Stroboscopy and High-Speed Imaging of the Vocal Function

Description

Stroboscopy and High Speed Imaging of the Vocal Function, Second Edition presents a complete picture of the art and science of stroboscopy. This unique professional resource includes not only comprehensive coverage of the imaging process, but also the disease process that exists in benign lesions, cancer, and neuropathology. Comparisons of normal images with pathologies are included to enhance readers’ diagnostic skills, and the use of stroboscopic images before and after therapy to determine results enhances their clinical skills. The book also covers the entire range of laryngeal imaging for diagnostics, including rigid endoscopy, videostroboscopy, fiberoptic laryngoscopy, and high-speed imaging. Written by a physician who works in a multidisciplinary environment, the book outlines the roles of the otolaryngologist, speech-language pathologist, voice scientist, and singing teacher in the clinical examination. Unparalleled full-color illustrations appear throughout. New to the Second EditionNew chapter on High Speed ImagingUpdated imaging of vocal fold examination techniquesMany added images and illustrations with enhanced figures using video montage.Fully updated to reflect the current research. New references pertaining to topics have been added from search of literature from 2010 to 2020References are placed at the end of the relevant chapters.A PluralPlus companion website with high definition video examples of stroboscopy and high-speed imaging Foreword Preface Acknowledgments Part I. Basic Science and Introduction 1. History of Stroboscopy and High-Speed Imaging of Laryngeal Vibration History of Stroboscopy and High-Speed Video References 2. Principle of Stroboscopy Stroboscopy and Talbot’s Law References 3. Anatomy of the Larynx and Histology of the Vocal Folds Laryngeal Framework and Skeleton Cartilage Hyoid Bone Thyroid Cartilage Cricoid Cartilage Arytenoid Cartilages and Epiglottis Fascia, Ligaments, and Joints of the Larynx Anatomic Regions of the Larynx Muscles of the Larynx Extrinsic Muscles Cricothyroid Muscle Thyroarytenoid Muscle Posterior Cricoarytenoid Muscle Lateral Cricoarytenoid Muscle Interarytenoid Muscle Structure of the Vocal Folds Pathology and the Involvement of the Vocal Fold Layers References 4. Vocal Fold Vibration and Phonatory Physiology Criteria for Normal Vocal Fold Vibration Normal Vibratory Behavior of the Vocal Folds The Glottal Cycle Acoustic and Aerodynamic Interactions With Vocal Fold Vibration The Larynx as DC to AC Airflow Converter Mass Effects on Vocal Fold Vibration Effect of Stiffness on Vocal Fold Vibration Effect of Tension Change on Vocal Fold Vibration References 5. Videokymography and High-Speed Digital Imaging of the Larynx Disadvantages of Videostroboscopy Videokymography High-Speed Video Imaging of Vocal Vibration Normal Onset and Offset of Vocal Fold Oscillation Clinical Application of High-Speed Imaging in Diplophonia References 6. Normal Phonation and Vocal Fold Vibration Dynamic Changes in the Glottal Cycle Gender Differences Age Differences Intensity and Amplitude Modulation Pitch Modulation Intensity Modulation Pitch and Amplitude Modulation Interactions References 7. Abnormal Vocal Fold Vibration Introduction Tension Abnormality Increase in Tension of the Vocal Fold Ligament Stiffness Abnormality Glottal Closure and Level Difference Unilateral Versus Bilateral Effects of Mass, Tension, and Stiffness References 8. Instrument and Clinical Operation Introduction Stroboscope Versus High-Speed Imaging of Vocal Fold Vibration Use of Stroboscopy Documentation Clinical Care in Laryngology and Voice Care Phonation Research Image Processing and Automation References 9. The Clinical Examination Using Videostroboscopy The Examination Room Patient’s and Examiner’s Positions Equipment Considerations The Stroboscope Videos and Cameras Imaging Management Endoscopes: Rigid, Fiberscope, and Videoendoscopes Who Is Doing the Examination and What Is the Stroboscopy Data Being Used For? Otolaryngologist Versus Speech Pathologist Laryngoscopy Versus Phonoscopic Examination References 10. Stroboscopy Setup and Recording Introduction Rigid Endoscopic Examination Performing the Examination Anesthesia for Rigid and Flexible Laryngoscopy Tokens Sampled During the Stroboscopy Examination Avoiding the Pitfalls of Stroboscopy Artifacts References 11. Avoiding Errors During Stroboscopy Recording Artifacts Closure Problems Open Phase Predominates and Errors Related to Their Interpretation Glottic Configuration Abnormalities Phase Shift Findings During the Production of Falsetto References 12. Interpretation of Videostroboscopy Introduction Normal Variations Phase Shifts at Falsetto and Flute Register Are Normal Interpretation of the Stroboscopy Examination Fundamental Frequency Periodicity of the Vocal Fold Oscillation Phase of Vocal Closure During Modal “ee” Phonation Phase Symmetry Configuration of Glottic Closure Vocal Fold Edge Amplitude Mucosal Wave Nonvibrating Segment Synthesis of the Clinical Voice Disorder References Part II. Laryngeal Disorders 13. Laryngeal Inflammation Acute Inflammation Chronic Laryngitis Radiation Laryngitis Reflux Laryngitis: Acute and Chronic Candida Laryngitis References 14. Granulomatous Diseases of the Larynx Granulomatous Laryngitis Rheumatoid Nodules and Autoimmune Deposits of the Larynx References 15. Granulation and Contact Granuloma Contact Ulcer, Granulation Tissue, and Intubation Granuloma Pathophysiology/Histology Risk Factors and Populations Physical Examination Differential Diagnosis Treatment and Management References 16. Laryngeal Trauma Introduction Arytenoid Dislocation Laryngeal Stenosis References 17. Vocal Fold Scar Introduction Rehabilitation Strategies for Vocal Fold Scar Prevention of Vocal Fold Scar Surgical Treatment in the Management of Scar References 18. Benign Mucosal Lesions Introduction Nodules Polyps Hemorrhagic Polyps Polypoid Corditis/Reinke’s Edema Laryngeal Edema Cysts Pseudocyst and Fibrovascular Lesion Microwebs Vascular Ectasia Acute Vocal Fold Hemorrhage Sulcus Vocalis Mucosal Bridge References 19. Premalignant Lesions and Lesions of Uncertain Behavior References 20. Malignant Neoplasms of the Larynx References 21. The Aging Voice References 22. Benign Tumors and Nonneoplastic Masses of the Larynx Laryngeal Papillomas Verrucous Lesions of the Larynx Other Reactive Lesions Internal and External Laryngoceles, Saccular Cysts References 23. Vocal Fold Paralysis and Vocal Fold Paresis Introduction Signs and Symptoms Voice Quality of Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis and Paralysis Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Paralysis and Paresis Paralysis Versus Paresis Role of Stroboscopy in Treatment Planning for Vocal Fold Paralysis and Paresis Superior Laryngeal Nerve Paralysis Combined Laryngeal Nerve Paralysis Vocal Fold Paresis References 24. Irritable Larynx Syndrome References 25. Neurogenic Dysphonia Spasmodic Dysphonia Vocal Tremor Neurogenic Diseases References 26. Functional Dysphonia and Muscle Tension Dysphonia References 27. Stroboscopy in the Management of Phonosurgery Introduction Preoperative Analysis of the Lesion Before Surgery Intraoperative Use of Videostroboscopy Postoperative Use of Stroboscopy in Analyzing Phonosurgery Results References Index