Terahertz Dielectric Resonator Antennas for High Speed Communication and Sensing: From theory to design and implementation

Description

Terahertz dielectric resonator antennas (DRAs) provide ultrafast data transfer rates using large bandwidth and multimode operations, which make them ideal for high speed communication due to their low loss and high efficiency. They can work at microwave, terahertz or optical frequencies, and are compact in size, which makes them well suited for advanced applications in sensing, scanning and imaging. New geometries are being developed for conical optical DRAs, cylindrical optical DRAs and spherical optical DRAs. Spherical optical DRAs have features of super directivity which can be used in quantum radars. Cylindrical optical DRAs with photo diodes can be used for wireless energy harvesting. This book covers the theory, modelling, design and implementation of DRA technologies at the microwave, terahertz or optical regime for future applications in wireless high-speed communication, wireless personal communication and sensor networks. Case studies on new geometries with prototype models are included at the end of this book. Cover Contents About the author Preface 1 Dielectric resonator antennas (DRAs) and its synthesis 1.1 Introduction 1.2 CDRA (cylindrical DRA): design and modeling using silicon-radiating element 1.3 Terahertz or quantum devices characteristics 1.3.1 Theory of TDRA 1.3.2 Terahertz DRA or quantum DRA near fields/far fields 1.3.3 Radiation parameters 1.3.4 Drude’s model theory 1.4 Terahertz MIMO DRA parameters 1.4.1 Microwave DRAs vs optical DRA parameters 1.4.2 Optical DRAs 1.4.3 Radiated fields 1.5 Main functions of terahertz DRA 1.5.1 Some important parameters of microwave and terahertz DRA 1.6 THz DRA model design parameters 1.7 Rectangular nano-DRA design parameters 1.7.1 Design steps 1.8 Conclusion References 2 Dielectric resonator antennas—a comprehensive review 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Propagation of light 2.3 Design of a terahertz dielectric resonator antenna 2.4 Fabrication and testing 2.5 Terahertz antenna far-field radiations: flowchart 2.6 Mathematical analysis of terahertz RDRA 2.7 Approximate analysis of a rectangular quantum antenna 2.8 Terahertz DRA simulation results 2.9 Conclusion References 3 Light–matter interaction in terahertz dielectric resonator antennas (DRA) 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Light–matter interaction theory in a quantum antenna 3.3 Theory of quantum entanglement 3.4 Conclusion Reference 4 Terahertz dielectric resonator antennas design and modeling 4.1 Introduction to terahertz DRA 4.2 Mathematical formulations used to describe working of quantum DRA 4.3 Cylindrical terahertz DRA 4.4 Conical terahertz DRA 4.5 Conclusion References 5 Surface plasmon polytrons (SPP) into terahertz DRA 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Working principle of TDRA 5.3 Terahertz CDRA design and simulations 5.4 Terahertz DRA main features 5.5 Mathematical formulations used in TDRA 5.6 Terahertz DRA applications 5.7 Conclusion References 6 Terahertz conical dielectric resonator antenna—design, simulation and implementations 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Design structure of conical THz DRAs 6.3 Model-1 multiband conical TDRA 6.4 Mathematical modeling of terahertz conical DRA 6.5 Equivalent electrical circuit of conical terahertz DRA 6.6 Conclusion References 7 Cylindrical terahertz and optical DRA—design and analysis 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Model 2 TCDRA at 10-THz resonant frequency 7.2.1 Design computations 7.3 Terahertz antennas detailed description 7.4 Theory of terahertz cylindrical DRA and mathematical formulations 7.5 Optical CDRA description 7.6 Conclusion References 8 Spherical terahertz and optical DRA—design and implementations Abstract 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Design of terahertz spherical DRA at 511 THz 8.3 Mathematical formulations of terahertz spherical DRA 8.4 Results and discussions 8.4.1 Super directivity in spherical DRA 8.5 MIMO (multi-input–multi-output) spherical DRA 8.6 Conclusion References 9 Rectangular terahertz DRA—design, simulation and implementations 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Propagation of light 9.3 Design and simulation of terahertz dielectric resonator antenna 9.4 Synthesis of a terahertz rectangular DRA at optical frequency and its radiation theory 9.5 Mathematical analysis of resonant modes excited into a terahertz rectangular DRA 9.6 Terahertz optical RDRA at 484 THz 9.6.1 Approximate analysis of a rectangular terahertz DRA and its controlled electromagnetic fields 9.7 Conclusion References 10 Equivalent circuit analysis on terahertz and optical dielectric resonator antennas (DRAs) 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Quantum DRA-equivalent circuit mathematical analysis for mixed circuits 10.2.1 Impedance (Zin) 10.2.2 The frequency-dependent resistance is also called dynamic resistance of the circuit 10.2.3 Two resonant modes, i.e. fundamental and higher order 10.2.4 Second resonant mode 10.3 Higher order resonant modes 10.4 Bandwidth (BW) of terahertz DRA 10.5 Simulated results based on MATLAB 10.6 Design development and evaluation of NDRA 10.6.1 Resonant frequency of TRDRA formulations 10.7 Synthesis of NDRA radiation theory 10.8 Drude’s model 10.9 MATLAB program 10.10 Conclusion References 11 Optical DRA for retinal applications—next generation DRAs 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Optical antenna arrays basic requirements 11.3 Optical antenna design 11.4 Entanglement 11.5 Modeling of optical antennas 11.6 Light–matter interaction 11.7 Theory of coupled resonant modes 11.8 Designs of terahertz DRAs simulation results for various shapes 11.9 Conclusion and applications References 12 Conclusion and futuristic vision 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Patient-centric healthcare system outline 12.3 Thumb DRA sensors integrated with patient-centric healthcare system 12.4 Thumb DRA design and implementations 12.5 Conclusion Appendix A: Case studies Appendix B: Terahertz absorbers B.1 Absorber characteristics B.2 Absorbers mathematical analysis B.3 Optical absorbers applications Appendix C: Antenna measured values in anechoic chamber Appendix D: Dielectric materials and resources Appendix E: Dual-band graphene antenna design and implementation Appendix F: Miniaturization design techniques F.1 Introduction F.2 Conclusion Appendix G: Gaussian beam feed process Appendix H: Silicon dielectric resonator antenna at 5-THz frequency H.1 THz DRA fabrication process Appendix I: DRA designing process I.1 Design process of aperture coupled DRA Appendix J: DRA design case study Appendix K: Vector network analyzer process for calibration Glossary Index Back Cover