Foundations of Health Service Psychology: An Evidence-Based Biopsychosocial Approach

Description

Foundations of Health Service Psychology describes a comprehensive science-based approach to the clinical practice of psychology. It systematically applies recent scientific advances in understanding human psychology to updating conceptual frameworks used in professional psychology education and practice. The new edition includes significant elaboration on recent research; neuro- and behavioral science research regarding many aspects of cognition, emotion, and behavior have strengthened considerably over the past decade as has the role of evolutionary theory for understanding why humans are "designed" the way we are. The movement toward integrated primary care has also advanced considerably. These and other topics are updated significantly in this new edition. The new edition is also reorganized to streamline the presentation. Foundations of Health Service Psychology Copyright Preface 1 - The foundational framework for understanding human psychology and behavioral health care The foundational structure of biopsychosocial behavioral health care Science based Ethics based Translating science and ethics into behavioral health care: evidence-based practice A very exciting time for psychology 2 - The evolution of psychology as a science and field of professional practice Science, the most successful invention ever The nature of science Complexity of the phenomena Positivism Logical positivism and the deductive–nomological approach Reductionism Kuhn's historical perspective Popper and falsification Postmodernism Science as “the view from nowhere” Improvements in scientific technology The importance of philosophical and historical perspectives in psychology Historical development of research and theory in psychology Theoretical proliferation and confusion in the discipline Current scientific status of psychology 3 - Scientific foundations: understanding human nature The evolutionary origins of humans and human psychology The necessity of evolutionary theory for understanding humankind Behavior change and nature versus nurture in human development Neural plasticity Epigenetics Nature versus nurture, or simply biopsychosocial development? A unified scientific perspective for understanding behavioral health care 4 - Ethical foundations of behavioral health care A science-based biopsychosocial perspective on moral reasoning and behavior Irrationality in human cognition and moral reasoning The evolution of cooperative and prosocial behavior The importance of ethical theory The question of moral status Consequentialist theory Deontological or Kantian approaches Rights theory Virtue theory Principle-based, common morality approach to biomedical ethics Respect for autonomy Nonmaleficence Beneficence Justice Moral character—the necessary context Becoming more ethical 5 - Psychological functioning Mental disorders Substance use disorders Suicide Well-being and flourishing Importance of psychological factors 6 - Sociocultural functioning Demographic characteristics Families, relationships, and living arrangements Child maltreatment Elder abuse Criminal victimization and legal involvement Religion and spirituality Importance of sociocultural factors 7 - Physical health and functioning Life expectancy, causes of death, and medical conditions Increase in chronic disease Co-occurring mental illness and physical disease Quality of life and well-being Underlying causes of chronic disease Importance of physical health 8.- Development: biopsychosocial factors interacting over time Key features of a developmental framework Age-related changes in abilities Multiple contexts within which development occurs Interactions among biological, psychological, and social factors Developmental tasks and competence Attachment as a prototypical example Risk and protective factors Adverse childhood experiences Health, well-being, and flourishing Integrating the biopsychosocial dimensions 9 - Assessment Conceptual foundations of behavioral health care assessment The importance of evidence-based practice The importance of reliability and validity The necessity of a comprehensive perspective Basic purposes of behavioral health care assessment Areas to include in behavioral health care assessment Reliability, validity, sources, and thoroughness of assessment information Assessing severity of patient problems and strength of resources Overall evaluation and integration of assessment information Prioritizing problems and needs Overall complexity of problems and needs Putting it all together 10 - Treatment planning Treatment planning from an evidence-based biopsychosocial perspective Initial decisions Addressing severity and complexity of problems and needs Crisis intervention Level of care Stepped models of intervention Clinical practice guidelines Collaborative care Incorporating psychotherapy and counseling in the treatment plan Recognizing and anticipating obstacles Follow-up and ongoing care Range of alternative interventions The importance of treatment planning 11 - Treatment Conceptualizing behavioral health care treatment Broad perspective on treatment Priority on the safety and effectiveness of treatment Systematic monitoring of the progress and effectiveness of treatment Communication and collaboration with other professionals and third parties The safety and effectiveness of individual psychotherapy Is psychotherapy effective? Is the effectiveness of psychotherapy clinically significant? How often do patients return to normal functioning? Do the benefits of psychotherapy last? How does the effectiveness of psychotherapy compare with psychotropic medications? Does psychotherapy work better for some individuals than for others? Do some patients get worse? What factors account for the effectiveness of psychotherapy? How important are the skills of the individual therapist to psychotherapy effectiveness? If not all psychotherapy patients improve, can the number of treatment failures be reduced? Effective behavioral health care treatment 12 - Outcomes assessment Rationale for outcomes assessment in behavioral health care Outcomes assessment in health care generally Condition-specific outcome measures Global outcome measures Patient satisfaction Cost effectiveness Outcomes assessment in behavioral health care Content and focus of outcome measures Sources of outcome data Schedule for collecting data Follow-up Benefits of outcome measurement 13 - Public health and integrated primary care The remarkable history and effectiveness of public health Key features of public health Measuring the health of the public Morbidity and mortality Alternative measures Prevention Basic approaches to prevention Effectiveness of preventive interventions Integrated primary care Origins of integrated care in the United States Primary care as the de facto behavioral health care system Coordinated, integrated health care models Interprofessional training Improving human health and functioning 14 - A new era for health service psychology Implications of a unified clinical science approach to health service psychology Less competition and greater cohesiveness within the field Serving more individuals through greater integration into primary care Greater involvement in prevention and health promotion Improved treatment effectiveness Greater emphasis on well-being Changing human self-identity Addressing urgent challenges of the contemporary world Interconnectedness of all life and existence References Index A B C D E F H I J K L M N O P R S T U V W Y