Lewis's Medical-Surgical Nursing E-Book: Assessment and Management of Clinical Problems

Description

Get a unique, conceptual approach to nursing care in this rapidly changing healthcare environment. Lewis’s Medical-Surgical Nursing, 11th Edition gives you a solid foundation in medical-surgical nursing. This thoroughly revised text includes a more conversational writing style, an increased focus on nursing concepts and clinical trends, strong evidence-based content, and an essential pathophysiology review. Content covers all aspects of nursing care including health promotion, acute intervention, and ambulatory care. Helpful boxes and tables make it easy for you to find essential information, and a building-block approach makes even the most complex concepts simple to grasp. Key topics such as interprofessional care, delegation, safety, and prioritization are integrated throughout. Additionally, extensive drug therapy information and diagnostic studies tables give you a full picture of care. Best of all — a complete collection of learning and study resources helps you learn more effectively and offers valuable, real-world preparation for clinical practice. Title page Disclaimer Table of Contents Copyright About the Authors Contributors Authors of Teaching and Learning Resources Reviewers Dedication Preface Concepts Exemplars Special Features Section One. Concepts in Nursing Practice 1. Professional Nursing Conceptual Focus Professional Nursing Practice Influences on Professional Nursing Practice Patient-Centered Care Teamwork and Collaboration Safety Quality Improvement Informatics Evidence-Based Practice 2. Health Equity and Culturally Competent Care Conceptual Focus Determinants of Health Health Disparities and Health Equity Culture Cultural Competence Cultural Diversity in the Health Care Workplace Cultural Factors Affecting Health and Health Care Nursing Management: Promoting Health Equity and Increasing Cultural Competency 3. Health History and Physical Examination Conceptual Focus Data Collection Nursing History: Subjective Data Physical Examination: Objective Data Types of Assessment Problem Identification 4. Patient and Caregiver Teaching Conceptual Focus Role of Patient and Caregiver Teaching Teaching-Learning Process Process of Patient Teaching 5. Chronic Illness and Older Adults Conceptual Focus Chronic Illness Nursing Management: Chronic Illness Older Adults Attitudes Toward Aging Biologic Aging Age-Related Physiologic Changes Special Older Adult Populations Social Support for Older Adults Social Services for Older Adults Medicare and Medicaid Care Alternatives for Older Adults Legal and Ethical Issues Nursing Management: Older Adults Section Two. Problems Related to Comfort and Coping 6. Stress Management Conceptual Focus What is Stress? Physiologic Response to Stress Mind-Body-Spirit Connection Effects of Stress on Health Coping Strategies Relaxation Strategies Nursing Management: Stress 7. Sleep and Sleep Disorders Conceptual Focus Sleep Physiologic Sleep Mechanisms Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Disturbances Sleep Disturbances in the Hospital Sleep Disorders Nursing Management: Insomnia Obstructive Sleep Apnea Nursing and Interprofessional Management: Sleep Apnea Periodic Limb Movement Disorder Circadian Rhythm Disorders Narcolepsy Parasomnias Special Sleep Needs of Nurses 8. Pain Conceptual Focus Magnitude of Pain Problem Definitions and Dimensions of Pain Classification of Pain Pain Assessment Pain Treatment Nursing and Interprofessional Management: Pain Institutionalizing Pain Education and Management Ethical Issues in Pain Management Managing Pain in Special Populations 9. Palliative and End-of-Life Care Conceptual Focus Palliative Care Hospice Care Death End-of-Life Care Legal and Ethical Issues Affecting End-of-Life Care Nursing Management: End of Life Special Needs of Caregivers and Nurses in End-of-Life Care 10. Substance Use Disorders Conceptual Focus Drugs Associated with Substance Use Disorder Nursing and Interprofessional Management: Tobacco Use Disorder Alcohol Nursing and