Hydrogen Sulfide in Plant Biology: Past and Present

Description

Hydrogen Sulfide in Plant Biology: Past and Present includes 17 chapters, with topics from cross-talk and lateral root development under stress, to post-translational modifications and disease resistance. With emerging research on the different roles and applications of H2S, this title compiles the latest advances of this key signaling molecule. The development of a plant requires complex signaling of various molecules like H2S in order to achieve regulated and proper development, hence hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has emerged as an important signaling molecule that regulates nearly each and every stage of a plant’s lifecycle. Edited by leading experts in the field, this is a must-read for scientists and researchers interested in plant physiology, biochemistry and ecology. Front Cover Hydrogen Sulfide in Plant Biology Copyright Page Contents List of contributors 1 Hydrogen sulfide regulates temperature stress in plants 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Temperature stress 1.2.1 Chilling stress in plants 1.2.2 Chilling-induced effects on plants 1.2.2.1 Seed germination 1.2.2.2 Growth and development 1.2.2.3 Gaseous exchange and photosynthesis 1.2.2.4 Water and nutrient relations 1.2.2.5 Oxidative stress and osmotic balance 1.2.2.6 Yield attributes 1.2.2.7 Chilling stress and postharvest quality of fresh fruits and vegetables 1.2.3 High-temperature or heat stress in plants 1.2.4 High-temperature-induced effects on plants 1.2.4.1 Seed germination and plant growth 1.2.4.2 Gas exchange and photosynthesis 1.2.4.3 Nutrient and water relations 1.2.4.4 Osmotic balance and oxidative stress 1.2.4.5 Pollen production and pollination 1.2.4.6 Yield attributes 1.2.5 H2S-induced regulation of temperature stress in plants 1.2.6 Crosstalk of H2S with other molecules during temperature stress 1.2.7 H2S and chilling stress in plants 1.2.7.1 H2S regulates chilling stress responsive genes 1.2.7.2 H2S-induced low-temperature/chilling tolerance 1.2.8 H2S and high-temperature stress in plants 1.2.8.1 H2S regulates high-temperature responsive genes 1.2.8.2 H2S-induced high-temperature/heat tolerance 1.3 Conclusion and future perspectives References 2 Crosstalk of hydrogen sulfide with melatonin and nitric oxide in ripening of fruits 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Fruit ripening mechanism 2.3 H2S, NO, and melatonin in regulation of fruit ripening 2.3.1 Crosstalk of H2S with NO during ripening 2.3.2 Crosstalk of melatonin with NO 2.3.3 Crosstalk between H2S, melatonin and NO 2.4 Sole role of H2S in fruit ripening 2.4.1 H2S and fruit ripening 2.4.2 Role of H2S in delaying ripening and conserving quality during postharvest 2.4.2.1 H2S and color changes 2.4.2.2 H2S and postharvest chilling injury 2.4.2.3 H2S and postharvest oxidative stress 2.4.2.4 H2S, ethylene production, and respiratory metabolism 2.4.2.5 H2S, membrane integrity, and lipid peroxidation 2.4.2.6 H2S and postharvest diseases 2.4.2.7 H2S and postharvest fruit softening 2.5 Nitric oxide and fruit ripening 2.5.1 NO and postharvest fruit quality 2.5.2 NO and postharvest senescence reduction 2.5.3 NO and biochemical quality conservation 2.5.4 NO and chilling injury 2.5.5 NO and postharvest diseases 2.5.6 Action mechanism of NO 2.5.7 NO, intracellular energy, and sugar metabolism 2.6 Melatonin and fruit ripening 2.6.1 Role of melatonin in postharvest fruit quality 2.6.2 Melatonin and postharvest senescence 2.6.3 Melatonin, chilling injury, and disease reduction 2.6.4 Action mechanism of melatonin 2.7 Conclusion and future prospects References 3 Role of hydrogen sulfide in alleviating oxidative stress in plants through induction of antioxidative defense mechanism, ... 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Biosynthesis of hydrogen sulfide in plant cells under adverse environmental conditions 3.3 Role of hydrogen sulfide as an emergent signaling molecule in plants 3.3.1 Interaction of H2S with other signaling molecule to enhance antioxidative defense mechanism 3.4 Role of H2S in acceleration of antioxidative mechanism in plants during abiotic stress condition 3.4.1 Function of hydrogen sulfide in mitigation of drought stress in plants 3.4.2 Hydrogen sulfide improves salinity tolerance in plants 3.4.3 Protective functions of H2S in response to heavy metal and metalloid toxicity 3.4.4 Bioprotective nature of hydrogen sulfide on plant thermotolerance 3.4.5 Protective function of hydrogen sulfide under cold stress 3.5 Role of H2S in ionic and osmotic homeostasis in plants under various abiotic stresses 3.6 Interaction of H2S and physiological responses in plants imposed to various abiotic stresses 3.7 Conclusions and future prospective Acknowledgments References 4 Regulation of metal stress toxicity in plants by the hydrogen sulfide 4.1 Introduction 4.2 H2S in plants: metabolism and role in plant development 4.3 H2S-induced protein