Rapid-Eye-Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder

Description

This book describes a sleep disorder belonging to the category of parasomnias (i.e. the sleep behavioral and experiential disorders) characterized by abnormal vocal and motor behaviors in the context of vivid dreams and loss of the customary muscle atonia during the stage of sleep called REM sleep. REM-atonia - one of the defining features of REM sleep, along with rapid-eye-movements and a highly activated brain state - serves a protective function, preventing the dreamer from acting-out dreams and becoming injured. REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) was first described in 1986 by Schenck and colleagues; since then the understanding of the condition has increased exponentially, also pointing out its strong association with the development of neurodegenerative disorders characterized by alpha synuclein deposition, such as Parkinson’s disease, Dementia with Lewy bodies, and Multiple System Atrophy. Furthermore, RBD is now considered one of the earliest markers of ongoing alpha synuclein neurodegeneration, and provides a window of opportunity for testing disease modifying therapies that may slow down or halt the progression of these disorders for which there is currently no cure. Additionally, RBD is today known to be present in more than 50% of patients with narcolepsy-cataplexy, and can also be triggered by the most commonly prescribed antidepressant medications (e.g. SSRIs, venlafaxine). RBD has been documented as occurring, with variable frequency, with virtually every category of neurologic disease and has also helped expand the field of dream research. The volume Editors have pioneered scientific and clinical advances in the field and, partnering with leading sleep clinicians and researchers on this book, have produced an invaluable guide to specialists in sleep medicine, neurology, psychiatry and psychology. There are also strong contributions in this book by leading basic science researchers, and so this book should also appeal to neuroscientists. As stated in the book, "RBD is situated at a strategic and busy crossroads of sleep medicine and the neurosciences. RBD offers great breadth and depth of research opportunities, including extensive inter-disciplinary and multinational research opportunities...RBD is an 'experiment of Nature' in which knowledge from the study of motor-behavioral dyscontrol during REM sleep, with dream-enactment, has cast a broad and powerful light on a multitude of Central Nervous System disturbances, their evolution, and their comorbidities." Front Matter ....Pages i-xx Front Matter ....Pages 1-1 RBD: Historical Perspective (Carlos H. Schenck)....Pages 3-8 The Human Dimension of RBD (Carlos H. Schenck)....Pages 9-18 The Foundation of the International RBD Study Group (IRBDSG) (Wolfgang Oertel, Geert Mayer, Aaro V. Salminen, Carlos H. Schenck)....Pages 19-30 Front Matter ....Pages 31-31 Clinical Aspects of Idiopathic RBD (Laura Pérez-Carbonell, Alex Iranzo)....Pages 33-52 REM Sleep Behavior Disorder Associated with Parkinson’s Disease and Multiple System Atrophy (Friederike Sixel-Döring, Claudia Trenkwalder)....Pages 53-65 REM Sleep Behavior Disorder Associated with Dementia with Lewy Bodies (Bradley F. Boeve)....Pages 67-76 RBD and Non-synuclein Neurodegenerative Disorders: A Critical Appraisal (Luigi Ferini-Strambi, Francesca Marta Casoni, Marco Zucconi)....Pages 77-91 RBD Associated with Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndromes and Autoimmune Disorders (Alex Iranzo)....Pages 93-106 Lesional RBD (Stuart J. McCarter, Erik K. St. Louis)....Pages 107-121 RBD, Antidepressant Medications, and Psychiatric Disorders (Siu Ping Lam, Jihui Zhang, Shirley Xin Li, Yun Kwok Wing)....Pages 123-134 REM Sleep Behavior Disorder in Narcolepsy (Giuseppe Plazzi)....Pages 135-151 Acute REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (Federica Provini, Naoko Tachibana)....Pages 153-171 Physiological Substrates