Bone Remodeling and Osseointegration of Implants

Description

This book provides an insight into the latest advances in bone fracture healing and remodeling algorithm and their incorporation into patient-specific finite element models and the use of machine learning and artificial intelligence to predict the bone regeneration and osseointegration process with a certain degree of accuracy. It also examines the applications of numerical models to simulate the fracture healing process, which may prove to be advantageous in determining the optimal mechanical-based treatment or reconstruction after an accident or illness. This book is aimed at medical and dental professionals who are involved in implantology and tissue engineering such as dentists, oral and maxillofacial surgeons, orthopedic surgeons, students, and researchers. Preface Contents 1 Introduction 1.1 Concluding Remarks References 2 The Finite Element Approach 2.1 History Behind the Approach 2.2 Mesh and Mesh-Free 2.3 General Principles 2.4 Constructing the Model 2.5 Assigning Materials Properties of Bone 2.6 Issue with Non-linearity 2.7 Accuracy of FEM 2.8 Concluding Remarks References 3 Understanding the Biomechanics 3.1 Biomechanics of the Mandible 3.1.1 Hypotheses Based on Non-lever Action 3.2 Biomechanics of the Temporomandibular Joint 3.3 Concluding Remarks References 4 Mathematical Analysis of the Mandible 4.1 Tooth Contact and the Biting Force 4.2 Calculating Forces at the TMJ 4.3 Barbenel’s Analysis 4.4 Pruim, De Jongh, Ten Bosch’s Analysis 4.5 Throckmorton and Throckmorton’s Analysis 4.6 Concluding Remarks References 5 Understanding Bone Structures 5.1 Bone Healing Process 5.2 Fracture Healing and Numerical Simulation 5.3 Bone Remodeling Around Dental Implants 5.3.1 Strain Energy Density 5.3.2 Mechanobiological Approach 5.3.3 Stanford Theory 5.4 Concluding Remarks References 6 Patient-Specific Modeling 6.1 Mechanical Properties of Bone Tissue from CT Scans 6.1.1 Hounsfield Units to Density 6.1.2 Cortical Bone 6.1.3 Cancellous Bone 6.2 Muscle Forces and other Boundary Conditions 6.3 Concluding Remarks References 7 Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and Neural Network 7.1 Fuzzy Logic 7.2 Machine Learning and Neural Network 7.3 Predicting the Osseointegration Process 7.4 Design Optimization 7.5 Bone Healing and Remodeling 7.6 Concluding Remarks References