A Grammar of Jamul Tiipay

Description

Abbreviations and conventions 1. Introduction 1.1. Jamul and its people 1.2. The Yuman family and the Kumeyaay (Diegueño) languages 1.3. Neighboring languages 1.4. Previous work 1.5. A brief sketch of Jamul Tiipay 1.6. Fieldwork methods 1.7. Acknowledgments 2. Phonology 2.1. A note about stress and word structure 2.2. Phonemes and their allophones 2.3. Loan words 2.4. Morphophonemics 2.5. Lenition 2.6. Syntactically conditioned lengthening 2.6. Conclusion 3. Lexical structure 3.1. Composition of the verb stem 3.2. Composition of the noun stem 3.3. Kinship terms 4. Derivation 4.1. Causative formation 4.2. Plural formation 4.3. Nominalizations on the subject 4.4. Nominalizations on oblique arguments 4.5. Relative stems 4.6. Irrealis stems 4.8. Stative stems 4.8. Diminutive stems 4.9. Conclusion 5. Inflection 5.1. Verb inflection 5.2. Inflection in the predicate nominal clause 5.3. Noun inflection 5.4. Summary 6. Clause structure 6.1. Constituent order 6.2. Noun phrases 6.3. Nominal syntactic morphology in the clause 6.4. Ditransitive clauses 6.5. Causative clauses 6.6. Reflexives and reciprocals 6.7. Negation in the verbal clause 6.8. Adverbs 6.9. Interrogative/indefinite words 6.10. The predicate nominal construction 6.11. The copula construction 6.12. Modal and aspectual suffixes within the clause 6.13. Modal clitics which follow independent clauses 6.14. Summary and conclusion 7. Relative clauses and nominalized complement clauses 7.1. Relative clauses 7.2. Nominalized complement clauses 7.3. A puzzling set of embedded clauses 8. Clause combining 8.1. The switch reference construction 8.2. The ‘when’ construction 8.3. The conjunction nyapuum ‘then’ 8.4. The conjunction kenaach ‘because’ 8.5. The conjunction nyamaaw ‘or else’ 8.6. The adversative construction 8.7. The purposive construction 8.8. Hypothetical and counterfactual conditionals 8.9. Desiderative clauses 8.10. Summary of cooccurrence restrictions, and position chart 8.11. The syntactic status of the various clause-linking devices 8.12. Closing remarks 9. Auxiliary constructions 9.1. Auxiliary Clause constructions 9.2. Auxiliary Verb constructions 9.3. Expiring auxiliaries 9.4. Auxiliary constructions used for periphrastic expression of causation, frequency, and person of subject 9.5. New and transitory auxiliaries 10. Sample texts and notes on discourse 10.1. Text # 1: The Orphan Boy 10.2. Text #2: Drying Meat 10.3. Notes on discourse 10.4. Summary and conclusion Appendix 1: Some differences between Jamul Tiipay and Mesa Grande ’Iipay References Morpheme index Subject index