The Great Tours: England, Scotland, and Wales

Description

Whether you are searching for the past or want to better understand the world as it is today, travel—even virtually, from the comfort of home—offers a unique opportunity to see the world in new ways. Perhaps you would like to wander the cosmopolitan streets of London, roam the 1,000-year-old campuses of Oxford and Cambridge, or tour world-famous museums like the Tate Modern and the National Railway Museum. Or maybe you are aiming for a more pastoral adventure, like an expedition across the romantic wilds of the Scottish Highlands, or a journey to see the breathtaking vistas of the Jurassic coast. No matter what experience you are hoping to find, a tour of England, Scotland, and Wales rewards visitors with an astonishing array of historical, cultural, and scenic pleasures and reveals the heritage of a nation that has influenced the world immeasurably. Professor's Biography......Page 3 Table of Contents......Page 5 Course Scope......Page 9 1 — Welcome to Britain......Page 11 Ancient Sites......Page 12 After the Romans......Page 13 Britain from 1500-1700......Page 14 Industrialization and the Sea......Page 15 Tips on Visiting Britain......Page 17 2 — Prehistoric britain......Page 19 Stonehenge and Avebury......Page 20 Hill Forts......Page 21 The Uffington White Horse......Page 23 Other Sites......Page 24 Scotland’s Prehistoric Sites......Page 25 3 — Roman Britain......Page 27 Hadrian’s Wall......Page 28 Roman Villas......Page 30 Roads......Page 32 4 — Anglo-Saxon and Viking Britain......Page 34 Background on the Anglo-Saxons......Page 35 Offa’s Dyke......Page 36 The Sutton Hoo Ship Burial......Page 37 Background on the Vikings and Lindisfarne......Page 38 Alfred the Great......Page 40 5 — Britain’s Medieval Castles......Page 43 The Evolution of Castles......Page 44 The State of Castles Today......Page 46 Four Notable Castles......Page 47 6 — Britain’s Medieval Cathedrals......Page 50 Background on Cathedrals......Page 51 Styles of Cathedrals......Page 52 Notable Cathedrals......Page 53 7 — Tudor Britain......Page 56 Hampton Court Palace......Page 57 English Places of Worship......Page 58 Mary I and the Martyrs’ Memorial......Page 59 Elizabeth I......Page 60 Tudor Houses......Page 61 8 — Magna Carta and Civil War......Page 65 Runnymede and the Magna Carta......Page 66 Sites from the 17th Century......Page 67 After the English Civil War......Page 69 The Importance of Cromwell......Page 70 After Cromwell......Page 71 9 — Enlightenment Britain......Page 74 The Work of Andrea Palladio......Page 75 Homes of the Enlightenment......Page 76 Georgian Architecture......Page 78 Intellectual Figures......Page 79 10 — Industrial Britain......Page 81 Textiles......Page 82 Iron......Page 83 Canals......Page 85 Railways......Page 86 11 — Victorian Britain......Page 89 Architecture......Page 90 Intellectual Figures......Page 93 Florence Nightingale, Health Care, and Workhouses......Page 94 Prince Albert......Page 95 Town Halls......Page 96 12 — 20th-Century Britain......Page 98 Edwin Luytens......Page 99 Interwar Buildings......Page 100 Motorways and Office Buildings......Page 101 13 — Edinburgh and Glasgow......Page 103 Edinburgh’s Royal Mile......Page 104 Edinburgh’s High Points......Page 105 Glasgow......Page 107 14 — Wild Scotland: Beyond Edinburgh and Glasgow......Page 110 Stirling Bridge and Bannockburn......Page 111 Travel Tips for Scotland......Page 113 Fort William, Glenfinnan, and Loch Ness......Page 114 Scotland’s Islands......Page 116 Lockerbie......Page 117 15 — North Wales......Page 119 Conwy and Llandudno......Page 121 Snowdon......Page 122 The Slate Industry......Page 123 Castles......Page 124 Ornithology......Page 125 South Stack Lighthouse......Page 126 Llanystumdwy......Page 127 16 — Cardiff and South Wales......Page 129 Civic Buildings in Cardiff......Page 130 Mining Valleys......Page 132 Swansea......Page 133 The Countryside......Page 134 17 — The North of England......Page 136 Liverpool......Page 137 Manchester......Page 138 York......Page 139 Carlisle and Berwick-upon-Tweed......Page 140 18 — The English Midlands......Page 143 The Cotswolds......Page 144 Birmingham......Page 145 Coventry......Page 146 Nottingham......Page 148 Villages......Page 149 19 — East Anglia......Page 151 Ely......Page 152 Norfolk......Page 154 Suffolk......Page 156 20 — England’s West Country......Page 159 Glastonbury......Page 160 Dorset......Page 161 Plymouth......Page 162 Cornwall......Page 163 21 — The Museums of London......Page 167 The British Museum......Page 168 The National Portrait Gallery......Page 169 South Kensington’s Museums......Page 170 The Tate Gallery and the Tate Modern......Page 171 The Museum of London......Page 172 22 — London’s Streets and Parks......Page 173 The London Underground......Page 174 Hyde Park......Page 175 Green Park......Page 176 The Piccadilly Circus......Page 177 Regent’s Park and Camden Town......Page 178 23 — Buckingham Palace and Parliament......Page 180 Background on Buckingham Palace......Page 181 Visiting Buckingham Palace......Page 182 Background on the Houses of Parliament......Page 183 Touring the Houses of Parliament......Page 184 24 — Oxford and Cambridge......Page 186 Peterhouse......Page 187 Trinity College, Cambridge......Page 188 The Heart of Oxford......Page 189 Oxford’s Parkland......Page 190 Oxford’s Women’s Buildings......Page 191 25 — Literary Britain: Chaucer and Shakespeare......Page 192 Canterbury......Page 193 Stratford and Shakespeare......Page 194 London and Shakespeare......Page 196 Sites Mentioned in Richard II and Richard III......Page 197 Other Literary Sites and Figures......Page 198 26 — Literary Britain: The Romantics......Page 200 The Writers’ Museum......Page 201 Walter Scott-Related Sites......Page 202 Jane Austen-Related Sites......Page 203 William Wordsworth-Related Sites......Page 204 Beatrix Potter’s Home......Page 205 27 — Literary Britain: Poets and Novelists......Page 207 John Keats-Related Sites......Page 208 Lord Byron-Related Sites......Page 209 Charles Dickens-Related Sites......Page 210 Haworth Parsonage......Page 211 28 — Literary Britain: The 20th Century......Page 214 Thomas Hardy-Related Sites......Page 215 George Bernard Shaw-Related Sites......Page 216 Bloomsbury Group-Related Sites......Page 217 C. S. Lewis-Related Sites......Page 218 George Orwell-Related Sites......Page 219 29 — Artistic Britain: Painters and Sculptors......Page 221 Joshua Reynolds......Page 222 Thomas Gainsborough......Page 223 Thomas Girtin......Page 224 Henry Moore......Page 225 Antony Gormley......Page 226 30 — Britain’s Estates and Gardens......Page 228 William Kent and Lancelot Brown......Page 229 The Kew Gardens......Page 230 Trentham Gardens and Chatsworth......Page 232 The Lost Gardens of Heligan......Page 233 Gertrude Jekyll and Vita Sackville-West......Page 234 Gardens in Wales......Page 235 31 — Legacy of the British Empire......Page 237 India’s Influence on Britain......Page 238 Cleopatra’s Needle......Page 239 Mosques and Hindu Temples......Page 240 Afro-Caribbean Influences......Page 241 Anglo-American Influences......Page 242 32 — Seafaring Britain......Page 245 The HMS Warrior......Page 246 Seafaring Sites in London......Page 247 The National Historic Fleet......Page 249 Lighthouses......Page 250 33 — Britain’s War Memorials......Page 253 Westminster Abbey......Page 254 The Monument to the Crimean War......Page 255 The World War I Cenotaph......Page 256 Memorials at Hyde Park Corner......Page 257 Memorials in the Provinces of Britain......Page 258 34 — Hiking England, Scotland, and Wales......Page 260 The Lake District......Page 261 The West Highland Way......Page 263 Cycling and Climbing......Page 264 Walking in London......Page 265 35 — Britain’s Sporting Tradition......Page 267 Cricket......Page 268 Soccer (Football)......Page 269 Tennis......Page 270 Golf......Page 271 36 — How to Think about Visiting Britain......Page 273 When to Visit......Page 274 How to Get Around......Page 275 Histories of Britain......Page 276 Fiction and Travel Writers......Page 277 Bibliography......Page 279 Image Credits......Page 289