Medical Ventilator System Basics: A Clinical Guide

Description

Highly Commended at the BMA Book Awards 2018 Medical Ventilator System Basics: A clinical guide is a user-friendly guide to the basic principles and the technical aspects of mechanical ventilation and modern complex ventilator systems. Designed to be used at the bed side by busy clinicians, this book demystifies the internal workings of ventilators so they can be used with confidence for day-to-day needs, for advanced ventilation, as well as for patients who are difficult to wean off the ventilator. Using clear language, the author guides the reader from pneumatic principles to the anatomy and physiology of respiration. Split into 16 easy to read chapters, this guide discusses the system components such as the ventilator, breathing circuit, and humidifier, and considers the major ventilator functions, including the control parameters and alarms. Including over 200 full-colour illustrations and practical troubleshooting information you can rely on, regardless of ventilator models or brands, this guide is an invaluable quick-reference resource for both experienced and inexperienced users. Cover......Page 1 Medical Ventilator System Basics......Page 4 Copyright......Page 5 Contents......Page 12 Abbreviations......Page 16 1.1 What is mechanical ventilation?......Page 18 1.2 What knowledge is required for mechanical ventilation?......Page 19 1.3 Why does the clinician need to know the equipment?......Page 21 1.4 About this book......Page 23 2.3 Volume (V)......Page 24 2.6 Resistance (R)......Page 26 2.7 Compliance (C)......Page 28 2.8 Time constant (RC)......Page 29 3.2 An overview of respiration......Page 32 3.3 Mechanical ventilation......Page 42 4.2 How is variable Pao generated?......Page 50 4.3 Ventilator system concept......Page 52 4.4 The required conditions......Page 53 5.2 The gas passageway inside a ventilator system......Page 56 5.3 A close look at the individual parts......Page 57 6.2 Artificial humidification......Page 78 6.3 In-​line nebulization......Page 90 6.4 Respiratory gas filtering......Page 95 7.2 Essential variables......Page 100 7.3 From variables to mechanical breaths......Page 113 8.1 Ventilation modes in general......Page 116 8.2 Conventional ventilation modes......Page 120 8.3 Adaptive ventilation modes......Page 129 8.4 Biphasic ventilation modes......Page 137 8.5 How to select a ventilation mode......Page 141 9.1 Controls in general......Page 146 9.2 Common individual controls......Page 147 10.2 Standby......Page 156 10.3 Sigh......Page 157 10.4 Temporary oxygen enrichment......Page 158 10.5 Apnoea and apnoea backup ventilation......Page 159 10.6 Tube resistance compensation (TRC)......Page 163 11.2 General monitoring concepts......Page 174 11.3 Ventilator monitoring system......Page 178 11.4 Required conditions for ventilator monitoring......Page 180 11.5 Presentation of monitoring results......Page 181 11.6 Common pressure monitoring parameters......Page 186 11.7 Common flow monitoring parameters......Page 190 11.8 Common volume monitoring parameters......Page 192 11.9 Common time-​related monitoring parameters......Page 193 11.10 Oxygen concentration......Page 196 12.2 Ventilator alarm system......Page 198 12.3 True alarm or false alarm?......Page 204 12.4 Common ventilator alarms......Page 205 12.5 Responding to ventilator alarms......Page 211 12.6 Ambient state......Page 214 12.7 Event logging......Page 217 13.2 Mechanical ventilation problems in general......Page 218 13.3 Emergency management......Page 220 13.4 Troubleshooting common equipment problems......Page 223 13.5 Error reporting......Page 238 Glossary......Page 240 Index......Page 254