Europe in the Sixteenth Century

Description

Contents List of Plates Acknowledgements List of Maps 1 The Economic Foundations of the Sixteenth Century Introduction The Mediterranean South Germany The Baltic and the Netherlands The Portuguese Discoveries The Spanish Discoveries 2 The Cultural and Spiritural Foundations of the Sixteenth Century The Urban Environment of the Italian Renaissance The Studia Humanitatis and Renaissance Optimism Patrons and Patronage in Renaissance Italy Renaissance Art in Italy Northern Humanism Art and Music in Northern Europe The Eve of the Reformation Martin Luther's Spiritual Crisis 3 International Conflict 1450-1520 France and Burgundy Europe and Islam 1453 - 1320 The Italian Wars 1454 - 1519 Warfare and Diplomacy 4 The Western Monarchies by 1520 Royal Authority in France to 1515 The Kingdoms of Castile and Aragon to 1516 The Papacy, the Empire and the Habsburgs 5 The European Economy and Overseas Trade in the Sixteenth Century Inflation and Population Growth The Social Consequences of Inflation Mediterranean Trade Northern and Atlantic Trade Portugal, the Estado da India and Brazil Spain and America Capital and Capitalism 6 Charles V The Burgundian Inheritance The Kingdoms of Castile and Aragon Habsburg-Valois Rivalry Suleyman the Magnificent 1520 - 66 The Holy Roman Empire 1519 - 55 The German Response to Lutheranism 7 Protestantism and the Counter-reformation The Swiss Reformers The Foundations of the Catholic Reformation The Papacy and the Counter-reformation 8 Eastern Europe and the Baltic Poland and Lithuania 1444 - 1609 Russia 1462 - 1605 Gustav Vasa and Swedish Independence Sweden and the Vasas 1560 - 1600 9 France 1515-98 The Reigns of Francis I and Henry II The Wars of Religion to 1572 The Later Wars and the Accession of Henry IV 10 The Habsburgs in Europe, 1565-1600 The Government of Philip II of Spain The Revolt of the Netherlands 1555 - 72 The Revolt of the Netherlands 1572 - 1609 Philip II and International Conflict The Austrian Habsburgs and the Holy Roman Empire 11 Art, Music and the Sciences Mannerism in Italian Art The Art of Venice and Northern Europe Music and the Beginnings of Opera and Ballet The Prelude to the Scientific Revolution Bibliography Index