Engineering Fluid Mechanics

Description

Written by dedicated educators who are also real-life engineers with a passion for the discipline, Engineering Fluid Mechanics, 11th Edition, carefully guides students from fundamental fluid mechanics concepts to real-world engineering applications. The Eleventh Edition and its accompanying resources deliver a powerful learning solution that helps students develop a strong conceptual understanding of fluid flow phenomena through clear physical descriptions, relevant and engaging photographs, illustrations, and a variety of fully worked example problems. Including a wealth of problems-- including open-ended design problems and computer-oriented problems--this text offers ample opportunities for students to apply fluid mechanics principles as they build knowledge in a logical way and enjoy the journey of discovery. This text is an unbound, three hole punched version. Cover......Page 1 Title Page......Page 3 Copyright Page......Page 4 Dedication......Page 5 Contents......Page 7 Preface......Page 9 Acknowledgments......Page 11 CHAPTER ONE Introduction......Page 15 1.1 Engineering Fluid Mechanics......Page 16 1.2 How Materials are Idealized......Page 17 1.3 Weight, Mass, and Newton’s Law of Gravitation......Page 22 1.4 Essential Math Topics......Page 25 1.5 Density and Specific Weight......Page 27 1.6 The Ideal Gas Law (IGL)......Page 29 1.7 Units and Dimensions......Page 32 1.8 Problem Solving......Page 38 1.9 Summarizing Key Knowledge......Page 41 CHAPTER TWO Fluid Properties......Page 46 2.1 System, State, and Property......Page 47 2.2 Looking Up Fluid Properties......Page 48 2.3 Topics Related to Density......Page 51 2.4 Pressure and Shear Stress......Page 53 2.5 The Viscosity Equation......Page 56 2.6 Surface Tension......Page 62 2.7 Vapor Pressure......Page 66 2.8 Characterizing Thermal Energy in Flowing Gases......Page 67 2.9 Summarizing Key Knowledge......Page 68 CHAPTER THREE Fluid Statics......Page 74 3.1 Describing Pressure......Page 75 3.2 The Hydrostatic Equations......Page 80 3.3 Measuring Pressure......Page 85 3.4 The Pressure Force on a Panel (Flat Surface)......Page 89 3.5 Calculating the Pressure Force on a Curved Surface......Page 95 3.6 Calculating Buoyant Forces......Page 98 3.7 Predicting Stability of Immersed and Floating Bodies......Page 100 3.8 Summarizing Key Knowledge......Page 104 4.1 Describing Streamlines, Streaklines, and Pathlines......Page 118 4.2 Characterizing Velocity of a Flowing Fluid......Page 121 4.3 Describing Flow......Page 123 4.4 Acceleration......Page 129 4.5 Applying Euler’s Equation to Understand Pressure Variation......Page 132 4.6 Applying the Bernoulli Equation along a Streamline......Page 137 4.7 Measuring Velocity and Pressure......Page 143 4.8 Characterizing the Rotational Motion of a Flowing Fluid......Page 146 4.9 The Bernoulli Equation for Irrotational Flow......Page 150 4.10 Describing the Pressure Field for Flow over a Circular Cylinder......Page 151 4.11 Calculating the Pressure Field for a Rotating Flow......Page 153 4.12 Summarizing Key Knowledge......Page 155 5.1 Characterizing the Rate of Flow......Page 168 5.2 The Control Volume Approach......Page 174 5.3 The Continuity Equation (Theory)......Page 180 5.4 The Continuity Equation (Application)......Page 181 5.5 Predicting Cavitation......Page 188 5.6 Summarizing Key Knowledge......Page 191 6.1 Understanding Newton’s Second Law of Motion......Page 202 6.2 The Linear Momentum Equation: Theory......Page 206 6.3 The Linear Momentum Equation: Application......Page 209 6.4 The Linear Momentum Equation for a Stationary Control Volume......Page 211 6.5 Examples of the Linear Momentum Equation (Moving Objects)......Page 220 6.6 The Angular Momentum Equation......Page 225 6.7 Summarizing Key Knowledge......Page 228 CHAPTER SEVEN The Energy Equation......Page 241 7.1 Technical