History of Technology Volume Volume 34, 2019: Special Issue: History of Technology in Latin America

Description

Despite having undergone major advances in recent years, the history of technology in Latin America is still an understudied topic. This is the first English-language volume to bring together a variety of critical perspectives on the history of technology in Latin America from the early-19th century through to the present day. This special issue, assembled by guest editor David Pretel, brings together a range of experts to explore a plethora of topics in Latin America’s technological history. Papers include a study of rural telephony in in 20th-century Latin America; the rise of the ‘Techno-class’ in modern Brazil; an analysis of the rise and fall of three Caribbean commodities; the history of educational technology in Latin America, and science and technology in Cold War Chile. Cover page Halftitle page Series page Title page Copyright page CONTENTS Technology in Latin American History: Perspectives, Scales and Comparisons BETWEEN DEPENDENCE AND AUTONOMY LATIN AMERICAN TECHNOLOGIES IN GLOBAL HISTORY LATIN AMERICAN HISTORIES OF TECHNOLOGY IN THE ASIAN AGE TECHNOLOGY IN LATIN AMERICAN HISTORIES NOTES AND REFERENCES Centrifugal Capitalism: Struggles over Infrastructure in the Sugar Ports of Nineteenth century Cuba COUNTERINSURGENCY, MERCHANT CONFLICT AND A WAREHOUSE GRAB IN C Á RDENAS ATLANTIC MARITIME SHIPPING, TARIFF POLICY AND INFRASTRUCTURAL CHANGE TRANSPORT LOGISTICS, CITY-SYSTEMS AND THE DIVISION OF CAPITALS NOTES AND REFERENCES Machucados and Salvavidas : Patented Humour in the Technified Spaces of Everyday Life in Mexico City, 1900–1910 INTRODUCTION SETTING THE STAGE FOOD FOR THOUGHT REATA ! (A ROPE!) STREETS INTO LABS CONCLUSION NOTES AND REFERENCES Bringing Communication to the Countryside: Rural Telephony in Latin America, 1900–1985 A STEP TO REGIONAL INDEPENDENCE: RURAL TELEPHONY IN CHIAPAS, 1896–1930 THE TELEPHONE AS ‘CONTRIBUTION TO LOCAL PROGRESS’: MOBILIZING FOR ACCESS IN MEXICAN RURAL COMMUNITIES UNEVEN EXPANSION: STATE PROGRAMMES AND COOPERATIVES FOR RURAL TELEPHONY IN LATIN AMERICA, 1940s TO 1980s BETWEEN PLANNING EUPHORIA AND LOW-COST EQUIPMENT: THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF DEVELOPMENT COOPERATION NEW OPPORTUNITIES, BUT FEARS OF TECHNOLOGICAL DEPENDENCY: THE IMPACT OF SATELLITE TECHNOLOGY SURVEYS ON TELEPHONE USE IN RURAL LATIN AMERICA, 1970s TO 1980s CONCLUSION NOTES AND REFERENCES Interrelations and Disruptions in the Exchange of Knowledge: Coal, Geology and Industrialization in Mexico INTERRELATIONS OF KNOWLEDGE ON COAL DEPOSITS DISRUPTIONS OF KNOWLEDGE TRANSMISSION CONCLUSION: ACCELERATING THE MEXICAN ENERGY TRANSITION NOTES AND REFERENCES Machines and Texts: Writing the History of Educational Technology in Latin America TECHNOLOGIES OF EDUCATION PATENTS OF PEDAGOGICAL INNOVATION AUDIO-VISUAL AND MASS COMMUNICATION MEDIA FOR EDUCATION CONCLUSIONS NOTES AND REFERENCES Technology and the Fates of Three Caribbean Commodities INTRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY, COMMODITIES AND FRONTIER CAPITALISM A TECHNOLOGICAL HISTORY OF MAYA COMMODITY FRONTIERS FROM TECHNOLOGICAL TRAJECTORIES TO COMMODIFIED NATURE AND CULTURE NOTES AND REFERENCES Brazil’s Mid- twentieth century‘Techno-class’ and the Search for Moderate Reform TECHNOCRATS AND THE EXPANDING MIDDLE CLASS IN TWENTIETH-CENTURY LATIN AMERICA BRAZIL’S DROUGHT TECHNOCRATS AND THE POLITICS OF THE PROFESSIONAL MIDDLE CLASS THE MIDDLE POLITICS OF AGRONOMISTS IN BRAZIL’S MID-TWENTIETH-CENTURY SERTÃO CONCLUSION NOTES AND REFERENCES Challenging Martial Masculinity: The Intrusionof Digital Computers into the Argentinian Armed Forces in the 1960s INTRODUCTION THE FIRST DIGITAL COMPUTERS IN LATIN AMERICA AND ARGENTINA THE ARGENTINE MILITARY AND ITS RELUCTANCE TO ACCEPT COMPUTERS IN THE EARLY 1960s PROPAGATORS OF COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY WITHIN THE ARMED FORCES ENVISIONING SUCCESSFUL ALLIANCES BETWEEN COMPUTERS AND MEN THE COMPUTER AS AN ALLY OF THE ARGENTINIAN ARMED FORCES? CONCLUSION NOTES AND REFERENCES Transnational Astronomy: Science, Technology and Local Agenda in Cold War Chile TRANSNATIONAL ASTRONOMY: SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND LOCAL AGENDA IN COLD WAR CHILE THE 1960s IN THE SOUTHERN CONE: WHY TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE MATTERED FOREIGNER SCIENTISTS AT THE END OF THE WORLD CHILEANS AND FOREIGNERS DEALING WITH SCIENCE ASTRONOMY AND POWER: FINAL REMARKS NOTES AND REFERENCES The Curious Case of Cuba’s Biotech Revolution THE RISE OF THE BIOTECHNOLOGY SECTOR PUBLIC MONEY FOR PRIVATE PROFIT? THE HISTORICAL TRAJECTORY OF CUBAN MEDICAL SCIENCE REVOLUTIONARY CHANGE FROM 1959 GUEVARA: REVOLUTIONARY, MEDIC, INDUSTRIALIST THE CURIOUS ORIGINS OF CUBAN BIOTECHNOLOGY CUBA’S MENINGITIS MIRACLE SCIENCE CITY ONCOLOGY MEETS BIOTECHNOLOGY THE SPECIAL PERIOD – BIOTECHNOLOGY EXEMPT! BIOTECHNOLOGY WITH CUBAN CHARACTERISTICS THE CUBAN CURE BIOCUBAFARMA CUBAN BIOTECH EXPORTS CONCLUSION NOTES AND REFERENCES A Song of Water and Fire: The Brief Coming of Age of the Venezuelan Oil Industry’s R&D Programme at the turn of the Twentieth Century INTRODUCTION A MARRIAGE OF CONVENIENCE HDH PLUS ™ AND AQUACONVERSION ™ ORIMULSION ® , THE NEW HYDROCARBON FUEL IN THE MARKET 1999 TO 2003: THE WATERSHED YEARS A SWAN SONG OF WATER AND FIRE EPITAPH, POR AHORA ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS NOTES AND REFERENCES LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS