Green Infrastructure: Planning Strategies and Environmental Design

Description

This book analyses international Green Infrastructure (GI) planning and design strategies. The GI strategy is widely recognized for its multifunctionality (as a tool for ecological, economic and social enhancement) and multiscalarity. Starting from this assumption, the book intends to implement the concept of GI and blue networks in planning strategies and their linked urban projects. New urban and regional paradigms of the latest years, such as urban sprawl, ecosystem services, biodiversity, urban resilience, climate change and health emergencies, have made it necessary to rethink cities and territories and their related plans and projects. To satisfy these paradigms, worldwide plans and projects have started to focus both on short-term and long-term processes and strategies which integrate environmental, landscape and ecological elements.  Chapters 1 and 6 are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com. Foreword by Stéphane Sadoux Foreword by Grazia Brunetta Contents 1 Framing Green and Blue Infrastructure 1.1 Urban Challenges in the Post-pandemic Era 1.2 Green (and Blue) Infrastructure as a Responsive Approach 1.3 Objectives and Contents of the Book 1.3.1 Experiences in Planning and Design References Part I Planning Strategies 2 Milton Keynes, the “Forest City”. From the Landscape Planning to the Advent of the Car, Lessons for the Future Green Infrastructure? 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Elements of Context 2.2.1 Origins of an Urban Laboratory 2.2.2 Green Infrastructure: Policy Tool and Precedents 2.3 Milton Keynes’ Landscape Planning 2.3.1 Milton Keynes: Supporting the Creation of Natural Habitats 2.3.2 Roadsides in the Service of Ecosystems 2.3.3 A Quest for Efficiency and Sustainability 2.3.4 The Aesthetics of Diversity 2.4 The Contribution of the Milton Keynes Case Study 2.4.1 Milton Keynes, an Example in the Face of Current Challenges 2.5 Field Investigations, Observation of Ecosystem Services Provided 2.6 Conclusion References 3 Towards a Method of Assessing the Well-Being Brought by Landscape and Heritage Along a Blue and Green Infrastructure: The Loire Valley (France) 3.1 Introduction 3.2 A Method as a Tool for Understanding 3.3 Outcomes 3.3.1 Portrait of the Territory and Its Evolution (Stages 1 and 2) 3.3.2 Description of the Experiences of Territorial Dynamics by the Inhabitants (Step 3) 3.4 Conclusions References 4 Unfolding the Aniene River in Peri-Urban Rome. From Conflicts to Opportunities for a Sustainable Strategy 4.1 The Green Infrastructure Approach for Spatial Planning 4.2 Designing and Performing the Aniene River as a Green Blue Infrastructure 4.2.1 Overlapping Identities Across Time and Space 4.2.2 Conformance and Performance Issues 4.3 Challenges and Perspectives 4.3.1 The Aniene River Contract as a Tool for Collaborative Governance 4.3.2 Final Remarks and Ways Forward References 5 Landscape and Ecological Networks 5.1 Introduction: Ecological Networks, Protected Areas and New Urbanisations 5.2 Local Ecological Network Planning and New Urban Challenges 5.3 The Construction of the Ecological Network at the Local Level 5.4 Rules for Implementation of the Local Ecological Network in Urban Planning 5.5 Conclusions References 6 A Multi-Scalar Green Infrastructure Project for the Landscape Enhancement and Regional Regeneration of Media and Alta Valtellina 6.1 Regional Green Infrastructure (RGI): A Resilient Spatial Structure for Landscape Planning 6.2 Quality Objectives for Landscapes in Lombardy 6.3 Synergies and Integrations Between the Landscape Quality Objectives and the Planning Actions of the Regional Green Infrastructure References 7 Re-urbanising the Contemporary City: Spatial Planning and Green Strategy in Turin 7.1 Introduction 7.2 New Paradigms for Urban Design 7.3 A Far-Sighted Vision: Green Paradigm in the Programmatic and Planning Contents of the Turin Land Use Plan 7.3.1 The Spatial-Functional Green Model 7.3.2 Green as an Urban Standard 7.3.3 The Urban Planning Regulation for Parks 7.3.4 A Sectoral Plan for the Green Infrastructure 7.4 Conclusions References Part II Environmental Design 8 When Constraints Become Assets in the Design of Blue-Green Infrastructures: An Insight from Two Cases in the Western Part of France (Loire River Basin) 8.1 Introduction 8.2 From Brownfield Sites to BGIs 8.3 From “Un-Invited Participation” to Bottom-Up Initiatives in the Design of BGIs 8.4 Conclusion References 9 ‘River Movie’, Nature, and Culture Projects on the Banks of Lyon’s Rhône and Saône Rivers 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Methodology and Context 9.2.1 Methodology 9.2.2 Context: Metropolis of Lyon 9.3 Lyon’s Regeneration Projects for Green and Blue Infrastructure 9.3.1 The Classical Relationship Between Nature and the Metropolis of Lyon 9.3.2 The Anneau Bleu Project: Water as a Natural Element 9.3.3 Berges Du Rhône Project: Water as an Element of Urban Décor 9.4 New Ways of Working with Sustainability and Climate Change 9.4.1 Rives De Saône Project and Nature-Based Solutions 9.4.2 Rives De Saône: A Public Art Project 9.5 Discussion for a New Conception of Green and Blue Infrastructure 9.6 Conclusion References 10 Designing a Captivating Proximity to Water: Two Case Studies of the Iberian Peninsula 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Water Resources as a Support for Urban/Territorial Regeneration: Two Project Experiences 10.3 Two Case Studies: Making New Proximity to Water Possible 10.3.1 Route Along the River in Loures: ‘New’ Proximity to Water Through Elements Already Present in the Site 10.3.2 Ter River Pilot Project (Girona’s Shores): ‘New’ Proximity to Water Through Rediscovered and Meshed Open Spaces and Views 10.4 Final Considerations: To Build an Immediate and Affordable Proximity to Water References 11 Limiting Soil Sealing and Depaving: Local Actions for Regenerating Public Spaces to Build Green Infrastructures 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Depaving as a Strategy to Implement GI in Urban Spaces 11.3 Best Practices and Community-Based Approaches in Depaving Private and Semi-public Urban Spaces 11.4 Green Infrastructures Projects 11.5 Conclusions References 12 “Surviving the City”. Nature as an Architecture Design Strategy for a More Resilient Urban Ecosystem 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Professional Adaptation: The Architect’s New Skills and Tools for Design 12.2.1 Research as an Adaptation Tool 12.2.2 Nature as a Strategic Device for Adaptation Plans 12.3 Applications: From the Dwelling to the City 12.3.1 Reconnecting Home with the Environment 12.3.2 Urban Nature as Adapting Device: The Case of Copenhagen Redesigning the Climate-Resilient Public Realm 12.4 Conclusion References Part III Innovative Practices. A Dialogue Between Researchers and Practitioners 13 From Theory to Planning Practice. The Green and Blue Infrastructure in the Land Use Plan of Ravenna. Interview with Carlo Gasparrini 13.1 Planning for Biodiversity and Green and Blue Infrastructure 13.2 The Ravenna Land Use Plan 13.3 Social Resilience as a Topic 13.4 Post-pandemic Innovation Reference 14 Green and Blue Infrastructure. Integration of Landscapes. Interview with Andreas Kipar (Studio LAND) 14.1 A Green and Blue Infrastructure for a Future City 14.2 Landscape Architecture at Diverse Design and Management Scale 14.3 Management Issues 14.4 Biodiversity and Sustainability in Regeneration Projects of the Contemporary Cities 15 Integration of Biodiversity in the Urban Project Approach. Interview with Magali Volkwein and Sébastien Roussel (Agence Devillers et Associés, Paris) 15.1 A Pioneering Studio in the Urban Project 15.1.1 Magali Volkwein 15.2 The Emergency of Nature en Ville in the Concerns of the Studio 15.3 The Complex Issue of Water in the City 15.4 Biodiversity in Eco-Districts Projects 15.5 Biodiversity at the Territorial Scale 15.6 The Tree in the City 15.6.1 Sébastien Roussel 15.6.2 Magali Volkwein 15.6.3 Sébastien Roussel 15.7 Soils and Their Renaturation 15.8 The City, a Living Milieu 15.8.1 Sébastien Roussel 16 Future Perspectives and Approaches Towards Operationalisation 16.1 Approaches 16.2 A New Ecology-Led Project References Index