Optical Cryptosystems

Description

Advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data, cloud computing, and the Internet of Things have changed the digital landscape, providing many new and exciting opportunities. However, they also provide ever-shifting gateways for information theft or misuse. Staying ahead requires the development of innovative and responsive security measures, and recent advances in optical technology have positioned it as a promising alternative to digital cryptography. Optical Cryptosystems introduces the subject of optical cryptography and provides up-to-date coverage of optical security schemes. Optical principles, approaches, and algorithms are discussed as well as applications, including image/data encryption-decryption, watermarking, image/data hiding, and authentication verification. This book also includes MATLAB(R) codes, enabling students and research professionals to carry out exercises and develop newer methods of image/data security and authentication. PRELIMS.pdf Preface Acknowledgement Author biography Naveen Kumar Nishchal List of acronyms CH001.pdf Chapter 1 Digital techniques of data and image encryption 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Types of cryptography 1.2.1 Symmetric key cryptography 1.2.2 Asymmetric key cryptography 1.2.3 Hash functions References CH002.pdf Chapter 2 Optical techniques of image encryption: symmetric cryptosystems 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Encryption using linear canonical transforms 2.2.1 Double random phase encoding 2.2.2 Encryption using fractional Fourier transform 2.2.3 Encryption using Fresnel transform 2.2.4 Encryption using gyrator transform 2.2.5 Encryption using wavelet transform 2.2.6 Encryption using cosine transform 2.2.7 Encryption using fractional Mellin transform MATLAB codes References CH003.pdf Chapter 3 Fully-phase image encryption 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Phase imaging 3.3 Fully-phase encryption References CH004.pdf Chapter 4 Joint transform correlator-based schemes for security and authentication 4.1 Introduction 4.2 DRPE using JTC 4.3 Authentication using fractional non-conventional JTC 4.3.1 Authentication 4.3.2 Authentication with a phase-encoded image 4.3.3 Performance measurement MATLAB code References CH005.pdf Chapter 5 Image watermarking and hiding 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Information hiding and watermarking under the DRPE framework 5.2.1 FRT domain watermarking 5.3 Optical asymmetric watermarking References CH006.pdf Chapter 6 Polarization encoding 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Double random phase polarization encoding 6.3 Polarization encoding-based asymmetric cryptosystem 6.3.1 Color image encryption References CH007.pdf Chapter 7 Digital holography-based security schemes 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Phase-shifting interferometry 7.3 Numerical reconstruction of digital holograms 7.3.1 Discrete Fresnel transformation 7.3.2 Convolution approach 7.3.3 Angular spectrum method 7.4 Information security using digital holography 7.5 Digital holography-based geometries for image encryption 7.5.1 Fourier domain DRPE through digital holography 7.5.2 FRT domain DRPE through digital holography References CH008.pdf Chapter 8 Securing fused multispectral data 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Image fusion principle using wavelet transform 8.3 Security of fused data/images 8.4 Asymmetric cryptosystems with fused color components 8.5 Color image encryption using XOR operation with LED References CH009.pdf Chapter 9 Chaos-based information security 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Chaos and cryptography 9.3 Chaos functions 9.4 Chaos-based optical asymmetric cryptosystem References CH010.pdf Chapter 10 Optical asymmetric cryptosystems 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Asymmetric cryptosystems 10.3 Phase retrieval 10.3.1 Phase retrieval for security 10.3.2 Phase retrieval: mathematical formulation 10.3.3 Modified GS algorithm for image multiplexing and encryption 10.4 Photon counting imaging 10.5 PCI and phase-truncated FrT-based asymmetric encryption MATLAB code for phase retrieval References CH011.pdf Chapter 11 Attacks on optical security schemes 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Brute-force attack 11.3 Differential attack 11.4 Known-plaintext attack 11.5 Chosen-plaintext attack 11.6 Chosen-ciphertext attack 11.7 Specific attack 11.8 Collision attack 11.9 Occlusion attack 11.10 Effects of additive and multiplicative noise References CH012.pdf Chapter 12 Optical security keys/masks 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Literature review 12.3 Random phase mask 12.4 Structured phase mask References