ENGLISH

GIS Research Methods: Incorporating Spatial Perspectives

By Sheila Lakshmi Steinberg; Steven J Steinberg

Book information

Publisher
ESRI
Year
2015
ISBN
1589483782, 9781589483781, 9781589484047
Language
english
Format
PDF
Filesize
12 MB (12538580 bytes)
Pages
410\434
Time added
2021-08-31 09:22:48

Description

GIS Research Methods: Incorporating Spatial Perspectives shows researchers how to incorporate spatial thinking and geographic information system (GIS) technology into research design and analysis. Topics include research design, digital data sources, volunteered geographic information, analysis using GIS, and how to link research results to policy and action. The concepts presented in GIS Research Methods can be applied to projects in a range of social and physical sciences by researchers using GIS for the first time and experienced practitioners looking for new and innovative research techniques. Cover Contents Preface Acknowledgments About the authors 1. Why think spatially? Using spatial knowledge What is GIS? A new approach to research methods The spatial advantage for research Spatial analysis Spatial thinking in research Multiple research methods approach Sociospatial thinking GIS as a useful tool 2. Spatial conceptualization and implementation The G in GIS The I in GIS The S in GIS Conceptual data model: Incorporating GIS Analytical approach: Phases of abstraction Determining project goals Guiding questions Steps in the research process Moving forward 3. Research design What is the purpose of your research? Deductive versus inductive approach to research Stages of sociospatial research for deductive research Grounded theory: GIS using an inductive approach Sociospatial grounded theory using GIS 4. Research ethics and spatial inquiry Research ethics and GIS Errors caused by analysis Errors in human inquiry Ecological fallacy Ethics and data collection Ethics and data sharing Ethics and data storage 5. Measurement, sampling, and boundaries Moving beyond your personal experience Choosing a sampling method for your spatial analysis Concepts, variables, and attributes Different data types: Matching geographic and social variables Data sampling and GIS Study area and sample unit boundaries 6. Using secondary digital and nondigital data sources in research Evaluating data sources Searching for secondary data Evaluating data suitability Obtaining GIS data from the Internet Choosing GIS variables Validity and reliability Obtaining data from offline sources Using news as a source of data 7. Survey and interview spatial data collection and databases Developing your own data Spatializing your survey or interview questions Using GIS in the field, with and without a computer Data collection considerations Unit of analysis Database concepts and GIS Rules for GIS database development Creating GIS-friendly data tables 8. Public participation GIS Public participation GIS and participatory GIS Using public participation GIS as part of mixed methods Does using GIS mean I have to be “high-tech” in the field? Volunteered geographic information Maps of your research area Qualitative data and GIS files Conducting a PPGIS data collection Preparing for your own PPGIS session 9. Qualitative spatial ethnographic field research Sociospatial documentation Integrating GIS into field research Ethnography Case study research Oral history interviews Participant observation Data cataloging 10. Evaluation research from a spatial perspective What is evaluation research? Why do evaluation research? Sociospatial evaluation research Presenting the spatial evaluation The challenges and benefits of evaluation research 11. Conducting analysis with ArcGIS software Approaching the analysis Analysis techniques Cartographic classification Buffer and overlay Spatial interpolation and simulation Modeling When to use GIS as a problem-solving tool Potential pitfalls Spatial statistics ArcGIS Spatial Analyst 12. Spatial analysis of qualitative data Qualitative data and GIS What are qualitative data? Spatial qualitative analysis Steps for spatial qualitative analysis 13. Communicating results and visualizing spatial information Keys to effective communication GIS output Selecting the mode of communication Preparing the final product Conclusion 14. Linking results to policy and action GIS and visualizing policy What is policy? Challenges to creating good policy A fire example Coordinating data Decision support systems From maps to action How to create good place-based policy Final thoughts 15. Future directions for geospatial use Imagine the future Geospatial agility Image versus data A rebirth of spatial awareness GIS is an art form GIS as change technology The role of geospatial crowdsourcing New directions for GIS-based research Parting thoughts Suggestions for student research projects Index Back cover

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