Vocabulary: Work, Energy, and Power......Page 242 7.2 Conservation of Energy......Page 244 7.3 The Energy Equation......Page 246 7.4 The Power Equation......Page 253 7.5 Mechanical Efficiency......Page 255 7.7 Transitions......Page 258 7.8 The Hydraulic and Energy Grade Lines......Page 261 7.9 Summarizing Key Knowledge......Page 264 8.1 The Need for Dimensional Analysis......Page 277 8.3 Dimensional Analysis......Page 279 8.4 Common π-Groups......Page 283 8.5 Similitude......Page 286 8.6 Model Studies for Flows without Free-Surface Effects......Page 290 8.7 Model-Prototype Performance......Page 293 8.8 Approximate Similitude at High Reynolds Numbers......Page 294 8.9 Free-Surface Model Studies......Page 297 8.10 Summarizing Key Knowledge......Page 300 CHAPTER NINE Viscous Flow Over a Flat Surface......Page 306 9.1 The Navier-Stokes Equation for Uniform Flow......Page 307 9.2 Couette Flow......Page 308 9.3 Poiseuille Flow in a Channel......Page 309 9.4 The Boundary Layer (Description)......Page 311 9.5 Velocity Profiles in the Boundary Layer......Page 312 9.6 The Boundary Layer (Calculations)......Page 314 9.7 Summarizing Key Knowledge......Page 318 CHAPTER TEN Flow in Conduits......Page 325 10.1 Classifying Flow......Page 326 10.2 Specifying Pipe Sizes......Page 328 10.3 Pipe Head Loss......Page 329 10.4 Stress Distributions in Pipe Flow......Page 331 10.5 Laminar Flow in a Round Tube......Page 333 10.6 Turbulent Flow and the Moody Diagram......Page 336 10.7 A Strategy for Solving Problems......Page 341 10.8 Combined Head Loss......Page 345 10.9 Nonround Conduits......Page 349 10.10 Pumps and Systems of Pipes......Page 351 10.11 Summarizing Key Knowledge......Page 356 11.1 Relating Lift and Drag to Stress Distributions......Page 369 11.2 Calculating the Drag Force......Page 371 11.3 Drag of Axisymmetric and 3-D Bodies......Page 374 11.4 Terminal Velocity......Page 379 11.5 Vortex Shedding......Page 381 11.7 Drag in Compressible Flow......Page 382 11.8 The Theory of Lift......Page 383 11.9 Lift and Drag on Airfoils......Page 387 11.10 Lift and Drag on Road Vehicles......Page 393 11.11 Summarizing Key Knowledge......Page 396 12.1 Wave Propagation in Compressible Fluids......Page 404 12.2 Mach Number Relationships......Page 409 12.3 Normal Shock Waves......Page 414 12.4 Isentropic Compressible Flow through a Duct with Varying Area......Page 419 12.5 Summarizing Key Knowledge......Page 430 13.1 Measuring Velocity and Pressure......Page 434 13.2 Measuring Flow Rate (Discharge)......Page 441 13.3 Summarizing Key Knowledge......Page 456 CHAPTERFOURTEEN Turbomachinery......Page 463 14.1 Propellers......Page 464 14.2 Axial-Flow Pumps......Page 468 14.3 Radial-Flow Machines......Page 472 14.4 Specific Speed......Page 475 14.5 Suction Limitations of Pumps......Page 477 14.6 Viscous Effects......Page 479 14.7 Centrifugal Compressors......Page 480 14.8 Turbines......Page 483 14.9 Summarizing Key Knowledge......Page 491 CHAPTER FIFTEEN Flow in Open Channels......Page 497 15.1 Description of Open-Channel Flow......Page 498 15.2 The Energy Equation for Steady Open-Channel Flow......Page 500 15.3 Steady Uniform Flow......Page 501 15.5 Rapidly Varied Flow......Page 509 15.6 Hydraulic Jump......Page 519 15.7 Gradually Varied Flow......Page 524 15.8 Summarizing Key Knowledge......Page 531 CHAPTER SIXTEEN Modeling of Fluid Dynamics Problems......Page 538 16.1 Models in Fluid Mechanics......Page 539 16.2 Foundations for Learning Partial Differential Equations (PDEs)......Page 543 16.3 The Continuity Equation......Page 552 16.4 The Navier-Stokes Equation......Page 558 16.5 Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)......Page 562 16.6 Examples of CFD......Page 567 16.7 A Path for Moving Forward......Page 569 16.8 Summarizing Key Knowledge......Page 570 Appendix......Page 577 Answers......Page 587 Index......Page 595 EULA......Page 607