Interprofessional Management: Alcohol Use Disorder Use of Other Substances Nursing and Interprofessional Management: Stimulant Use Depressants Nursing and Interprofessional Management: Depressant Use Inhalants Cannabis Caffeine Nursing Management: Substance Use Section Three. Problems Related to Homeostasis and Protection 11. Inflammation and Healing Conceptual Focus Inflammatory Response Nursing and Interprofessional Management: Inflammation Healing Process Nursing and Interprofessional Management: Wound Healing Pressure Injuries Nursing and Interprofessional Management: Pressure Injuries 12. Genetics Conceptual Focus Genetics and Genomics Genetic Disorders Genetic Screening and Testing Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacogenetics Gene Therapy Stem Cell Therapy Nursing Management: Genetics and Genomics 13. Immune Responses and Transplantation Conceptual Focus Normal Immune Response Altered Immune Response Allergic Disorders Nursing Management: Immunotherapy Nursing and Interprofessional Management: Latex Allergies Autoimmunity Immunodeficiency Disorders Human Leukocyte Antigen System Organ Transplantation Graft-Versus-Host Disease 14. Infection Conceptual Focus Infections Types of Pathogens Emerging Infections Health Care–Associated Infections Infection Prevention and Control Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Nursing Management: HIV Infection 15. Cancer Conceptual Focus Biology of Cancer Benign Versus Malignant Neoplasms Classification of Cancer Prevention and Early Detection of Cancer Interprofessional Care Surgical Therapy Chemotherapy Radiation Therapy Nursing Management: Chemotherapy and Radiation Therapy Late Effects of Radiation and Chemotherapy Immunotherapy and Targeted Therapy Nursing Management: Immunotherapy and Targeted Therapy Hormone Therapy Hematopoietic Growth Factors Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Gene Therapy Complications of Cancer Nutritional Problems Infection Oncologic Emergencies Cancer Pain Coping with Cancer and Treatment Cancer Survivorship 16. Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Imbalances Conceptual Focus Homeostasis Water Content of the Body Electrolytes Mechanisms Controlling Fluid and Electrolyte Movement Fluid Movement in Capillaries Fluid Spacing Regulation of Water Balance Fluid Volume Imbalances Fluid Volume Deficit Fluid Volume Excess Nursing Management: Fluid Volume Imbalances Sodium Imbalances Hypernatremia Nursing and Interprofessional Management: Hypernatremia Hyponatremia Nursing and Interprofessional Management: Hyponatremia Potassium Imbalances Hyperkalemia Nursing and Interprofessional Management: Hyperkalemia Hypokalemia Nursing and Interprofessional Management: Hypokalemia Calcium Imbalances Hypercalcemia Nursing and Interprofessional Management: Hypercalcemia Hypocalcemia Nursing and Interprofessional Management: Hypocalcemia Phosphate Imbalances Hyperphosphatemia Hypophosphatemia Magnesium Imbalances Hypermagnesemia Hypomagnesemia Acid-Base Imbalances pH And Hydrogen ION Concentration Acid-Base Regulation Alterations in Acid-Base Balance Clinical Manifestations of Acid-Base Imbalances Assessment of Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Imbalances Oral Fluid and Electrolyte Replacement IV. Fluid and Electrolyte Replacement Central Venous Access Devices Nursing Management: Central Venous Access Devices Section Four. Perioperative Care 17. Preoperative Care Conceptual Focus Surgical Settings Patient Interview Nursing Assessment of Preoperative Patient Nursing Management: Preoperative Patient 18. Intraoperative Care Conceptual Focus Physical Environment of the Operating Room Surgical Team Nursing Management: Patient Before Surgery Nursing Management: Patient During Surgery Nursing Management: Patient After Surgery Anesthesia Anesthesia Techniques Perioperative Crisis Events 19. Postoperative Care Conceptual Focus Postoperative Care of Surgical Patient Respiratory Problems Nursing Management: Respiratory Problems Cardiovascular Problems Nursing Management: Cardiovascular Problems Neurologic and