Gesammelte Schriften, Band 6: Politische Analysen für das OSS und Department of State

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Cover Einleitung zu diesem Band 1. Die Research and Analysis Branch im Office of Strategic Services 2. Die Bedeutung der R&A-Studien für die Civil Affairs Division 3. Das Civil Affairs Handbook Germany: Legal Affairs 4. Vorschläge zur Nachkriegsplanung im besetzten Deutschland 4.1. Die unmittelbare Aufhebung der nationalsozialistischen Gesetzgebung 4.2. Die Verwaltung der Strafjustiz unter der Militärregierung 4.3. Die Leitlinien der Nachkriegsverwaltung in Deutschland 5. R&A im State Department 5.1. Eine Erfolgsgeschichte geht zu Ende 5.2. Truman und Smith 5.3. Keine neue Heimat für Research and Analysis 5.4. Otto Kirchheimer im State Department 6. Anmerkungen zur alliierten Besatzungspolitik und zum deutschen Wiederaufbau 7. Der Kampf um die französische Verfassung 8. Betrachtungen über das besetzte Deutschland 9. Beobachtungen des ostdeutschen Staates 10. Gegen die westeuropäischen Kommunisten 11. Das politische Leben der jungen BRD 12. Vorüberlegungen zur »catch-all«-Partei? 13. Zur österreichischen Außenpolitik 14. Editorische Hinweise [1.] The Abrogation of Nazi Laws in the Early Period of MG[1944] NOTE I. Analysis of the Problem II. Recommendations A. General B. Abrogation of Discriminatory Legislation C. Abrogation of Special Privileges D. Non-Discrimination in Criminal Law and Procedures E. General Clause Concerning the Elimination of Discrimination III. Abolition of Legislation Restricting Political and Civil Liberties A. Political Activities B. Social Economic, and Cultural Activities IV. Abolition of Legislation Possessing a Particularly Strong Nazi Character A. Abolition of Nazi Symbolism B. Eugenic Legislation C. Labor Legislation V. De-Nazification of the Judiciary A. Reorganization of the Judiciary B. Suspension of Court Activities C. Release of Prisoners Appendix: List of Nazi Laws Requiring Abrogation Citizenship: Discrimination a. Against »Non-Aryans«: b. Against Foreigners and Foreign Workers: Preferences for Members and Veterans of Party, Police, and Armed forces: Criminal Law and Criminal Procedure: Restrictions of Individual Freedom in the Fields of a. Political and Labor Activities: b. Cultural Activities: c. Church Activities: Nazi Ideology: a. Symbols: b. Eugenics: c . Labor: Note: [2.] Administration of German Criminal Justice under Military Government [1944] Summary I. Analysis of the Problem A. Introduction B. Nazi Changes in Criminal Law C. Substantive Law 1. General Criminal Legislation under the Nazi Regime. a. Political Crimes. b. Basic Changes in the Criminal Code. i. Article 2. ii. Pre-War Changes in the Criminal Code. iii. Changes in the Criminal Code Necessitated by the War. iv. Penalties. v. Juvenile Cases. D. Procedural Law 1. Preventive Detention. 2. Right to Representation. 3. Right to Bring a Case to Trial. 4. Right to Introduce Evidence. 5. Right to Appeal and to Ask New Trial. 6. Basis of Decision. E. Problems of Jurisdiction F. Problems of Administration 1. Prosecutors. 2. Courts. II. Recommendations A. MG’s Approach to Criminal Law B. Substantive Law 1. General Criminal Legislation under the Nazi Regime. a. Political Crimes. b. Basic Changes in the Criminal Code. i. Article 2. ii. Pre-war Changes in the Criminal Code. iii. Changes in the Criminal Code Necessitated by the War. iv. Penalties. v. Juvenile Cases. C. Procedural Law 1. Preventive Detention. 2. Right to Representation. 3. Right to Introduce Evidence. 4. Right to Appeal and to Ask a New Trial. 5. Basis of Decision. D. Problems of Jurisdiction 1. Distribution of Functions. 2. Division of Jurisdiction between MG Courts and the German Courts. 