of RBD Subtypes (Edgar Garcia-Rill, Carlos H. Schenck)....Pages 173-186 RBD in Childhood and Adolescence (Garima Shukla, Suresh Kotagal, Carlos H. Schenck)....Pages 187-200 RBD in Adults Under 50 Years Old (Yo-El S. Ju)....Pages 201-214 RBD: Gender Implications (Cynthia L. Bodkin)....Pages 215-222 RBD: A Window into the Dreaming Process (Isabelle Arnulf)....Pages 223-242 Front Matter ....Pages 243-243 Diagnosis of REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (Ambra Stefani, Birgit Frauscher, Birgit Högl)....Pages 245-254 Instruments for Screening, Diagnosis and Assessment of RBD Severity and Monitoring Treatment Outcome (Shirley Xin Li, Siu Ping Lam, Jihui Zhang, Yun Kwok Wing)....Pages 255-269 Selective Polysomnographic Findings in REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) and Parkinson’s Disease (Matteo Cesari, Poul Jennum)....Pages 271-279 Video Analysis of Behaviors and Movements in RBD (Valérie Cochen De Cock)....Pages 281-289 Clinical Vignettes: Illustrative, Unusual, and Challenging RBD Cases (Alon Y. Avidan)....Pages 291-304 Management of a Patient with RBD (Michael J. Howell)....Pages 305-314 Melatonin Therapy of RBD (Dieter Kunz, Frederik Bes)....Pages 315-331 Clonazepam and Other Therapies of RBD (Carlos H. Schenck, Michael J. Howell)....Pages 333-345 Differential Diagnosis and Related Disorders: RBD Mimics (Raffaele Manni, Michele Terzaghi)....Pages 347-358 Parasomnia Overlap Disorder: RBD and NREM Parasomnias (Carlos H. Schenck, Michael J. Howell)....Pages 359-369 Status Dissociatus and Its Relation to RBD (Elena Antelmi, Giuseppe Plazzi)....Pages 371-386 Front Matter ....Pages 387-387 Local Cortical Activations During REM Sleep and Implications for RBD (Paola Proserpio, Michele Terzaghi, Lino Nobili)....Pages 389-401 Brain Imaging in RBD (Rosalie V. Kogan, Sanne K. Meles, Klaus L. Leenders, Kathrin Reetz, Wolfgang H. O. Oertel)....Pages 403-445 The Electromyographic Diagnosis of REM Sleep Without Atonia and REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (Monica Puligheddu, Patrizia Congiu, Raffaele Ferri)....Pages 447-464 RBD and the Autonomic Nervous System (Yuichi Inoue, Taeko Sasai-Sakuma)....Pages 465-474 Cardiac Scintigraphy in RBD (Masayuki Miyamoto, Tomoyuki Miyamoto, Koichi Hirata)....Pages 475-489 Neuropsychological Aspects: Cognition in RBD (Jean-François Gagnon, Pierre-Alexandre Bourgouin, Jessie De Roy, Daphné Génier Marchand)....Pages 491-507 Neuropsychological Aspects: Impulse-Control Disorders and Other Neuropsychiatric Features in RBD (Maria Livia Fantini, Franck Durif, Ana Marques)....Pages 509-525 Biomarkers of Neurodegenerative Disease in Idiopathic RBD (Ronald B. Postuma)....Pages 527-540 RBD, Gastric Peptides, and Gastric Motility (Marcus M. Unger, Wolfgang H. Oertel)....Pages 541-545 Gait and Postural Disorders in REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (Colum D. MacKinnon, Laila Alibiglou, Aleksandar Videnovic)....Pages 547-556 Front Matter ....Pages 557-557 Neural Circuitry Regulating REM Sleep and Its Implication in REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (Ramalingam Vetrivelan, Jun Lu)....Pages 559-577 Neuropathology of REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (Carlos H. Schenck)....Pages 579-587 Genetics of REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (Ziv Gan-Or, Guy A. Rouleau)....Pages 589-609 Animal Models of REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (Yuan-Yang Lai, Kung-Chiao Hsieh, Jerome M. Siegel)....Pages 611-623 REM Sleep Behavior Disorder: The Link Between Synucleinopathies and REM Sleep Circuits (Dillon McKenna, John Peever)....Pages 625-637 Front Matter ....Pages 639-639 Toward Disease Modification Trials in RBD: Challenges and Opportunities (Aleksandar Videnovic, Birgit Högl)....Pages 641-647 RBD: Future Directions in Research and Clinical Care and Counseling (Birgit Högl, Aleksandar Videnovic, Carlos H. Schenck, Anna Heidbreder, Joan Santamaria)....Pages 649-663 Back Matter ....Pages 665-678