Psychologic Problems Nursing Management: Neurologic and Psychologic Problems Pain and Discomfort Nursing Management: Pain Temperature Changes Nursing Management: Temperature Changes Gastrointestinal Problems Nursing Management: Gastrointestinal Problems Urinary Problems Nursing Management: Urinary Problems Integumentary Problems Nursing Management: Surgical Wounds Discharge from The Pacu Ambulatory Surgery Section Five. Problems Related to Altered Sensory Input 20. Assessment and Management: Visual Problems Conceptual Focus Visual System Structures and Functions of Visual System Visual Pathway Assessment of Visual System Diagnostic Studies of Visual System Visual Problems Visual Impairment Nursing Management: Visual Impairment Eye Trauma Extraocular Disorders Nursing Management: Inflammation and Infection Dry Eye Disorders Strabismus Corneal Disorders Intraocular Disorders Nursing Management: Cataracts Retinopathy Retinal Detachment Age-Related Macular Degeneration Glaucoma Nursing Management: Glaucoma Intraocular Inflammation and Infection Ocular Tumors Enucleation Ocular Manifestations of Systemic Diseases 21. Assessment and Management: Auditory Problems Conceptual Focus Auditory System Structures and Functions of Auditory System Assessment of Auditory System Diagnostic Studies of Auditory System Auditory Problems: External Ear and Canal Nursing and Interprofessional Management: External Otitis Cerumen and Foreign Bodies in External Ear Canal Trauma Malignancy of External Ear Middle Ear and Mastoid Nursing and Interprofessional Management: Chronic Otitis Media Otosclerosis Inner Ear Problems Ménière’s Disease Nursing and Interprofessional Management: Ménière’s Disease Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo Acoustic Neuroma Hearing Loss and Deafness Nursing and Interprofessional Management: Hearing Loss and Deafness 22. Assessment: Integumentary System Conceptual Focus Structures and Functions of Skin and Appendages Assessment of Integumentary System Diagnostic Studies of Integumentary System 23. Integumentary Problems Conceptual Focus Environmental Hazards Skin Cancer Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer Melanoma Skin Infections and Infestations Allergic Skin Problems Benign Skin Problems Interprofessional Care: Skin Problems Nursing Management: Skin Problems Cosmetic Procedures Nursing Management: Cosmetic Surgery Skin Grafts 24. Burns Conceptual Focus Types of Burn Injury Classification of Burn Injury Prehospital and Emergency Care Phases of Burn Management Emergent Phase Nursing and Interprofessional Management: Emergent Phase Acute Phase Nursing and Interprofessional Management: Acute Phase Rehabilitation Phase Nursing and Interprofessional Management: Rehabilitation Phase Emotional/Psychologic Needs of Patients and Caregivers Special Needs of Nurses Section Six. Problems of Oxygenation: Ventilation 25. Assessment: Respiratory System Conceptual Focus Structures and Functions of Respiratory System Assessment of Respiratory System Diagnostic Studies of Respiratory System 26. Upper Respiratory Problems Conceptual Focus Problems Of Nose And Paranasal Sinuses Nasal Fracture Rhinoplasty Nursing Management: Nasal Surgery Epistaxis Allergic Rhinitis Acute Viral Rhinopharyngitis Influenza Sinusitis Obstruction of Nose and Sinuses Problems of Pharynx Peritonsillar Abscess Problems of Larynx and Trachea Acute Laryngitis Airway Obstruction Tracheostomy Nursing Management: Tracheostomy Head and Neck Cancer Nursing Management: Head and Neck Cancer 27. Lower Respiratory Problems Conceptual Focus Lower Respiratory Tract Infections Acute Bronchitis Pertussis Pneumonia Nursing Management: Pneumonia Tuberculosis Nursing Management: Tuberculosis Atypical Mycobacteria Pulmonary Fungal Infections Lung Abscess Environmental Lung Diseases Lung Cancer Nursing Management: Lung Cancer Other Types of Lung Tumors Chest Trauma and Thoracic Injuries Fractured Ribs Flail Chest Pneumothorax Chest Tubes and Pleural Drainage Nursing Management: Chest Drainage Chest Surgery Restrictive Respiratory Disorders Atelectasis Pleurisy Pleural Effusion Interstitial Lung Diseases Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Sarcoidosis Vascular Lung Disorders Pulmonary Embolism Nursing Management: Pulmonary Embolism Pulmonary Hypertension Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Secondary Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Cor Pulmonale Lung Transplantation 28. Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases Cenceptual Focus Asthma Nursing Management: Asthma Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Nursing Management: COPD Cystic Fibrosis Nursing Management: Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis Interprofessional and Nursing Management: Bronchiectasis Section Seven. Problems of Oxygenation: Transport 29. Assessment: Hematologic System Conceptual Focus Structures and Functions of Hematologic System Assessment of Hematologic System Diagnostic Studies of Hematologic System 30. Hematologic Problems Conceptual Focus Anemia Nursing and Interprofessional Management: Anemia Anemia Caused by Decreased Erythrocyte Production Iron-Deficiency Anemia Thalassemia Megaloblastic Anemias Anemia of Chronic Disease Aplastic Anemia Anemia Caused by Blood Loss Acute Blood Loss Chronic Blood Loss Anemia Caused by Increased Erythrocyte Destruction Sickle Cell Disease Acquired Hemolytic Anemia Other Red Blood Cell Disorders Polycythemia Problems Of Hemostasis Thrombocytopenia Nursing Management: Thrombocytopenia Hemophilia and Von Willebrand Disease Nursing Management: Hemophilia Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation Nursing Management: Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation Neutropenia Myelodysplastic Syndrome Leukemia Nursing Management: Leukemia Lymphomas Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Multiple Myeloma Disorders of the Spleen Blood Component Therapy Section Eight. Problems of Oxygenation: Perfusion 31. Assessment: Cardiovascular System Conceptual Focus Structures and Functions of Cardiovascular System Assessment of Cardiovascular System Diagnostic Studies of Cardiovascular System 32. Hypertension Conceptual Focus Normal Regulation of Blood Pressure Hypertension Nursing Management: Primary Hypertension Hypertensive Crisis 33. Coronary Artery Disease and Acute Coronary Syndrome Conceptual Focus Coronary Artery Disease Interprofessional and Nursing Care: Coronary Artery Disease Chronic Stable Angina Interprofessional and Nursing Care: Chronic Stable Angina Acute Coronary Syndrome Unstable Angina Myocardial Infarction: St-Elevation and Non–St-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Diagnostic Studies: Acute Coronary Syndrome Interprofessional Care: Acute Coronary Syndrome Nursing Management: Acute Coronary Syndrome Sudden Cardiac Death 34. Heart Failure Conceptual Focus Heart Failure Nursing Management: Heart Failure Heart Transplantation 35. Dysrhythmias Conceptual Focus Rhythm Identification and Treatment Syncope 36. Inflammatory and Structural Heart Disorders Conceptual Focus Inflammatory Disorders of Heart Nursing Management: Infective Endocarditis Acute Pericarditis Nursing Management: Acute Pericarditis Chronic Constrictive Pericarditis Myocarditis Nursing Management: Myocarditis Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease Nursing Management: Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease Valvular Heart Disease Mitral Valve Stenosis Mitral Valve Regurgitation Mitral Valve Prolapse Aortic Valve Stenosis Aortic Valve Regurgitation Tricuspid and Pulmonic Valve Disease Diagnostic Studies: Valvular Heart Disease Interprofessional Care: Valvular Heart Disease Nursing Management: Valvular Disorders Cardiomyopathy Dilated Cardiomyopathy Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Restrictive Cardiomyopathy 37. Vascular Disorders Conceptual Focus Peripheral Artery Disease Peripheral Artery Disease of The Lower Extremities Nursing Management: Lower Extremity Peripheral Artery Disease Acute Arterial Ischemic Disorders Thromboangiitis Obliterans Raynaud’s Phenomenon Aortic Aneurysms Nursing Management: