Single Molecule Mechanics on a Surface: Gears, Motors and Nanocars

Description

Written by the leading experts of this field, this book results from the International Symposium on “Single Molecule Machines on a Surface: Gears, Train of Gears, Motors, and Cars” which took place in Toulouse, France on November 24th - 25th, 2021. The different chapters focus on describing the use of single molecule mechanics on a surface and analyze the different steps leading to the design of a single molecule nanocar. The authors present how a single molecule is rotating, how a single molecule gear can participate to a train of molecule gears to propagate motion and how this knowledge is used for the design of nanocars. The way energy is provided to a single molecule and how this energy drives it onto the surface is also analyzed. A large portion of this volume is written by the eight teams selected to participate in the Nanocar Race II event. This book is of great use to graduate students, post-doctoral fellows and researchers who are interested in single molecule mechanics and who want to know more about the fundamentals and applications of this new research field.  Preface Contents Unidirectional Motion of Single Molecules at Surfaces 1 Unidirectionality Caused by Local Gradients 1.1 Rotation 1.2 Translation 2 Intrinsic Unidirectionality 2.1 Rotation 2.2 Translation References DMBI—from n-Type Dopant to Molecular Machines 1 Introduction 2 1,3-Dimethyl-2-Phenyl-2,3-Dihydro-1H-Benzoimidazole (DMBI) as Building Block for Molecular Machinery 3 Varying the Molecular Structure of DMBI 4 Summary References Assembly, Diffusion and Rotation of Organic Molecules on a Gold Surface 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical Method 3 Adsorption of 4-acetylbiphenyl on Au(111) 3.1 Diffusion of a Single Molecule on Au(111) 3.2 Formation of Supramolecular Assemblies 4 Adsorption of DMBI-P on Au(111): Formation of a Unidirectional Molecular-Rotor 5 Conclusions References From Early Prototypes to On-Surface Drivable Single Molecule Nano-vehicles 1 Introduction 2 STM and Controlled Manipulations of Single Objects 3 Evidence of a Lateral Translation Motion on a Surface 3.1 First Nano-vehicle on a Surface 3.2 Translational Motion of a Nano-vehicle 4 Controlled Altitudinal Rotations and Wheel Dimers 4.1 Indirect Evidence of an Altitudinal Rotation 4.2 Direct Evidence of an Altitudinal Rotation 5 Nanocar Race I: Manipulation of Nano-vehicles 5.1 The French Nano-vehicle Engaged in the Race 5.2 The Five Other Nano-vehicles Engaged in the 1st Race 6 A Motorized Nano-vehicle 7 Conclusion References On-Surface Translational Activity of Porphyrin Chromophore Molecules 1 Introduction 2 Molecular Design and Synthesis 3 X-ray Crystallography 4 Scanning Tunneling Microscopy of Prototype Molecules 5 Trajectory of NC5 During Nanocar Race II 6 Concluding Remarks References Controlled Driving of a Single-Molecule Anthracene-Based Nanocar on a Metal Surface 1 Introduction 2 Solution Synthesis of Anthracene-Based Nanocars 3 Preparing of the Race Track 4 Cl-Substituted Anthracene-Based Nanocar 5 CH3-Substituted Anthracene-Based Nanocar 5.1 First Step: Getting off the Line (Lateral Manipulation) 5.2 An Insight: The Importance of the CO-Functionalized Tip 5.3 Second Step: Going Somewhere/Driving Mechanism 6 Conclusions References Azulene Based Nanocars 1 Introduction 2 Moving Azulene-Based Nanostructures on the Au(111) Surface 3 Modifying the Lateral Groups Connected to the Azulene Core 4 Influence of the Cyano Group 5 The Role of the Side Groups 6 Summary and Outlook References Towards a Molecular Mechanical Calculator 1 Introduction 2 Mechanical Calculator Molecular Design on a Stepped Surface 3 A Molecule Gears Train: Experimental on the Terrace of the Pb(111) Surface 4 Experimental Molecular Gearing Effect Across a Monoatomic Step Edge 5 Experimentations on the Carry Propagation 6 Conclusion References Atomistic Modelling of Energy Dissipation in Nanoscale Gears 1 Introduction 2 Simulation Methodology 3 Results 3.1 Diamond Solid-State Gear on Substrates 3.2 Graphene Nanodisk-Molecule Gear Interaction 4 Conclusions and Outlook References Molecular Networks and Surface Engineering for Single Molecule Studies: From Spatial Separation to Emergent Properties 1 Introduction 2 Host–guest Architectures on Surfaces 2.1 Nanoporous Networks 2.2 Host–guest Architectures Formed by TMA 3 Templates for Trapping and Studying Single Molecules 3.1 Porous Networks 3.2 Pre-patterned Surfaces 4 Self-Assembled Networks for Single Molecule Studies and Cooperative Behavior 5 Conclusion References: