Gender and the Media: Women's Places

Description

Media images shape and are shaped by society. They reflect the ways in which the social order changes and stays the same. The contributors to Gender and the Media: Women's Places consider a variety of media to explore the impact of what is there, as well as what is missing. Their focus is on women. Networks of the cyberbullying of women of color are rendered graphically and the agency claimed by women in Western Sahara refugee camps is shown in photos. How college women and men respond to the masculinity reflected in hip-hop lyrics and videos, and what it feels like to be a woman in a comic book store are conveyed in excerpts from interviews. Contributors detail how publications discuss rape in India and trafficking in Moldova and ponder the absence of the topic of anorexia in U.S. cinema. Social change is reflected in how trade publications discuss the increasing number of women in the funeral industry. The relation of the local to the global and female invisibility is considered in an analysis of Portuguese punk fanzines. An examination of advice books for American tween girls documents not only the subject matter, but also the racial, ethnic and religious homogeneity and heteronormativity assumed in the text and illustrations. Finally, a comparison of the critical response to identical music recorded by female and male artists provides the opportunity to see the role gender plays in criticism of aesthetic materials. Contents Editorial board Series Editor Biographies Contributor Biographies Women’s Places: an Introduction to Gender and the media Three Types of Places Agency-Affirming Places Overtly Hostile or Agency-Denying Places Covertly Negating Places Other Themes Intersectionality Representation Lenses and Frames Essentialism Appearance Woman’s Empowerment Violence Concluding Observations References PART I: Agency Afirming Places Chapter 1: War, Culture, and Agency Among Sahrawi Women Refugees: A Photo-Essay Photo-Essay References Chapter 2: From “Old Boy” to “Gender Progressive”: The Shifting Gender Story of Funeral Work in Trade Journal Publications Literature Review Cultural Gender Beliefs in Feminizing Occupations Working Women in Print Media The Overtaking of Undertaking? Methodology Data Collection Data Analysis Gender Narratives in Funeral Trade Journals Gender Essential: “You Just Can’t Teach That” Gender Blind: Equality and the “Sameness” of Men and Women Funeral Directors Gender Progressive: The Funerary Double Bind and the “Ambigender” Funeral Director Changes in Trade Journal Gender Narratives Overtime Discussion Implications and Limitations Conclusion References Chapter 3: “Punk Fairytale”: Popular Music, Media, and the (Re)Production of Gender Portugal: Historicity and Feminism Punk, Revolution, and Equality Methodology The Silences of the Theory Gender Equality, Alternative Media, and Fanzines Sexism in the Portuguese Grammar Ecofeminism10 or Women as Guardians of Nature Being a Woman in a Patriarchal Society An (Im)possible Closure References Chapter 4: “Trappin’ Ain’t Shit to Me”: How Undergraduate Students Construct Meaning Around Race, Gender, and Sexuality within Hip-Hop Literature Review Music and Social Identity Race, Gender, and Sexuality within Hip-Hop Conceptual Framework Methodology Findings Race and Hyper-Masculinity Portrayals of Women in Hip-Hop Intimate Relationships Social Issues and Consciousness Raising Discussion and Conclusion Conclusion References PART II: Overtly Hostile or Agency-Denying Places Chapter 5: Truth, Justice, Boobs: Gender in Comic Book Culture Situating the Splash Page: Comics and Theory The Study The Site Love Interests, Nags, and Sluts Conclusion References Chapter 6: What a B!tch!: Cyber Aggression Toward Women of Color Introduction Aggression in Social Media Cyber Aggression Social Networks of Cyber Aggression Social Processes in Cyber Aggression Intersectionality Methods Accessibility of Negative Messages Social Network Analysis Exploring Intersectional Themes Results Conversation Network for Black B!tch Networks of Everyday Instances of Cyber Aggression Cyber Aggression Toward an Asian Woman Cyber Aggression Toward a Black Woman Cyber Aggression Toward a Latinx Woman Network Example of a Black Woman Reclaiming B!tch Network of an Online Fight Against Aggression Toward Women of Color Discussion References Chapter 7: Mainstreaming Gender, Endangered, Ungendered? Analysis of Media Reports of the 2012 Case of Rape in India Women, Rape, and Media Data and Methods Overview Data Media Portrayal of Women Based on 2012 India Case Mainstreaming Gender Endangered Woman Ungendered Woman Discussion and Conclusion References Chapter 8: Images of Trafficked Women: A Case Study of Media and Social Science Discourse in Moldova, 2003–2008 Studies of Images of Trafficked Women, 1998–2008 Theoretical Foundations Research Methods Findings Interface Between Media and Scientific Discourse Victim Discourse Sex Trafficking Context Emotional Aspects of Trafficking Women as Slaves and Commodities Differences Between the Two Discourses Discussion and Conclusion References PART III: Covertly Negating Places Chapter 9: Mortality Salience, Terror Management, and Hollywood Film: Theorizing on the Absence of Anorexia as a Subject in US Mainstream Movies Characteristics of Anorexia Mortality Salience and Terror Management Theory Women, Mortality Salience, and Terror Management Theory Women with Anorexia, Mortality Salience, and Terror Management Theory The Anorexic Female and the Hollywood Film Industry Anorexia as a Film Subject Terror Management Theory as an Interpretive Lens Case Studies The Children of Men Manchester by the Sea (2016) Film, Archetype, and Terror Management Conclusion References Chapter 10: Who is the American Girl? Analyzing Difference in American Girl Advice Books Introduction The American Girl Company Girls Seeking Advice Diversity in Children’s Literature Theoretical Framework Method Findings Who is Represented? Images and Messages of Diversity What is (or Should be) Important? Enforcing and Challenging Gender Roles Discussion References Chapter 11: Gender and Critical Evaluation in Popular Music Gender, Critical Discourse, and Legitimacy in Popular Music The Case of 1989 and Alternative Explanations Data and Methods Description of Codes Additional Analyses Results Conclusion References Index