Aortic Aneurysms Aortic Dissection Nursing Management: Aortic Dissection Acute and Chronic Venous Disorders Venous Thrombosis Nursing Management: Venous Thromboembolism Varicose Veins Nursing Management: Varicose Veins Chronic Venous Insufficiency and Venous Leg Ulcers Section Nine. Problems of Ingestion, Digestion, Absorption, and Elimination 38. Assessment: Gastrointestinal System Conceptual Focus Structures and Functions of Gastrointestinal System Assessment of Gastrointestinal System Diagnostic Studies of Gastrointestinal System 39. Nutritional Problems Conceptual Focus Nutritional Problems Normal Nutrition Vegetarian Diet Malnutrition Nursing and Interprofessional Management: Malnutrition Specialized Nutritional Support Nursing Management: Parenteral Nutrition Eating Disorders Bulimia Nervosa 40. Obesity Conceptual Focus Obesity Health Risks Associated with Obesity Nursing and Interprofessional Management: Obesity Bariatric Surgical Therapy Nursing Management: Perioperative Care of The Obese Patient Cosmetic Surgical Therapy Metabolic Syndrome Nursing and Interprofessional Management: Metabolic Syndrome 41. Upper Gastrointestinal Problems Conceptual Focus Nausea and Vomiting Nursing Management: Nausea and Vomiting Oral Inflammation and Infections Oral Cancer Nursing Management: Oral Cancer Esophageal Disorders Nursing and Interprofessional Management: GERD Hiatal Hernia Nursing and Interprofessional Management: Hiatal Hernia Esophageal Cancer Nursing Management: Esophageal Cancer Other Esophageal Disorders Disorders of the Stomach and Upper Small Intestine Nursing Management: Peptic Ulcer Disease Stomach Cancer Nursing Management: Stomach Cancer Gastric Surgery Nursing Management: Gastric Surgery Gastritis Nursing and Interprofessional Management: Gastritis Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding Nursing Management: Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding Foodborne Illness 42. Lower Gastrointestinal Problems Conceptual Focus Diarrhea Nursing Management: Acute Infectious Diarrhea Fecal Incontinence Nursing Management: Fecal Incontinence Constipation Nursing Management: Constipation Acute Abdominal Pain and Laparotomy Nursing Management: Acute Abdominal Pain Abdominal Trauma Chronic Abdominal Pain Irritable Bowel Syndrome Inflammatory Disorders Nursing Management: Appendicitis Peritonitis Nursing Management: Peritonitis Gastroenteritis Inflammatory Bowel Disease Nursing Management: Inflammatory Bowel Disease Intestinal Obstruction Nursing Management: Intestinal Obstruction Polyps of Large Intestine Colorectal Cancer Nursing Management: Colorectal Cancer Bowel Resection and Ostomy Surgery Nursing Management: Bowel Resection and Ostomy Surgery Diverticulosis and Diverticulitis Fistulas Hernias Malabsorption Syndrome Celiac Disease Lactase Deficiency Short Bowel Syndrome Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors Anorectal Problems Nursing Management: Hemorrhoids Anal Fissure Anorectal Abscess Anal Fistula Anal Cancer Pilonidal Sinus 43. Liver, Biliary Tract, and Pancreas Problems Conceptual Focus Disorders of The Liver Nursing Management: Viral Hepatitis Drug- and Chemical-Induced Liver Diseases Autoimmune, Genetic, and Metabolic Liver Diseases Cirrhosis Nursing Management: Cirrhosis Acute Liver Failure Liver Cancer Liver Transplantation Disorders of The Pancreas Nursing Management: Acute Pancreatitis Chronic Pancreatitis Pancreatic Cancer Nursing Management: Pancreatic Cancer Disorders of The Biliary Tract Nursing Management: Gallbladder Disease Gallbladder Cancer Section Ten. Problems of Urinary Function 44. Assessment: Urinary System Conceptual Focus Structures and Functions of Urinary System Assessment of Urinary System Diagnostic Studies of Urinary System 45. Renal and Urologic Problems Infectious and Inflammatory Disorders of Urinary System Nursing Management: Urinary Tract Infection Acute Pyelonephritis Nursing Management: Acute Pyelonephritis Chronic Pyelonephritis Urethritis Urethral Diverticula Interstitial Cystitis/Painful Bladder Syndrome Nursing Management: Interstitial