treatment 2 Topical Treatment III Acupuncture Treatment IV Case Study 52 Carbuncle I Etiology, Pathology and Clinical Manifestation II Herbal Treatment 1 Internal Treatment i Strength Type: Early Stage ii Strength Type:Ulcerative Stage iii Yin Deficiency with Strong Poisons iv Weak Constitution with Strong Poisons Deficiency of Both Qi and Blood 2 Topical Treatment III Case Study 53 Erysipelas I Etiology, Pathology and Clinical Manifestation II Herbal Treatment 1 Internal Treatment i Erysipelas due to Wind-Heat-Fire ii Erysipelas due to Gelled Fire in Liver Meridian iii Erysipelas due to Dampness-Heat-Fire iv Erysipelas due to Heat Poisons at Nutritive Level 2 Topical Treatment III Acupuncture Treatment IV Case Study 54 Shingles I Etiology, Pathology and Clinical Manifestation II Herbal Treatment 1 Internal Treatment i Shingles due to Strong Heat ii Shingles due to Dampness-Heat iii Shingles due to Blood Stasis 2 Topical Treatment III Acupuncture Treatment IV Case Study 55 Urinary Stones I Etiology, Pathology and Clinical Manifestation II Herbal Treatment 1 Internal Treatment i Stones due to Stagnation ii Stones due to Dampness-Heat iii Stones due to Kidney Insufficiency 2 Integrative Treatment Approach III Acupuncture Treatment IV Case Study 56 Hemorrhoid I Etiology, Pathology and Clinical Manifestation II Herbal Treatment 1 Internal Treatment i Downward Flow of Dampness and Heat ii Yin Deficiency with Blood-Heat iii Spleen Insufficiency with Prolapse 2 Topical Treatment i Wash ii Ointment 3 Other Treatment i Sclerosis-Induction Therapy ii Ligation Therapy iii Surgical Hemorrhoidectomy III Acupuncture Treatment IV Case Study 57 Acute Lumbar Sprain I Etiology, Pathology and Clinical Manifestation II Physical Therapy III Herbal Treatment 1 Acute Stage 2 Chronic Stage IV Acupuncture Treatment V Case Study 58 Tennis Elbow I Etiology, Pathology and Clinical Manifestation II Physical Therapy III Herbal Treatment 1 Early Stage 2 Late Stage 3 Topical Treatment IV Acupuncture Treatment V Case Study Guidance for Study I Aims of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review IV Additional Exercises Part V: Common Disorders of the Sensory Organs 59 Acute Conjunctivitis I Etiology, Pathology and Clinical Manifestation II Herbal Treatment 1 Internal Treatment i Wind-Heat Conjunctivitis ii Lung-Heat Conjunctivitis iii Conjunctivitis due to Liver and Lung Fire 2 Topical Treatment III Acupuncture Treatment IV Case Study 60 Sudden Deafness I Etiology, Pathology and Clinical Manifestation II Herbal Treatment 1 Wind-Heat Deafness 2 Deafness due to Ascent of Liver-Fire 3 Deafness due to Rise of Phlegm-Fire 4 Deafness due to Qi Stagnation and Blood Stasis III Acupuncture Treatment IV Case Study 61 Acute Naso-Sinusitis I Etiology, Pathology and Clinical Manifestation II Herbal Treatment 1 Wind-Heat in Lung Meridian 2 Strong Heat in Gallbladder 3 Dampness-Heat in Spleen and Stomach III Acupuncture Treatment IV Case Study 62 Chronic Naso-Sinusitis I Etiology, Pathology and Clinical Manifestation II Herbal Treatment 1 Internal Treatment 2 Topical Treatment III Acupuncture Treatment IV Case Study 63 Allergic Rhinitis I Etiology, Pathology and Clinical Manifestation II Herbal Treatment 1 Deficiency of Lung-Qi 2 Deficiency of Spleen-Qi 3 Deficicncy of Kidney-Yang III Acupuncture Treatment IV Case Study 64 Recurrent Ulcerative Stomatitis I Etiology, Pathology and Clinical Manifestation II Herbal Treatment 1 Heat Accumulation in Heat and Spleen 2 Blazing of Deficiency-Fire III Acupuncture Treatment IV Case Study 65 Acute Tonsillitis I Etiology, Pathology and Clinical Manifestation II Herbal Treatment 1 Wind-Heat Invading Lung 2 Strong Heat in Lung and Stomach III Acupuncture Treatment IV Case Study Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review IV Additional Exercises Part VI: Some Emergency Conditions 66 Syncope I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestations and Key Points for Diagnosis III Herbal Treatment 1 Strength Type of Qi Syncope 2 Deficiency Type of Qi Syncope 3 Strength Type of Blood Syncope Deficiency Type of Blood Syncope 5 Summer Heat Syncope 6 Phlegm Syncope 7 Food Retention Syncope IV Acupuncture Treatment V Case Study Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review IV Additional Exercises 67 Shock I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation and Key Points for Diagnosis III Herbal Treatment 1 Qi-Shock 2 Blood-Shock 3 Yin-Shock 4 Yang-Shock IV Acupuncture Treatment V Case Study Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review IV Additional Exercises 68 Seizure I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation and Key Points for Diagnosis III Herbal Treatment 1 Extreme Heat Giving Rise to Wind 2 Hyperactive Yang Transforming into Wind 3 Wind Stirring due to Yin Deficiency 4 Interior Invasion by Wind Poisons 5 Exogenous Evils Blocking Meridians IV Acupuncture Treatment V Case Study Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review IV Additional Exercises 69 High Fever I Etiology and Pathology II Clinical Manifestation and Key Points for Diagnosis III Herbal Trea 1 High Fever of Defensive Level i Wind and Cold ii Wind and Heat 2 High Fever of Qi Level i Lung-Heat ii Stomach-Heat iii Heat in Intestines iv Heat in Gallbladder v Dampness-Heat vi Summer Heat Injuring Qi 3 Intense Heat in Nutritive and Blood Levels 4 High Fever due to Internal Injury IV Acupuncture Treatment V Case Study Guidance for Study I Aim of Study II Objectives of Study III Exercises for Review IV Additional Exercises Appendices Appendix I: Tongue Pictures (missing) Appendix II: Acupoints Appendix III: Herbs Appendix IV: Herb Pictures Appendix V: Herbal Formulas Index