Data Protection and Privacy: The Age of Intelligent Machines

Description

This volume arises from the tenth annual International Conference on Computers, Privacy, and Data Protection (CPDP 2017) held in Brussels in January 2017, bringing together papers that offer conceptual analyses, highlight issues, propose solutions, and discuss practices regarding privacy and data protection. Topics explored include: Directive 95/46/EU and the GDPR moving from a market framing to a 'treaty-based' games frame; the GDPR requirements regarding machine learning; the need for transparency in automated decision-making systems to warrant against wrong decisions and protecting privacy; the risk-revolution in EU data protection law; data security challenges of Industry 4.0 and (new) types of data introduced in the GDPR; privacy design implications of conversational agents; and reasonable expectations of data protection in Intelligent Orthoses. Data Protection and Privacy was written while the implications of the General Data Protection Regulation 2016/679 were sinking in. It discusses open issues and daring and prospective approaches. This book will serve as an insightful resource for readers with an interest in computers, privacy, and data protection. (Series: Computers, Privacy and Data Protection). Preface......Page 6 Contents......Page 8 List of Contributors......Page 14 I. Introduction......Page 20 II. Rational Choice and Historical Institutionalism......Page 24 III. The CJEU: Filling the Gap, but Why and How Far? Tracing Strategic Interests of the Constitutional Court......Page 27 IV. The Charter—A Victim of Domestic Politics?......Page 32 V. Directive 95/46/EC, GDPR, and the Market Imprint......Page 36 VI. Conclusions......Page 44 References......Page 45 2. The 'Risk Revolution' in EU Data Protection Law: We can't Have Our Cake and Eat it, Too ......Page 52 I. Introduction......Page 53 II. The Role of 'Risk' in the Risk-Based Approach ......Page 56 III. 'Risk' and the Legal Obligations in the GDPR......Page 61 IV. Were the Data Protection Principles and the Data Subject Rights Risk-Based to Start With?......Page 72 V. Conclusion......Page 78 References......Page 79 I. Introduction......Page 82 II. Describing the Harms from Loss of Privacy......Page 83 III. How Does Data Protection Protect against Insecure and Imprecise Use of Data?......Page 90 IV. Measuring the Benefits and Risks of Data-driven Automated Decision-making (Surveillance)......Page 96 V. How Might Regulators Ensure Reliable Information about the Impact of Surveillance Systems be Generated?......Page 100 VI. Conclusion......Page 103 References......Page 104 I. Introduction......Page 108 II. Lawfulness......Page 112 III. Fairness......Page 122 IV. Transparency ......Page 125 V. Conclusions......Page 129 References......Page 131 I. Introduction......Page 134 II. The Three Types of Data......Page 138 III. A Risk-based Analysis of the Three Types of Data......Page 144 IV. Data Sanitisation Techniques and Contextual Controls......Page 149 V. Conclusion......Page 159 References......Page 160 I. Introduction......Page 162 II. Defining IND 4.0—The Regulatory Use and Key Features of a Sui Generis Concept ......Page 164 III. Data Protection Challenges of IND 4.0 and the EU Legal Context......Page 168 IV. Data Security Challenges of IND 4.0 and the EU Legal Context......Page 178 V. Conclusion......Page 182 References......Page 183 I. Introduction......Page 186 II. The Legal Angle: Reasonable Expectations and Privacy by Design......Page 189 III. The Anthropological Angle: Reasonable Expectations of Minors in Brace Therapy......Page 195 IV. Conclusion......Page 206 References......Page 208 I. Introduction......Page 212 II. Conversation as Platform......Page 215 III. The Privacy Impact of Sensed Conversation; A Focus on Child-Facing Technology......Page 218 IV. The Problem of Intelligent Systems......Page 221 V. Conclusions and Recommendations......Page 227 References......Page 230 9. Concluding Remarks at the 10th Computers, Privacy and Data Protection Conference: 27 January 2017 ......Page 232 Index......Page 238