Canguilhem and Continental Philosophy of Biology

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Canguilhem and Continental Philosophy of Biology Copyright Contents Introduction 1 Introduction References Part I: Biophilosophical Backgrounds: Faultlines and Forerunners Analytic and Continental Approaches to Biology and Philosophy: David Hull and Marjorie Grene on ‘What Philosophy of Biology Is Not’ 1 Introduction 2 Marjorie Grene and David Hull Contrasted 3 Contested Origin Stories About the Philosophy of Biology 4 Writing ‘What Philosophy of Biology Is Not’ (WPOBIN) 5 Philosophy of Biology Versus Biological Philosophy, or Hull Against Grene 6 Conclusion References All Knowledge Is Orientation: Marjorie Grene’s Ecological Epistemology 1 Introduction 2 Grene’s Intellectual Biography 3 History of Philosophy 4 Philosophy of Biology 5 Epistemology, Metaphysics, and Philosophical Anthropology Bibliography Abbreviations for Works by Grene Works by Grene Works by Others “Dilettantes of Life.” Franco-German Refractions of Anthropogenesis in Twentieth Century Philosophy 1 Philosophical Biology Vs. Biological Philosophy 2 The Sources. Klaatsch, Alsberg, Bolk 3 Philosophical Anthropology between an Anthropology of need and an Anthropology of Desire 3.1 Gehlen 3.2 Scheler 3.3 Plessner 4 Fractionaries of an Anthropology of Desire from Lack. The French Constellation, with an Exemplary Focus on Jacques Lacan 5 Conclusion References Part II: Canguilhem’s Philosophy of Biology “Unknown Material”? Georges Canguilhem, French Philosophy and Medicine 1 Introduction 2 Matter/Material, Concrete 3 Different Material: Sociology or Psychology 4 Medicine References Life, Concept and Purpose: The Organism as a Connection in Kant’s Critical Philosophy and Georges Canguilhem’s Historical Epistemology 1 Life, Concept and Organic Knowledge in Kant and Canguilhem 2 Organism and Purpose from Kant’s Pre-Critical Writings to the Opus Postumum 2.1 The Organism in the Pre-Critical Writings and in the CPR 2.2 The Organism in the CJ 2.3 The Organism in the OP 3 Biological Individuality and Organism in Georges Canguilhem’s Philosophy 4 Conclusion References Canguilhem’s Divided Subject: A Kantian Perspective on the Intertwinement of Logic and Life 1 Introduction 2 The Concept and Life: From Ontology to Epistemology, via Logic 3 Aristotle’s Paradigm: The Primacy of the Individual 4 The Life of the Concept: Kant’s Logical Horizon and the Regulativity of the Principle of Purposiveness 5 From Kant’s Critique to Hegel’s Aristotelianism 6 Is Logic Intrinsic to Life, or Does Life Disconcert Logic? Towards Life as Dissatisfaction 7 The Divided Subject’s Broken Judgment 8 The Desire to Find the True Is What Invents It. On Logic’s Needs 9 Conclusion References Knowledge, Life, and Error. Nietzschean Themes in the Work of Georges Canguilhem References Neither Angel Nor Beast: Life and/Versus Mind in Canguilhem and Merleau-Ponty 1 Mind-Life Problem: Between Transcendentalism and Life Philosophy 2 Reflexive Scientist: Circularity Between Life and Mind 3 Dialectical Ferment: Vital Normativity 4 Not an Angel: On Praktognosia 5 Nor a Beast: On Symbolic Behaviour 6 Living Minds, Minded Lives: The Relation of Foundation References Works by Canguilhem and Merleau-Ponty (Abbreviations): Other sources: Canguilhem and the Promise of the Flesh 1 Introduction 2 Phenomenology’s Romance of the Flesh 3 Canguilhem on Embodied Experience 4 Canguilhem and the garde-fou of Scientific Truth 5 Conclusion References Part III: Beyond Canguilhem What Is Biological Normativity? 1 Introduction 1.1 A Physiological Constant Is Not an Invariant 1.2 Physiology and Pathology 1.3 Propulsive and Repulsive Constants 1.4 An Extended Definition of Closure? References Self-Organizing Life: Michel Serres and the Problem of Meaning 1 Introduction 2 Serres and Canguilhem 2.1 Serres as an Isolated Philosopher 2.2 Serres and Althusserianism 3 Another Biophilosophy Is Possible 3.1 The New New Scientific Spirit 3.2 Henri Atlan and the Problem of Meaning 4 A Biophilosophy Without a Subject 4.1 The Scapegoat as Self-Organization 4.2 Science as Order Out of Noise 5 Conclusion References French Philosophy of Technology and Technoscience: A Study on the Mode of Existence of Bio-objects 1 A New Philosophical Object: What Is a Technoscientific Object? 2 Philosophy of Technology and Biotechnologies: What Technoscientific Object Is the Bio-object? 3 A Simondonian Ontology of Technical Objects: How to Redefine Bio-objects? References A Bergsonian Perspective on Causality and Evolution 1 The Bergsonian Criticism of the Hidden Finalism of the Theories of Evolution 2 Understanding the élan vital 3 Topicality of the élan vital 4 The Lessons of the élan vital on the Causality in Evolution References