Cystitis/Painful Bladder Syndrome Genitourinary Tuberculosis Immunologic Disorders of Kidney Nursing and Interprofessional Management: Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis Nephrotic Syndrome Obstructive Uropathies Urinary Tract Calculi Nursing Management: Urinary Tract Calculi Strictures Renal Trauma Renal Vascular Problems Nephrosclerosis Renal Artery Stenosis Renal Vein Thrombosis Hereditary Kidney Diseases Polycystic Kidney Disease Medullary Cystic Disease Alport Syndrome Urinary Tract Tumors Bladder Cancer Nursing and Interprofessional Management: Bladder Cancer Bladder Dysfunction Nursing Management: Urinary Incontinence Urinary Retention Nursing Management: Urinary Retention Catheterization Catheter Construction Types of Catheters Surgery of the Urinary Tract Urinary Diversion Nursing Management: Urinary Diversion 46. Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease Conceptual Focus Acute Kidney Injury Nursing Management: Acute Kidney Injury Chronic Kidney Disease Nursing Management: Chronic Kidney Disease Dialysis Peritoneal Dialysis Hemodialysis Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy Wearable Artificial Kidney Kidney Transplantation Nursing Management: Kidney Transplant Recipient Section Eleven. Problems Related to Regulatory and Reproductive Mechanisms 47. Assessment: Endocrine System Conceptual Focus Structures and Functions of Endocrine System Assessment of Endocrine System Diagnostic Studies of Endocrine System 48. Diabetes Mellitus Conceptual Focus Diabetes Mellitus Nursing Management: Diabetes Acute Complications of Diabetes Diabetic Ketoacidosis Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemia Syndrome Nursing Management: Diabetes-Related Ketoacidosis and Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemia Syndrome Hypoglycemia Nursing and Interprofessional Management: Hypoglycemia Chronic Complications Associated with Diabetes Retinopathy Nephropathy Neuropathy Complications of Feet and Lower Extremities Skin Complications Infection Psychologic Considerations 49. Endocrine Problems Disorders of Anterior Pituitary Gland Acromegaly Interprofessional and Nursing Care Excesses of Other Tropic Hormones Hypofunction of Pituitary Gland Interprofessional and Nursing Care Pituitary Surgery Nursing Management: Pituitary Surgery Disorders of Posterior Pituitary Gland Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Interprofessional and Nursing Care Diabetes Insipidus Interprofessional and Nursing Care Disorders of Thyroid Gland Goiter Thyroiditis Hyperthyroidism Nursing Management: Hyperthyroidism Hypothyroidism Nursing Management: Hypothyroidism Thyroid Nodules and Cancer Interprofessional and Nursing Care Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Disorders of Parathyroid Glands Nursing Management: Hyperparathyroidism Hypoparathyroidism Interprofessional and Nursing Care Disorders of Adrenal Cortex Cushing Syndrome Nursing Management: Cushing Syndrome Adrenocortical Insufficiency Interprofessional and Nursing Care Corticosteroid Therapy Hyperaldosteronism Interprofessional and Nursing Care Disorders of Adrenal Medulla Interprofessional and Nursing Care 50. Assessment: Reproductive System Conceptual Focus Structures and Functions of Male and Female Reproductive Systems Assessment of Male and Female Reproductive Systems Diagnostic Studies of Reproductive Systems 51. Breast Disorders Conceptual Focus Assessment of Breast Disorders Benign Breast Disorders Breast Infections Fibrocystic Changes Fibroadenoma Nipple Discharge Atypical Hyperplasia Intraductal Papilloma Ductal Ectasia Male Gynecomastia Breast Cancer Nursing Management: Breast Cancer Mammoplasty Nursing Management: Breast Augmentation and Reduction 52. Sexually Transmitted Infections Conceptual Focus Factors Affecting Incidence of Stis STIs Characterized by Discharge, Cervicitis, or Urethritis Gonococcal Infections Trichomoniasis STIs Characterized by Genital Lesions or Ulcers Genital Warts Syphilis Nursing Management: STIs 53. Female Reproductive Problems Conceptual Focus Infertility Early