Brain Glycogen Metabolism

Description

This book aims to provide a state-of-the-art summary of what is currently known about brain glycogen metabolism, detailing the recent advances in our understanding of why glycogen is so critical for normal brain function. The role of glycogen in cellular neurophysiology remains largely unclear and its specific contribution to the energy demand of brain cells is still elusive.Glycogen is the sole cerebral glucose reserve and is emerging as a fundamental component of brain energy metabolism. Pharmacological or genetic manipulation of glycogen metabolism in the brain impairs memory formation and increases susceptibility to epileptic seizures and cortical spreading depression. Glycogen is also directly implicated in abnormal neuronal excitability and mental retardation that characterize brain disorders like Lafora disease and Pompe disease. Front Matter ....Pages i-viii Major Advances in Brain Glycogen Research: Understanding of the Roles of Glycogen Have Evolved from Emergency Fuel Reserve to Dynamic, Regulated Participant in Diverse Brain Functions (Gerald A. Dienel, Gerald M. Carlson)....Pages 1-16 Brain Glycogen Structure and Its Associated Proteins: Past, Present and Future (M. Kathryn Brewer, Matthew S. Gentry)....Pages 17-81 Structure and Regulation of Glycogen Synthase in the Brain (Bartholomew A. Pederson)....Pages 83-123 The Structure and the Regulation of Glycogen Phosphorylases in Brain (Cécile Mathieu, Jean-Marie Dupret, Fernando Rodrigues-Lima)....Pages 125-145 Regional Distribution of Glycogen in the Mouse Brain Visualized by Immunohistochemistry (Yuki Oe, Sonam Akther, Hajime Hirase)....Pages 147-168 Technical and Comparative Aspects of Brain Glycogen Metabolism (Long Wu, Nicholas J. M. Butler, Raymond A. Swanson)....Pages 169-185 Metabolism of Glycogen in Brain White Matter (Angus M. Brown, Laura R. Rich, Bruce R. Ransom)....Pages 187-207 Glycogenolysis in Cerebral Cortex During Sensory Stimulation, Acute Hypoglycemia, and Exercise: Impact on Astrocytic Energetics, Aerobic Glycolysis, and Astrocyte-Neuron Interactions (Gerald A. Dienel, Douglas L. Rothman)....Pages 209-267 State-Dependent Changes in Brain Glycogen Metabolism (Mauro DiNuzzo, Anne B. Walls, Gülin Öz, Elizabeth R. Seaquist, Helle S. Waagepetersen, Lasse K. Bak et al.)....Pages 269-309 Glycogen in Astrocytes and Neurons: Physiological and Pathological Aspects (Jordi Duran, Agnès Gruart, Juan Carlos López-Ramos, José M. Delgado-García, Joan J. Guinovart)....Pages 311-329 Endurance and Brain Glycogen: A Clue Toward Understanding Central Fatigue (Takashi Matsui, Mariko Soya, Hideaki Soya)....Pages 331-346 Role of Brain Glycogen During Ischemia, Aging and Cell-to-Cell Interactions (Chinthasagar Bastian, John Quinn, Christine Doherty, Caroline Franke, Anna Faris, Sylvain Brunet et al.)....Pages 347-361 Dysregulation of Glycogen Metabolism with Concomitant Spatial Memory Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes: Potential Beneficial Effects of Chronic Exercise (Mariko Soya, Subrina Jesmin, Takeru Shima, Takashi Matsui, Hideaki Soya)....Pages 363-383 Development of a Model to Test Whether Glycogenolysis Can Support Astrocytic Energy Demands of Na+, K+-ATPase and Glutamate-Glutamine Cycling, Sparing an Equivalent Amount of Glucose for Neurons (Douglas L. Rothman, Gerald A. Dienel)....Pages 385-433 Back Matter ....Pages 435-443