Surgical Management of Maxillofacial Fractures

Description

The facial skeleton is comprised of vertical and horizontal buttresses and the intersections they create; maxillofacial fractures occur when these buttresses sustain more force than they can withstand. The objective when managing these fractures is to reverse the damage that these buttresses sustained and restore appropriate facial dimensions. Not all fractures propagate in the same pattern, so surgeons must compartmentalize the face and define the character of the individual bones. This book approaches the face one bone at a time, outlining how to evaluate each type of fracture, the indications for surgery, the surgical management, and any complications. Specific protocols for clinical, radiographic, and CT assessment are included, as well as step-by-step approaches for surgical access and internal reduction and fixation. Isolated fractures are rare with maxillofacial trauma, and the author discusses how to sequence treatment for concomitant fractures to ensure the most successful outcome. This book is a must-have for any surgeon managing maxillofacial fractures. 254 illustrations Contents 1. Introduction to Facial Architecture 2. Frontal Sinus Fractures 3. NOE Fractures 4. ZMC Fractures 5. Orbital Fractures 6. Le Fort Fractures 7. Approaches to the Midface 8. Mandibular Fractures 9. Concomitant Fractures and the Panfacial Fracture Sawatari_Frontmatter Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Contents Foreword Preface Chapter 1: Introduction to Facial Architecture Clinical Examination Radiographic Examination Treatment Plan Fixation Postoperative Assessment CT Assessment Complications Chapter 2: Frontal Sinus Fractures Evaluation of the Frontal Sinus Indications for Surgery Management of the Frontal Sinus Follow-Up Complications of Frontal Sinus Fractures References Chapter 3: NOE Fractures Evaluation of the NOE Fracture Indications for Surgery Management of the NOE Fracture Complications of NOE Fractures Reference Chapter 4: ZMC Fractures Evaluation of the ZMC Indications for Surgery Management of the ZMC Fracture Complications of ZMC Fractures Revision References Chapter 5: Orbital Fractures (with contributions from Hisham A. Marwan, dds) Surgical Anatomy Orbital Floor Fracture Evaluation of the Orbital Floor Fracture Indications for Surgery Management of the Orbital Floor Fracture Complications Medial Orbital Wall Fracture Evaluation of the Orbital Wall Fracture Indications for Surgery Management of the Orbital Wall Fracture Complications References Chapter 6: Le Fort Fractures (with contributions from Hisham A. Marwan, dds) Classification Evaluation of the Le Fort Fracture Management of the Le Fort Fracture Complications of Le FortFractures Suggested Reading Chapter 7: Approaches to the Midface Lateral Brow Approach Blepharoplasty Approach Intraoral Le Fort/Vestibular Approach Transconjunctival Approach Subciliary Approach/Subtarsal Approach Infraorbital Approach Coronal Approach Lynch Approach Gull Wing Approach Chapter 8: Mandibular Fractures (with contributions from Hisham A. Marwan, dds; John Gannon, dds; and Daniel Winokur, dmd) Anatomy Evaluation of the Mandibular Fracture Surgical Planning Intermaxillary Fixation Mandibular Symphysis/Parasymphysis Fractures Mandibular Body Fractures Mandibular Angle Fractures Condylar and Subcondylar Fractures Complications of Mandibular Fractures References Chapter 9: Concomitant Fractures and the Panfacial Fracture Concomitant Fractures Frontal and Midface Fractures ZMC and NOE Fractures Le Fort 1 and ZMC Fractures Le Fort 1 and NOE Fractures (Le Fort 2) Le Fort 1, NOE, and ZMCFractures (Le Fort 3) The Panfacial Fracture Evaluation of the Panfacial Fracture Management of the Panfacial Fracture Complications of the Panfacial Fracture Index