A Contrastive Transformational Grammar: Arabic and English

Description

It is a book that compares English grammar to Arabic grammar using the transformational theoary. It can be used as a textbook for university students (the English Department). A CONTRASTIVE TRANSFORMATIONAL GRAMMAR: Arabic and English TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements Preface I. Introduction 1. The Purposes 2. The Advantage 3. The Procedure 4. Content 5. Complexity II. The Underlying Transformational Theory 1. The Need for a Theory 2. A Definition of Transformational Grammar 3. Generative Grammar and its Relation to the T-Grammar 4. Reasons for Using the T-Theory 5. Phrase-Structure Rules 1. Introduction 2. The Base Universality 3. The Sentence in Phrase-Structure Rules 4. The Types of PS-rules 5. Further Terminology in PS-rules 6. The Lexicon 7. Transformational Rules 1. The Nature of T-rules Introduction The Function of T-rules The Condition of T-rules The Order of T-rules 2. The Types of T-rules 8. Morphophonemic Rules 9. The Criteria for Evaluating a T-grammar 10. Further Remarks on the T-theory III. The Corpus 1. Introduction 2. Method of Sampling 3. The Representativeness of the Sample 1. Types of Sentences 2. Types of Verbs 3. Types of Nouns 4. Types of Objects 5. Types of Particles 6. Miscellaneous Types 4. The Sentences of the Corpus IV. Phrase-Structure Rules (PS-Rules) 1. Introduction 2. The Chosen PS-model 3. The Modification of Fillmore’s Model 4. The Justification for Choosing Fillmore’s Model 1. Chomsky’s Model 2. Other Chomskian Modified Models 3. The Advantages of Fillmore’s Model 5. Describing the Corpus according to Fillmore’s Model V. Lexical Rules (L-Rules) 1. Introduction 2. Plus Noun Words 3. Plus Verbal Words 4. Plus Determiners 5. Plus Prepositions 6. Plus Interrogatives 7. Plus Negatives 8. Plus Auxiliaries 9. Plus Time Adverbials VI. Transformational Rules (T-Rules) 1. Subject Preposition Deletion 2. Object Preposition Deletion 3. yaku:n¹ Deletion 4. Ergative-Dative Permutation 5. Ergative or Agent Fronting 6. Ergative-Agent Permutation 7. Ergative Deletion 8. Instrument-Agent Permutation 9. Locative Copying 10. Locative Pronominalization 11. Ergative-Locative Permutation 12. Passive Transformation 13. Verbal Agreement 14. Noun Copying 15. Void 16. Case Introduction 17. Reflexive Transformation 18. Determiner Transformation 19. mubtada? Deletion 20. Void 21. Special Verb Transformation 22. Relative Transformation 23. Emphatic Transformation 24. Identical Element Deletion 25. Complement Transformation 26. Manner Transformation 27. Purpose Transformation 28. Adjective Transformation 29. mubtada? Copying 30. Interrogative Transformation 31. Time Transformation 32. Separation Transformation 33. Ergative-Instrument Permutation 34. Condition Transformation 35. Instrument or Locative Fronting 36. mawǰu:d Deletion VII. Testing the Grammar Efficiency VIII. Conclusions and Suggestions Appendix I: Phonemic Symbols Appendix II: Non-Phonemic Symbols Appendix III: Abbreviations Appendix IV: Glossary Bibliography Index