3. Jurisdictional Conflicts between MG Courts and the German Criminal Courts. E. Amnesty Problems 1. Need for Action by MG. 2. Short-Term Occupation. a. Persons in Concentration Camps. b. Definition of Political Crimes. c. Definition of Military Crimes. d. Treatment of Short-Term Sentences. e. Action by MG. 3. Long-Term Occupation. a. First Phase of Occupation. b. Subsequent Action by MG i. Agency to Administer Program. F. Prosecution of Nazi Offenders against German Citizens G. Problems of Administration 1. Supervision of German Courts. 2. Executive Revision of Sentences. Appendix [3.] General Principles of Administration and Civil Service in Germany[1944] Foreword Summary I. Analysis of the Problem A. The Administrative Problems Facing MG B. Characteristics of the Present-day Administration C. The Fate of the German Central Agencies D. Relation between German and MG Agencies E. Civil Service F. The Nazis and the Civil Service G. The Problem of Civil Service Replacements II. Recommendations A. Policy towards German Agencies 1. Agencies Automatically Superseded by Agencies of the Occupying Power. 2. Agencies to be Dissolved because They Disseminate Nazi Ideology. 3. Agencies for War Preparation and for Coordination of Political or Economic Life. a. Agencies which Must Be Dissolved b. Agencies to be Dissolved unless Found Necessary for Prosecution of MG Policies c. Agencies to be Reorganized (1) Ministry of the Interior (2) Ministry of Justice (3) Ministry of Food and Agriculture 4. Remaining German Central Agencies. B. Personnel Problems [4.] Civil Affairs Handbook GermanySection 3: Legal Affairs[1944] Introduction Purpose of the Civil Affairs Handbooks. I. Administration of Justice in Germany A. The Development of a Unified Legal System B. The Court System 1. The Local Courts (Amtsgerichte). 2. The District Courts (Landsgerichte). 3. The Courts of Appeal. 4. The Supreme Court. C. Development of the Court System under the Third Reich 1. Special Courts for Special Categories of Cases. 2. Special Courts for Special Categories of Persons. D. The Court Personnel 1. Legal Training. 2. The Judiciary. 3. The Minor Court Officials. II. The Reich Ministry of Justice III. The Bar IV. German Criminal Law and Procedure A. The Sources of Criminal Law 1. Substantive Law. 2. Procedural Law. B. Principles of Liberal Criminal Law C. Criminal Law under the Republic D. Criminal Law under the Third Reich 1. Pre-War Developments. 2. German Amnesty Practices. 3. Substantive Criminal Law in Wartime. E. Criminal Prosecution F. Rules of Criminal Procedure G. Criminal Appeals H. Treatment of Juvenile Delinquency I. The Execution of Penalties and the Prison System J. Conclusion V. Administrative Justice and Administrative Tribunals A. The Development of Administrative Courts B. The Prussian System of Administrative Courts C. The Civil Courts and the Administrative Courts VI. German Civil Law and Civil Procedure A. Civil Procedure B. Civil Law VII. Commercial Law VIII. Wartime Measures in the Administration of Justice 1942 – 1943 Appendix I List of Appeal Courts (Oberlandesgerichte) Appendix II [5.] The General Character of a Future German Government [1946] I. The Main Problems A. Centralism vs. Federalism B. The System of Elections C. Parliamentary vs. Presidential Democracy D. Fundamental Rights [6.] Current Political Tendencies in Germany Bearing on Its Future Governmental Structure [1946] I. The Main Problems A. The Political Party System B. Governmental Reorganization [7.] A Constitution for the Fourth Republic[1947] Publisher´s Preface Preface Part I. The Draft Constitution Chapter I Introduction to the problem Chapter II The Parties and the Constitution Chapter III Towards the Framing of the Constitution Chapter IV The Draft Constitution Chapter V Towards a new Bill of Rights Chapter VI The Empire and the Draft Constitution Chapter VII The Referendum and the Elections of June 2, 1946 Part II. The Final Phase Chapter I The New Constitutional Compromise Chapter II The Battle of the French Union Chapter III The Referendum of October 13, 1946, and the Elections of November 10, 1946 [8.] The Refugee Problem in Western Germany[1949] I. Introduction A. Definition and Approach B. Background II. The Problem A. Demographic Aspects B. Economic Aspects C. Sociological Aspects D. Political Aspects III. Possible Solutions A. General Considerations B. Specific Measures [9.] Communist Strength in the Trade-Union Organizations of Western Europe [1950] Abstract 1. France 2. Italy 3. Belgium 4. Netherlands 5. Sweden 6. Norway 7. Denmark 8. Iceland [10.] The State of East Germany 1949 – 1950[1950] Abstract Introduction:Major Differences Between Eastern and Western Germany I. Structure of East German Society II. The Political Structure A. The Government B. Parties and Mass Organizations III. Impact of the East German State on Western Germany IV. Prospects of the Regime [11.] The Status of Labor in East Germany, 1951[1951] Abstract I. Introduction II. Functions of the Trade Unions III. Functions of the Trade Unions in Private Industry IV. New Concept of the Collective Contract V. The Wage Structure VI. Labor Administration VII. Labor Allocation VIII. The Uranium Mines IX. The Role of Women in the Labor Force X. Conclusion [12.] Prospects for the Development of Control Measures Against the Communist Parties of Western Europe [1951] Problem Conclusions Discussion I. Background II. Factors Conditioning the Adaption of Anti-Communist Measures A. Communist Strength, Influence, and Capabilities B. Sources of Communist Strength C. Attitude Toward the Communist Parties D. Political Balance E. Likely Future Course of Action III. Possible Control Measures IV. Consequence of the Dissolution of Communist Parties in Western Europe V. Pressure for Physical Eradication of the Communist Parties [13.] The Current Status of the Socialist Unity Party (SED) in Eastern Germany [1952] Abstract Report I. Introduction II. Status of the SED III. Conclusion [14.] Communist Influence in Sensitive Positions in Western Europe[1952] Abstract Report I. FRANCE A. Communist Influence in the Government B. Labor C. Defense and Internal Security II. ITALY III. UNITED KINGDOM IV. WESTERN GERMANY V. AUSTRIA VI. BENELUX VII. SCANDINAVIA [15.] Implications of Chancellor Adenauer’s Removal from the German Political Scene [1952] Abstract Report [16.] Higher Education in East Germany[1952] Abstract Report 1. State Control of University Administration 2. State Control of Professors and Instructors 3. State Control of Research Activities 4. State Control of Students 5. Establishment of Special Institutes 6. Curricular Revisions Conclusion [17.] Probable Course of German Constitutional Court Crisis[1952] Abstract Report A. The Jurisdiction of the Court B. Problems of Procedure C. Political Implications [18.] The West German Election Campaign[1953] Abstract I. Introduction II. Impact of Election Law on Party Tactics III. The Election Campaign A. Candidates and Supporting Interest Groups B. The Course of the Campaign V. Election Trends A. Participation B. Effects of Splinter Groups C. Probable Outcome [19.] Austria Attempts Independent Foreign Policy[1953] Abstract I. Austrian Reactions to Recent Soviet Moves II. The New Eastern Policy III. Internal Factors Prompting New Policy IV. Estimate of the New Policy [20.] The West German Bundestag Elections of 1953[1953] Abstract I. Introduction II. Extent of Voter Participation III. Number of Invalid Votes IV. The Two Ballot System V. Probabilities of a Two-Party System VI. The Middle Class Parties A. The Christian Democratic Union/Christian Social Union (CDU/CSU) B. The Bavaria Party (BP) and Center Party (ZP) C. The Free Democratic Party (FDP) D. The German Party (DP) VII. Prospects of The All-German Bloc (BHE) VIII. Failure of The Neutralist All-German People’s Party (GVP) IX. The Social Democratic Party (SPD) X. The Communist Party (KPD) XI. The Ultra-Rightist Defeat Abkürzungen Otto Kirchheimers Schriften im amerikanischen Nachrichtendienst Personenregister Sachregister