Fluency with information technology
Book information
Description
Cover......Page 1 Title Page......Page 2 Copyright Page......Page 3 PREFACE......Page 4 Supplements......Page 8 Acknowledgments......Page 10 Contents......Page 12 PART 1 Becoming Skilled at Computing......Page 20 Chapter 1 Defining Information Technology: Terms of Endearment......Page 22 Computation’s Greatest Hits......Page 24 Terms of Endearment......Page 33 Computers, Software, Algorithms......Page 34 The Words for Ideas......Page 38 Review Questions......Page 41 Chapter 2 Exploring the Human-Computer Interface: Face It, It’s a Computer......Page 44 A Few Useful Concepts......Page 46 Perfect Reproduction......Page 48 What We See and What We Think......Page 53 Try It Solutions......Page 57 Review Questions......Page 58 Chapter 3 The Basics of Networking: Making the Connection......Page 62 Comparing Communication Types......Page 64 The Medium of the Message......Page 67 The World Wide Web......Page 79 File Structure......Page 82 Try It Solutions......Page 86 Review Questions......Page 87 Chapter 4 A Hypertext Markup Language Primer: Marking Up with HTML......Page 90 Marking Up with HTML......Page 92 Lab Practice I......Page 94 Structuring Documents......Page 97 Lab Practice II......Page 102 Get Into Style with CSS......Page 104 Marking Links and Images......Page 107 Referring to Files......Page 110 Span, Lists, Tables, and Boxes......Page 112 Cascading Style Sheets......Page 118 Styling with Class......Page 120 Hovering Above Links......Page 123 HTML Wrap-Up......Page 125 Summary......Page 126 Review Questions......Page 127 Chapter 5 Locating Information on the WWW: The Search for Truth......Page 132 Web Search Fundamentals......Page 134 Advanced Searches......Page 140 Web Searching......Page 145 Authoritative Information......Page 150 Truth or Fiction?......Page 154 Try It Solutions......Page 158 Review Questions......Page 159 Chapter 6 An Introduction to Debugging: To Err Is Human......Page 162 Debugging: What’s the Problem?......Page 164 A Dialog About Debugging......Page 166 Debugging Recap......Page 170 Fixing HTML Bugs: A Case Study......Page 171 No Printer Output: A Classic Scenario......Page 181 Ensuring the Reliability of Software......Page 184 Community Debugging......Page 185 Try It Solutions......Page 186 Review Questions......Page 187 Interview with Vinton G. Cerf......Page 190 PART 2 Algorithms and Digitizing Information......Page 194 Chapter 7 Representing Information Digitally: Bits and the “Why” of Bytes......Page 196 Digitizing Discrete Information......Page 198 Information Representation......Page 200 Binary and Hex......Page 204 Digitizing Numbers in Binary......Page 206 Digitizing Text......Page 209 UTF-8......Page 213 The Metadata and the OED......Page 214 Try It Solutions......Page 219 Review Questions......Page 220 Chapter 8 Representing Multimedia Digitally: Light, Sound, Magic......Page 222 Digitizing Color......Page 224 Computing on Representations......Page 231 Digitizing Sound......Page 237 Digital Images and Video......Page 240 Optical Character Recognition......Page 245 Multimedia Challenges......Page 247 Bits Are It......Page 248 Try It Solutions......Page 249 Review Questions......Page 250 Chapter 9 Principles of Computer Operations: Following Instructions......Page 254 There’s an App for That......Page 256 Software Isn’t So Hard......Page 257 Instruction Execution Engine......Page 261 The Program Counter: The PC’s PC......Page 267 Instruction Execution......Page 268 Translation......Page 273 Integrated Circuits......Page 276 How Semiconductor Technology Works......Page 279 Combining the Ideas......Page 281 Try It Solutions......Page 283 Review Questions......Page 284 Chapter 10 Algorithmic Thinking: What’s the Plan?......Page 288 Algorithms......Page 290 Algorithms—A Basic Concept......Page 296 A Closer Look......Page 297 Doing the Right Thing......Page 301 Try It Solutions......Page 304 Review Questions......Page 305 Interview with Ray Kurzweil......Page 307 PART 3 Data and Information......Page 312 Chapter 11 Social Implications of IT Computers in Polite Society......Page 314 The Power of the Crowd......Page 316 Out on Good Behavior......Page 318 Expect the Unexpected......Page 322 Creating Good Passwords......Page 323 Spam......Page 328 Scams......Page 329 Protecting Intellectual Property......Page 334 Creative Commons......Page 338 Summary......Page 340 Review Questions......Page 341 Chapter 12 Privacy and Digital Security: Shhh, It’s a Secret......Page 346 Privacy and Technology......Page 348 A Privacy Definition......Page 349 Enjoying the Benefits of Privacy......Page 350 Fair Information Practices......Page 351 Is There No Privacy?......Page 352 Tracking......Page 355 Cookies......Page 359 Digital Security......Page 361 Prevention......Page 364 Encryption......Page 368 Redundancy Is Very, Very, Very Good......Page 374 Summary......Page 377 Review Questions......Page 378 Chapter 13 The Basics of Spreadsheets: Fill-in-the-Blank Computing......Page 