persulfidation during oxidative stress 4.4 H2S signaling triggered by heavy metal stress 4.5 H2S-induced metal stress tolerance 4.6 Conclusions and future perspectives References 5 Hydrogen sulfide and lateral root development in plants under stress 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Hydrogen sulfide and environmental stress 5.3 Signaling of hydrogen sulfide 5.4 Hydrogen sulfide and production of lateral roots 5.5 Conclusions References 6 General view on H2S and abiotic stress tolerance in plants 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Insight into H2S metabolism 6.3 Protein persulfidation induced by H2S due to oxidative stress 6.4 H2S in abiotic stress tolerance 6.4.1 Ameliorative roles of H2S during drought stress 6.4.2 Ameliorative roles of H2S during salinity stress 6.4.3 Ameliorative roles of H2S during temperature stress 6.4.4 Ameliorative roles of H2S during heavy metal stress 6.5 H2S and plant growth regulators 6.6 Conclusion References 7 Role of H2S in plants: a current update 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Sulfide: an emerging signal molecule 7.3 H2S synthesis in plants 7.4 Biological significance of H2S 7.5 Crosstalk of H2S with other signals 7.6 Conclusion References 8 Hydrogen sulfide and nitric oxide crosstalk in plants under stress 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Similarities and differences between NO and H2S 8.2.1 Physicochemical aspects 8.2.2 Metabolic processes 8.2.3 Signaling pathways 8.2.3.1 Reaction with metals 8.2.3.2 Reactions with oxidants 8.2.3.3 Reaction with thiols 8.3 NO and H2S and their role in plants at physiological conditions 8.3.1 Seed dormancy/germination 8.3.2 Root organogenesis 8.3.3 Stomatal closure 8.3.4 Leaf senescence 8.3.5 Fruit ripening 8.4 Crosstalk between H2S and NO in plants under stress conditions 8.4.1 Abiotic stress 8.4.1.1 Salt and drought stress 8.4.1.2 Heavy metal stress 8.4.1.3 Heat stress and chilling 8.4.2 Biotic stress 8.5 Conclusions and future perspectives Acknowledgment References 9 Gene regulation by H2S in plants 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Multilayered transcriptional regulation 9.3 H2S and epigenetics 9.3.1 Histone modification (histone methylation/demethylation or acetylation/deacetylation) by catalytic functions of histo... 9.3.2 DNA cytosine methylation 9.3.3 Noncoding ribonucleic acid (RNA) regulation; fully discussed in the next title 9.4 H2S and microRNA, and epigenetic feedback loop 9.4.1 MicroRNAs can influence both histone and DNA modifications through targeting the responsible enzymes 9.4.2 The epigenetic machinery controls gene transcriptions of microRNAs 9.4.3 MicroRNAs control H2S biosynthesis 9.4.4 H2S modulates microRNAs 9.5 H2S, hormones, epigenetics, and transcriptional landscape 9.5.1 Phytohormones involves in H2S production and homeostasis 9.5.2 H2S contributes to the modulation of biosynthesis, signaling, and/or functions of phytohormones 9.6 H2S, mitochondria, chloroplast, epigenetics, and gene regulation 9.7 H2S and transcription factors 9.8 Ca2+, Ca2+/CaM, H2S, and gene regulation 9.8.1 Ca2+/CaM signaling regulates H2S production and homeostasis 9.8.2 H2S can effectively participate in the modulation of Ca2+ signaling 9.9 H2S, mitogen-activated protein kinase, signal transduction, and transcriptional control 9.10 Crosstalk between NO and H2S 9.11 Crosstalk between H2O2 and H2S 9.12 H2S and redox-based gene regulation 9.13 H2S, cytoskeleton, and gene regulation 9.14 H2S-mediated mechanisms of transcription reprogramming, concluding remarks, and future perspective References 10 Hydrogen sulfide and reactive oxygen species crosstalk and acquisition of abiotic stress tolerance 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Role of hydrogen sulfide in plants 10.2.1 Generation of H2S in plants 10.2.1.1 Endogenous production of H2S under environmental stresses 10.2.2 H2S metabolism in plants 10.2.3 Importance of H2S in plants as a signaling molecule 10.3 Hydrogen sulfide and reactive oxygen species crosstalk during abiotic stress in plants 10.3.1 H2S and antioxidative defense mechanism 10.3.2 H2S and reactive oxygen species 10.3.3 Cooperative interactions of H2S and reactive oxygen species in plants 10.4 Conclusion and future perspectives Acknowledgments References 11 Regulation of salinity stress by hydrogen sulfide in plants 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Impact of salinity stress on plants 11.2.1 Impact of salinity on growth 11.2.2 Impact of salinity on photosynthesis 11.2.3 Impact of salinity on oxidative stress 11.3 Role of H2S in plant biology 11.4 Role of H2S in plants under salinity stress 11.4.1 Impact on photosynthesis 11.4.2 Impact on oxidative stress 11.4.3 Impact on antioxidative system 11.5 Role of H2S in plant productivity under salinity stress 11.6 Conclusion References 12 Regulation of drought stress by hydrogen sulfide in plants 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Impact