Chronological Developments Of Wireless Radio Systems Before World War II

Description

This comprehensive and authoritative volume traces the history of research leading to the development of the wireless radio systems. It discusses the methods adopted by a large number of inventors and the results they obtained to provide perspective on how historical methods and events can be a source of inspiration for future research. This book will be of interest to researchers and students in telecommunications engineering as well as to teachers of history of science and technology. Preface......Page 6 Acknowledgement......Page 8 Contents......Page 9 About the Author......Page 16 List of Figures......Page 17 List of Tables......Page 27 1.1 Introduction to Long Distance Communication......Page 28 1.1.1 Wireless Telegraphic Communication Methods......Page 29 1.2.2 Claude Chappé's Optical Telegraph......Page 30 1.3 Discoveries of Various Forms of Electricity and Magnetism......Page 31 1.4.2 Maunoir Odier's Idea About Telegraph......Page 32 1.4.6 Anonymous Telegraph......Page 33 1.4.11 Reizen's Electric Spark Telegraph......Page 34 1.4.13 Salvá's Electric Spark Telegraph......Page 35 1.5 Conclusion......Page 36 2.1.1 Benjamin Franklin's Experiment......Page 37 2.1.3 Invention of Battery......Page 38 2.1.4 Basic Principles of Wireless Power Transfer......Page 39 2.2 Earth Return Path for Reduction of Wires in Long Distance Communications......Page 40 2.3.2 James Clerk Maxwell's Speculations About Electromagnetic Waves......Page 41 2.4.1 Application of Steinheil's Earth Return Path for Signal Transmission in Free Space......Page 42 2.5 Conclusion......Page 43 3 Electromagnetic Waves in Communication......Page 44 3.1 Theoretical and Practical Research on Electromagnetic Waves......Page 45 3.1.1 Maxwell's Electromagnetic Field Theory......Page 46 3.2 Electromagnetic Radiation and Related Historical Developments......Page 47 3.2.3 Experimental Demonstration of Existence Electromagnetic Waves by Heinrich Rudolf Hertz......Page 48 3.2.5 Applications of Electromagnetic Waves in Real Life by Nicola Tesla......Page 49 3.2.7 Nicola Tesla's Explanation of Wireless Transmission Concept at Franklin Institute......Page 50 3.2.9 Applications of Induction Coils and Their Roles in Spark Generation......Page 51 3.2.11 Role of ``Coherer'' in Wireless Radio Communication......Page 52 3.2.13 Augusto Righi's Oscillator......Page 53 3.2.15 Eugene Ducretet's Experimental Wireless Transmission from Eiffel Tower......Page 54 3.2.17 J. C. Bose's Self Recovering Coherer......Page 55 3.3 Conclusion......Page 56 4.1 Marconi's Work on Wireless Transmission......Page 57 4.1.2 Marconi's Experiments at South East Coast of England......Page 59 4.1.4 Marconi's Station at South Foreland......Page 61 4.1.6 Marconi's Wireless Transmissions Experiment Between St. Catherines Point on Isle of Wight and Lizard in Cornwall......Page 62 4.1.7 Marconi's Wireless Transmissions over the Atlantic Ocean......Page 63 4.1.8 Marconi's Work for Ship Communication......Page 66 4.2 Berlin International Wireless Telegraph Convention of 1906......Page 67 4.3 Commercialization of Radio Transmitters and Receivers for General Public......Page 68 4.6 Greenleaf Whittier Pickard's Crystal Detector Patent......Page 69 4.7 Installation of an Antenna by Northern Europe Wireless Telegraph Service......Page 70 4.8 Conclusion......Page 71 5 Fessenden's Heroic Work in Wireless Telephony......Page 72 5.1.1 Basic Requirements for Wireless Telephony......Page 73 5.1.2 Starting of an Era of Continuous Wave for Wireless Telephony......Page 75 5.2 Fessenden's Historic Broadcast from Bant Rock Station......Page 81 5.3 Conclusion......Page 82 6 The Era of Vacuum Tube Developments and Spread of Wireless Telephony......Page 83 6.1 Rise of Amateur Radio: Primitive Noncommercial Unorganised Experimental Wireless Audio Broadcasting......Page 84 6.2 Need for Detecting and Amplifying Devices and the Role of Thermionic Emission......Page 85 6.2.1 Edison Effect......Page 87 6.2.3 Invention of Audion......Page 88 6.2.4 Amateurist's Self Assigned Call Signs to Their Radio Transmitters as Registered by Wireless Association of America......Page 92 6.2.5 Laying of Foundations for Regulation for Radio Transmitters......Page 93 6.2.6 Wireless Systems After Invention of Vacuum Tubes......Page 95 6.2.7 Efforts Towards the Improvements of Valve......Page 97 6.3.1 Patent Controversy Between Edwin Howard Armstrong and Lee de Forest......Page 99 6.4 Patent Controversy Between Edwin Howard Armstrong and Lucien Lévy......Page 102 6.6 Wireless Radio Systems During World War I......Page 105 6.6.1 Edwin Armstrong's Superheterodyne Receiver......Page 109 6.7 Wireless System Development Scenario After World War I......Page 111 6.7.1 Amateur Wireless Radio Communication Systems......Page 112 6.7.2 First Two Way Transatlantic Communication......Page 113 6.7.3 Status of Wireless Broadcasting Systems After World War I......Page 115 6.7.4 Crystal Radio Receiver Developments......Page 120 6.7.5 Taking over of Marconi Wireless Telegraph Company of America by GE......Page 122 6.7.6 BBC Forms a Syndicate for Manufacture of Crystal Radio Sets......Page 123 6.7.7 Tuned Radio Frequency Receiver Developments......Page 126 6.7.8 AT&T Joins Cross Licensing Group......Page 127 6.7.9 Developments at Westinghouse and Joining of Cross Licensing Group......Page 128 6.7.10 Hoover's Radio Conferences for Streamlining the Use of Radio Frequency Waves......Page 129 6.7.11 Valve Based Radio Receiver Architectures......Page 133 6.7.12 Radiola Series of Radio Receivers......Page 134 6.7.13 Spread of Vacuum Tube Based Superheterodyne Radio Receivers......Page 139 6.7.14 Networking of Radio Broadcasting Stations......Page 140 6.7.16 Radio Act of 1927......Page 145 6.7.18 Lieutenant James H. Doolittle's First Flight Using Aircraft Instrument Guidance in September 1929......Page 146 6.7.19 Formation of RCA-Victor Company in October 1929......Page 147 6.7.20 Commercial Shipboard Wireless Communication Radio Receivers......Page 148 6.7.21 Exploitation of Superheterodyne Receivers......Page 149 6.7.22 Radio Wars......Page 151 6.8 Conclusion......Page 152 7 The Entry of Television......Page 153 7.1.1 Transmission and Reproduction of Still Images......Page 154 7.1.2 Transmission and Reproduction of Moving Pictures......Page 156 7.3 RCA's Television Broadcasting Experiments and FCC's Standardisation Efforts......Page 163 7.3.1 RCA's All Electronic Television Broadcasting from 1933 to 1936......Page 164 7.3.2 Invention of Frequency Modulation Principle for Reducing Disturbances in Radio Signalling-1935......Page 165 7.3.3 RCA's Television Broadcasting Developments from 1936–1938......Page 167 7.4 Conclusion......Page 168 8.1 Efforts Directed Towards Building Portable Wireless Systems......Page 169 8.1.1 Initiatives for Vehicular Communication......Page 170 8.1.2 Evolution of Handheld Transceivers......Page 172 8.2 Conclusion......Page 174 9.1 Effects of World Wars on Wireless Systems Developments......Page 175 9.1.2 Radio Direction Finding......Page 176 9.1.3 Use of Direction Finding for Navigational Purposes......Page 177 9.2.1 Heinrich Hertz's Experiments......Page 178 9.2.5 Christian Hülsmeyer's Demonstration......Page 179 9.2.7 Bellini and Tosi's DF System......Page 180 9.2.11 Albert Hoyt Taylor and Leo C Yong's Moving Target Detection Experiment......Page 181 9.2.14 Appleton and Barnett Use of FM Radar for Detection of Ionosphere......Page 182 9.2.18 Estill I. Green's Range Finding Between Two Stations......Page 183 9.2.22 Taylor, Young and Hyland's Use of Bi-static Radar......Page 184 9.2.24 French E'mile Girardeau's Radar......Page 185 9.3.1 Overview of Radio Direction Finding Methods......Page 186 9.6 Pre-world War II Developments......Page 190 9.6.4 Involvements of Robert Watson-Watt by CSSAD......Page 191 9.6.5 Watson-Watt's Daventry Aircraft Detection Experiment: A Precursor of Radar Systems Developments......Page 192 9.7 Radio Detection and Ranging (Radar) Concept......Page 193 9.7.1 Classifications of Various Radar Configurations......Page 194 9.8 Complex Radar Configurations......Page 197 9.9 Multi-site Radar Configuration/System......Page 198 9.9.1 Multi-static Radar System......Page 199 9.9.2 Networks of Radars......Page 202 9.10 First Generation Radar Development......Page 203 9.10.1 Watson-Watt's Chain Home (CH) Radars......Page 204 9.11 Progress in Frame Coils for High Frequency Direction Finders......Page 209 9.13.1 Background of Development of 1.5m Radar Systems......Page 210 9.13.3 Bowen's Work Towards Airborne Radar......Page 211 9.16 World War Begins......Page 213 9.17 Conclusion......Page 214 BookmarkTitle:......Page 215 Index......Page 227