382 Arranging Information......Page 384 Computing with Spreadsheets......Page 388 Daily Spreadsheets......Page 397 Importing Data......Page 403 Summary......Page 408 Review Questions......Page 409 Chapter 14 Advanced Spreadsheets for Planning: “What If” Thinking Helps......Page 414 Designing a Spreadsheet......Page 416 Conditional Formatting......Page 419 Conditional Formulas......Page 422 Naming: Symbolic Reference......Page 425 “What If ” Analysis......Page 428 Analyzing Data Using Filtering......Page 434 Summary......Page 438 Review Questions......Page 439 Chapter 15 Introduction to Database Concepts: A Table with a View......Page 442 Differences Between Tables and Databases......Page 444 XML: A Language for Metadata Tags......Page 445 Tables and Entities......Page 451 The Science of Tables......Page 454 SQL: The Language of Databases......Page 465 Structure of a Database......Page 468 Try It Solutions......Page 470 Review Questions......Page 471 Chapter 16 A Case Study in Database Organization: The iDiary Database......Page 474 Thinking About a Personal Database......Page 476 A Preliminary Exercise......Page 477 The iDiary Database......Page 487 Using the iDiary Daily......Page 497 Try It Solutions......Page 499 Review Questions......Page 500 Interview with Alan Kay......Page 502 PART 4 Problem Solving......Page 506 Chapter 17 Fundamental Concepts Expressed in JavaScript: Get with the Program......Page 508 Overview: Programming Concepts......Page 510 Names, Values, and Variables......Page 511 Three Basic Data Types of JavaScript......Page 515 The Assignment Statement......Page 518 Lab Practice......Page 521 An Expression and Its Syntax......Page 523 A Conditional Statement......Page 527 The Espresso Program......Page 532 Summary......Page 534 Try It Solutions......Page 535 Review Questions......Page 536 Chapter 18 A JavaScript Program: The Bean Counter......Page 540 Preliminaries......Page 542 Background for the UI......Page 543 Creating the Graphical User Interface......Page 546 Event-Based Programming......Page 549 Critiquing the Bean Counter......Page 553 Bean Counter Recap......Page 556 Try It Solutions......Page 557 Review Questions......Page 558 Chapter 19 Programming Functions: Thinking Big......Page 562 Anatomy of a Function......Page 564 Forms and Functions......Page 567 Writing Functions, Using Functions......Page 569 Customizing Pages......Page 575 Making a Web-Based Phone App......Page 578 Social Functions......Page 583 Summary......Page 589 Try It Solutions......Page 590 Review Questions......Page 591 Chapter 20 Iteration Principles: Once Is Not Enough......Page 594 Iteration: Play It Again, Sam......Page 596 JavaScript Rules for for Loops......Page 598 Experiments with Flipping Coins......Page 601 Indexing......Page 606 Arrays......Page 607 It’s Magic......Page 609 The Busy Animation......Page 611 Not So Busy Animation......Page 616 Summary......Page 618 Try It Solutions......Page 619 Review Questions......Page 621 Chapter 21 A Case Study in Algorithmic Problem Solving: The Smooth Motion Application......Page 624 The Smooth Motion Application......Page 626 Planning Smooth Motion......Page 627 Build the Basic Web Page UI......Page 630 Animate the Grid......Page 631 The Best Laid Plans . . .......Page 635 Build Controls......Page 636 Sense the Keys......Page 637 Staircase Detection......Page 640 Assemble Overall Design......Page 641 Primp the Design......Page 643 Summary......Page 644 Try It Solutions......Page 645 Review Questions......Page 646 Chapter 22 Limits to Computation: Computers Can Do Almost......Page 648 Can Computers Think?......Page 650 Acting Intelligently?......Page 652 Watson......Page 657 Acting Creatively?......Page 661 The Universality Principle......Page 664 More Work, Slower Speed......Page 667 Are “Best” Algorithms All Fast?......Page 668 Summary......Page 670 Review Questions......Page 671 Chapter 23 A Fluency Summary: Click to Close......Page 674 Two Big Computing Ideas......Page 676 Fluency: Less Is More......Page 677 Lifelong IT Learning......Page 679 Review Questions......Page 681 Interview with David Ferrucci......Page 683 Appendix A: HTML5 Reference......Page 688 Appendix B: RSA Public Key Cryptosystem......Page 694 Appendix C: iDiary: Tags and Templates......Page 700 Appendix D: JavaScript Programming Rules......Page 706 Appendix E: The Bean Counter Program......Page 714 Appendix F: myApps Page......Page 718 Appendix G: Smooth Motion Program......Page 726 A......Page 730 C......Page 731 E......Page 732 I......Page 733 M......Page 734 P......Page 735 S......Page 736 V......Page 737 X......Page 738 Answers to Selected Questions......Page 740 A......Page 750 B......Page 751 C......Page 752 D......Page 754 E......Page 756 G......Page 757 H......Page 758 I......Page 759 J......Page 760 M......Page 761 O......Page 762 P......Page 763 R......Page 764 S......Page 765 T......Page 766 U......Page 767 W......Page 768 Y......Page 769 Credits......Page 770
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