How to Improve Rubber Compounds. 1800 Experimental Ideas for Problem Solving

Description

2nd Edition. — Munich: Hanser Publishers, 2013. — 407 p. — ISBN 978-1-56990-533-3The objective of this book is to provide the experienced and well-trained rubber compounder with new experimental ideas, which he or she may be able to use to improve certain specific rubber compound properties.ContentIntroduction Complexity of Compound Ingredient Selection Industrial Complexity Complexity of Ingredient Property Relationships Experimental Ideas Sources of Ideas Review Panel Improving the Physical Properties of Cured Rubber Compounds Increasing Tensile Strength Increasing High-Temperature Tensile Strength Increasing Ultimate Tensile Elongation Increasing Hardness and Modulus Reducing Set, Under Compression and/or Tension Increasing Rebound and Decreasing Hysteresis Increasing Tear Resistance Increasing Hot Tear Resistance Improving Low-Temperature Properties Increasing Electrical Conductivity Increasing Thermal Conductivity Decreasing Coefficient of Friction Decreasing Air Permeability Increasing Rubber-to-Metal Adhesion Improving Rubber-to-Fabric Adhesion Improving Flame Retardance Reducing Compound Cost Improving Degradation Resistance of Cured Rubber Compounds Improving Hot Air and/or Heat Aging Resistance Improving Ozone Resistance Improving Flex Fatigue Resistance and/or Cutting and Chipping Resistance Improving Abrasion and/or Wear Resistance Improving Oil and/or Solvent Resistance Improving Staining and Discoloration Resistance Improving Weathering Resistance Improving Hydrolysis Resistance Optimizing Measurable Processability Properties Reducing Viscosity Increasing Shear Thinning Reducing Elasticity (Nerve) Increasing Tack Reducing Stickiness to Metal Surfaces Increasing Percent Dispersion of Carbon Black and Fillers Increasing Green Strength Increasing Scorch Safety Time Increasing Cure Rate Reducing Reversion Reducing Marching Modulus Reducing Cold Flow Minimizing Adverse Processing Attributes Reducing or Eliminating Porosity, Bubbles, or Voids in Both the Uncured and the Cured State Mixing: Reducing Filler or Black Incorporation Times (BITs) Mixing: Decrease Total Mixing Time Mixing: Reducing or Eliminating Lumps in Dumped Batches Mixing: Reducing Bagging on the Mill Mixing: Reducing Back Rolling on the Mill Extrusion: Reducing Die Swell (Improving Dimensional Stability) Extrusion: Improving Smoothness of the Extrudate Surface Extrusion: Increasing Extrusion Rate Without Loss of Quality Calendering: Eliminating Blisters Calendering: Improving Calender Release Raw Material and Mixed Stock Bin Storage: Lengthening Useful Shelf Life Mixed Stock Bin Storage: Reducing Bloom Compression/Transfer/Injection Molding: Improving Mold Release Compression/Transfer/Injection Molding: Reducing or Eliminating Mold Fouling Compression/Transfer/Injection Molding: Improving Mold Flow Compression/Transfer/Injection Molding: Reducing Shrinkage of Part Compression/Transfer/Injection Molding: Improving Surface Appearance Increasing the Blow Rate During the Curing of a Sponge Compound Eliminating Trapped Air During Molding Reducing Backrinding Tire Performance Properties Improving Tire Wet Traction Improving Tire Dry Traction Improving Tire Winter Traction or Ice Traction Improving Tire Rolling Resistance Appendix 1: Blends Introduction SBR/NR Blends SBR/IR Blends SBR/BR Blends NR/BR Blend NR/IR Blends NR/CIIR Blends NR/BIIR Blends NR/BIMS Blends NR/IIR Blends CR/IIR Blends NBR/SBR Blends NBR/PVC Blends XNBR/PVC Blend NBR/IR Blends NBR/BR Blends NBR/NR Blends EPDM/SBR Blends EPDM/CR Blends EPDM/IR Blends EPDM/NR Blends EPDM/CSM Blends EPDM/Silicone Compatibilized EPDM/LDPE Blend EPDM/EVA Blend CR/SBR Blends CR/BR Blends CSM/BR Blends CR/Hydrin Blends NBR/FA Polysulfide Rubber Triblends NR/SBR/BR Blends BR/SBR/IR Blends NR/IR/SBR Blends NR/EPDM/BIIR Blends NR/EPDM/CIIR Blends NR/CR/CSM Blends NBR/PVC/SBR Blends XNBR/PVC/NBR Blends XNBR/PVC/BR Blends XNBR/NBR/BR Blends NBR/SBR/BR Blends NBR/BR/NR Blends NR/EPDM/SBR Blends EPDM/SBR/CR Blends Four-Way Blends NR/EPDM/SBR/CIIR Blends Appendix 2: Cure Systems Introduction General Purpose Elastomer Cure Packages EPDM Cure Packages NBR Cure Packages Polychloroprene Cure Packages General Purpose Thiourea Cure Systems for Carbon Black Loaded CR Compounds Special Purpose Thiourea Cure Systems for Carbon Black Loaded CR Compounds General Purpose Non-thiourea Cure Systems for Carbon Black Loaded CR Compounds Special Purpose Non-thiourea Cure Systems for Carbon Black Loaded CR Compounds Chlorobutyl Rubber Cure Packages Butyl Rubber Cure Packages Review Panel Members’ Biographies Author’s Biography Subject Index