The Nile Development Game: Tug-of-War or Benefits for All?

Description

This book introduces an analytic framework constructed upon the iterated Prisoners' Dilemma game to model and analyze transboundary water interactions along the Nile River. It presents a thorough and in-depth analysis of the historical path through which conflict and cooperation have been generated among the Nile riparians over large-scale developmental schemes. This is done through modeling water interactions in the basin as an iterated Prisoners' Dilemma game and employing process-tracing method to compare four distinguishable rounds of the game: the colonial round, the Cold War round, the post-Cold War round, and the post-2011 round. The book examines the influences of the changing political contexts at the domestic, regional, and global levels on the game outcomes. This framework is initially applied on several cases of international rivers worldwide, while the rest of the book is devoted to the Nile case. The book's central argument is that the riparians' interests, capabilities, and beliefs are heterogeneous in varying degrees and that the changing multilevel political contexts influence the level of such heterogeneities among the riparians, which ultimately drive the equilibrium dynamics in the Nile game to generate different conflictive and cooperative outcomes over time. Although the book's main conclusion indicates that the absence of economic interdependence and regional integration will transfer the game into tug-of-war, which will impose harsh punishment on the basin communities and ecosystems on the long term, the final chapter lists a group of recommendations addressed to the riparian states and international donors, exploring the way for boosting cooperation and preventing conflicts in the basin. Presenting clear theoretical, methodological, and policy implications, this book is appropriate for students and scholars of international relations, hydrology, and development studies. Front Matter ....Pages i-xxxiii Introduction: The Nile Development Game (Mina Michel Samaan)....Pages 1-18 The Analytic Framework: Modeling the Dilemma of Transboundary River Basins as an Iterated PD Game (Mina Michel Samaan)....Pages 19-46 The Colonial Round: The Opening Scene of Utilizing the Nile Waters Outside Egypt (Mina Michel Samaan)....Pages 47-84 The Cold War Round: Large-Scale National Water Schemes in a Polarized World (Mina Michel Samaan)....Pages 85-132 The Post-Cold War Round: The Failure to Build Institutionalized Basin-Wide Cooperation in the Nile Basin (Mina Michel Samaan)....Pages 133-178 The Post-2011 Round: The New Chapter of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam and the Shadow of the Future (Mina Michel Samaan)....Pages 179-229 Conclusion: Tug-of-War or Benefits for All? (Mina Michel Samaan)....Pages 231-243 Back Matter ....Pages 245-277