Reaction Kinetics Based on Time-Energy Uncertainty Principle

Description

This book proposes a completely unique reaction kinetics theory based on the uncertainty principle of quantum mechanics; the physical viewpoint and mathematical details for the theory construction are explained, and abundant applications of the theory mainly in materials science are described. The theory argues that physical systems on reaction are in a quantum-mechanically uncertain state, and that such systems will transition to new states after a finite duration time. Based on this theory, if the magnitude of the energy uncertainty, i.e., energy fluctuation of the system on reaction can be determined, we can calculate the reaction rates not only for the thermal activation processes but also for the non-thermal activation process such as mechanical, optical, electromagnetic, or other actions. Therefore, researchers or engineers who are involved in fields such as the discovery of new chemical substances, development of materials, innovation of manufacturing processes, and also everyone purely interested in kinetic methodology find this book very stimulating and motivating.  Translators’ Preface References Preface to the English Version Preface to the Original Japanese Version Contents About the Author and His Bibliography Part I Basis for Construction of Our Reaction Kinetics 1 What is Reaction Kinetics as a Scientific Cognition?—Toward Innovating Conventional Reaction Kinetics 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Hierarchical and Historical Development of World—Our Cognition 1.3 Scientific Cognition—Axioms of Objectivity and Criteria of Truthfulness 1.4 Progress and Innovation in Scientific Cognition 1.5 Reconstruction of World in Terms of Our Concepts 1.6 Science and Mathematics 1.7 Hierarchy and Conservation Laws 1.8 Reaction Kinetics and Description Systems 1.8.1 Logic of Quantum Mechanics 1.8.2 Logic of Classical Mechanics 1.8.3 Logic of Thermodynamics 1.8.4 Quantum Mechanics, Classical Mechanics, and Thermodynamics—Statistical Physics 1.8.5 Quantum and Classical Phenomena—Criteria of Distinction 1.8.6 Classical and Quantum Fluctuations—Criteria of Distinction 1.8.7 Certainty and Uncertainty—Distinction and Combination 1.8.8 “Micro” and “Macro”—Connecting Factors 1.8.9 Stationarity and Equilibrium 1.8.10 Reversibility and Irreversibility 1.8.11 Continuity and Discontinuity 1.8.12 Classification of Physical Quantities References 2 Critique of the “Theory of Rate Processes” 2.1 Critique of the Absolute Reaction Kinetics 2.1.1 Application Fields of the Absolute Reaction Kinetics cf. [1, pp. 1–2] 2.1.2 Assumption of Definiteness in Energy cf. [1, pp. 2–5, pp. 62–84, pp. 91–93] 2.1.3 Fundamental Laws Predicting Directionality of Irreversible Change cf. [1, pp. 185–187] 2.1.4 Assumption of Equilibrium in Transition State cf. [1, pp. 13–14, pp. 100–107, p. 185] 2.1.5 Problems Related to Hierarchy in Cognition 2.1.6 Problems on Theoretical Consistency as Science 2.2 Critique of Nucleation Theory 2.2.1 Basic Features in Concept of Nucleation in Precipitation 2.2.2 Problems of Nucleation Theory References Part II Formulation of Our Reaction Kinetics 3 Physical Formulation of Our Theory 3.1 Two Approaches Related to Transition States 3.1.1 Particles Traveling Through a Square Potential 3.1.2 Perturbation and Uncertainty State 3.1.3 Transition State: Characteristics and Related Problems 3.2 Adoption of New Principle; Uncertainty Relation 3.2.1 Transition State and Uncertainty Relation 3.2.2 Application of Uncertainty Principle Δt cdotΔE .5-.5.5-.5.5-.5.5-.5hbar to Our Reaction Kinetics References 4 Mathematical Formulation of Our Theory 4.1 Uncertainty Relation 4.1.1 Duality of Matter and Two Uncertainty Relations 4.1.2 Absence of Fluctuation and Eigenvalue Equations 4.1.3 Wave Packet and Uncertainty Relation Δt cdotΔE .5-.5.5-.5.5-.5.5-.5hbar 4.2 Thermal Activation in Phase Transformations and Chemical Reactions 4.2.1 Interpretation of Thermal Activation Based on Uncertainty Relation, Δt cdotΔE .5-.5.5-.5.5-.5.5-.5hbar 4.2.2 Lifetime and Reaction Rate 4.2.3 Derivation of Arrhenius Equation 4.2.4 Critique of Concept of Thermal Activation and Arrhenius Equation References Part III Application and Characteristics of Our Reaction Kinetics 5 Application of Our Reaction Kinetics to Simple Systems 5.1 Diffusion 5.2 Melting and Boiling of Metals 5.3 Generalization of Johnson-Mehl Equation and Application 5.4 Graphitization of Cementite by Impact Deformation 5.5 Further Applications References 6 Characteristics of Our Reaction Kinetics 6.1 Comparison with Conventional Theories 6.1.1 Scope of Reaction Kinetics 6.1.2 Assumption of Definiteness in Energy 6.1.3 Fundamental Laws Giving Directionality of Change 6.1.4 Equilibrium Assumption in Transition States 6.1.5 Problems About Hierarchical Perspective 6.1.6 Problems as Theoretical System 6.1.7 Criteria of Theoretical Transformation 6.2 Worldview of Our Reaction Kinetics—Dialectical Worldview References Postscript