of drought stress on plants 12.2.1 Impact on growth and photosynthesis 12.2.2 Impact on oxidative stress 12.3 Role of hydrogen sulfide in plant biology 12.4 Role of H2S in plants under drought stress 12.4.1 Impact on photosynthesis 12.4.2 Impact on oxidative stress 12.4.3 Impact on antioxidative system 12.5 Role of H2S in plant productivity under drought stress 12.6 Conclusion References 13 Hydrogen sulfide and phytohormones crosstalk in plant defense against pathogen attack 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Impact of pathogens on plant physiology 13.3 Effect of H2S on plant morphology 13.4 Hydrogen sulfide–plant hormone crosstalk under pathogen attack 13.4.1 Crosstalk between hydrogen sulfide and abscisic acid 13.4.2 Crosstalk between hydrogen sulfide and salicylic acid 13.4.3 Crosstalk between hydrogen sulfide and auxins 13.4.4 Crosstalk between hydrogen sulfide and jasmonic acid 13.4.5 Crosstalk between hydrogen sulfide and ethylene 13.4.6 Crosstalk between hydrogen sulfide and gibberellic acid 13.5 Conclusion References 14 Role of H2S in plants against radiation stress 14.1 Introduction-role of H2S 14.2 Effect of radiation 14.3 Plant’s response against radiation 14.4 H2S helps in the amelioration of radiation stress by interacting with other compounds 14.5 H2S itself is triggered by UV radiation 14.6 Antistress role of H2S exhibited by regulating antioxidative enzyme activities and antioxidant contents References 15 Hydrogen sulfide and phytohormones crosstalk in plant defense against abiotic stress 15.1 Introduction 15.2 Generation of H2S in plants 15.3 Role of H2S in plants under abiotic stress 15.3.1 Salt stress 15.3.2 Water stress 15.3.3 Heat stress 15.3.4 Metal stress 15.4 Ameliorative role of phytohormones in plants under abiotic stress 15.5 Crosstalk of H2S with phytohormones under various abiotic stresses 15.5.1 H2S and auxin interaction 15.5.2 H2S and ethylene interaction 15.5.3 H2S and abscisic acid interaction 15.5.4 H2S and gibberellic acid interaction 15.5.5 H2S and jasmonic acid 15.5.6 An outline of crosstalk between H2S and phytohormones 15.6 Conclusion and future perspectives References 16 Implication of H2S and Ca signaling in abiotic stress tolerance in plants 16.1 Introduction 16.2 Role of different signaling molecules in plants during abiotic stresses 16.2.1 Calcium 16.2.2 Reactive sulfur species 16.2.3 Reactive carbonyl species 16.2.4 Reactive oxygen species 16.2.5 Reactive nitrogen species 16.3 Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and Ca2+ signaling during different types of abiotic stress tolerance in plants 16.3.1 Salt stress 16.3.1.1 H2S signaling during salt stress 16.3.1.2 Ca2+ signaling during salt stress 16.3.2 Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and Ca2+ signaling during temperature stress 16.3.2.1 Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) signaling during temperature stress 16.3.2.2 Calcium signaling during temperature stress 16.3.2.3 Interplay between H2S and calcium signaling during plant response to temperature stress 16.3.3 Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and Ca2+ signaling during heavy metal stress 16.3.4 Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and Ca2+ signaling during drought stress 16.3.4.1 Effect of H2S on plants under drought conditions 16.3.4.2 Ca2+ signaling in plants under drought stress 16.3.4.3 Interactions between H2S and Ca2+ lead to drought tolerance by stomatal closure 16.3.5 Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and Ca2+ signaling during flooding stress 16.3.6 Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and Ca2+ signaling during other stresses 16.4 Crosstalk between H2S and Ca2+ signaling during plant responses to abiotic stress 16.5 Conclusion and future perspective References 17 Hydrogen sulfide homeostasis in plants: An overview 17.1 Introduction 17.1.1 Source of H2S in plants 17.1.1.1 Environmental sources 17.1.1.2 Intracellular sources 17.1.2 Role of H2S in plants 17.1.2.1 As toxin 17.1.2.2 As substrate 17.1.2.3 As signaling molecule 17.2 H2S effects on plant growth and development 17.3 H2S effects on physiological homeostasis 17.3.1 On gas exchange parameter 17.3.1.1 On photosynthesis 17.3.1.2 On stomatal conductance 17.3.1.3 On respiration 17.3.1.4 On relative water content 17.3.2 H2S effects on mineral nutrition 17.4 H2S homeostasis during metal toxicity 17.5 Hydrogen sulfide effects and enzymatic homeostasis in plants 17.5.1 On membrane degradation 17.5.2 On reactive oxygen species defense and homeostasis 17.5.3 Antioxidant and antioxidant enzyme activity 17.6 Hydrogen sulfide and molecular homeostasis in plants 17.6.1 The molecular mechanism behind H2S homeostasis 17.6.2 Biotechnological application of H2S in plants 17.6.3 H2S-mediated regulation of gene and protein expression 17.6.3.1 H2S-induced protein persulfidation under stress 17.7 Conclusion and future prospects Acknowledgments References Index Back Cover