Pregnancy Loss Problems Related to Menstruation Premenstrual Syndrome Nursing Management: Premenstrual Syndrome Dysmenorrhea Abnormal Uterine Bleeding Nursing Management: Abnormal Uterine Bleeding Ectopic Pregnancy Perimenopause and Postmenopause Nursing Management: Perimenopause and Postmenopause Infections of Lower Genital Tract Nursing Management: Infections of Lower Genital Tract Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (Pid) Nursing Management: Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Chronic Pelvic Pain Endometriosis Benign Tumors of the Female Reproductive System Ovarian Cysts Cervical Polyps Cancers of the Female Reproductive System Endometrial Cancer Ovarian Cancer Vaginal Cancer Vulvar Cancer Nursing and Interprofessional Management: Cancers of Female Reproductive System Pelvic Organ Prolapse Uterine Prolapse Cystocele and Rectocele Nursing and Interprofessional Management: Pelvic Organ Prolapse Fistula Sexual Assault Nursing Management: Sexual Assault 54. Male Reproductive Problems Conceptual Focus Problems of the Prostate Gland Nursing Management: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Prostate Cancer Nursing Management: Prostate Cancer Prostatitis Problems of the Penis Congenital Problems Problems of Prepuce Problems of Erectile Mechanism Cancer of Penis Problems of Scrotum and Testes Inflammatory and Infectious Problems Congenital Problems Acquired Problems Testicular Cancer Sexual Function Erectile Dysfunction Hypogonadism Infertility Section Twelve. Problems Related to Movement and Coordination 55. Assessment: Nervous System Conceptual Focus Structures and Functions of Nervous System Assessment of Nervous System Diagnostic Studies of Nervous System 56. Acute Intracranial Problems Conceptual Focus Intracranial Regulation Increased Intracranial Pressure Nursing Management: Increased Intracranial Pressure Head Injury Nursing Management: Head Injury Brain Tumors Nursing Management: Brain Tumors Cranial Surgery Nursing Management: Cranial Surgery Inflammatory Conditions of the Brain Bacterial Meningitis Nursing Management: Bacterial Meningitis Viral Meningitis Brain Abscess Encephalitis 57. Stroke Conceptual Focus Pathophysiology of Stroke Risk Factors for Stroke Types of Stroke Clinical Manifestations of Stroke Diagnostic Studies for Stroke Interprofessional Care for Stroke Nursing Management: Stroke 58. Chronic Neurologic Problems Conceptual Focus Headaches Tension-Type Headache Migraine Headache Cluster Headache Other Types of Headaches Interprofessional Care for Headaches Nursing Management: Headaches Chronic Neurologic Disorders Nursing Management: Seizure Disorder Restless Legs Syndrome Interprofessional and Nursing Care Degenerative Neurologic Disorders Nursing Management: Multiple Sclerosis Parkinson’s Disease Nursing Management: Parkinson’s Disease Myasthenia Gravis Nursing Management: Myasthenia Gravis Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Huntington’s Disease 59. Dementia and Delirium Conceptual Focus Dementia Alzheimer’s Disease Nursing Management: Alzheimer’s Disease Delirium Nursing and Interprofessional Management: Delirium 60. Spinal Cord and Peripheral Nerve Problems Conceptual Focus Spinal Cord Problems Nursing Management: Spinal Cord Injury Spinal Cord Tumors Cranial Nerve Disorders Trigeminal Neuralgia Nursing Management: Trigeminal Neuralgia Bell’s Palsy Nursing Management: Bell’s Palsy Polyneuropathies Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy Tetanus Botulism 61. Assessment: Musculoskeletal System Conceptual Focus Structures and Functions of Musculoskeletal System Assessment of Musculoskeletal System Diagnostic Studies of Musculoskeletal System 62. Musculoskeletal Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery Conceptual Focus Health Promotion Soft Tissue Injuries Sprains and Strains Nursing Management: Sprains and Strains Dislocation and Subluxation Repetitive Strain Injury Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Rotator Cuff Injury Meniscus Injury Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Bursitis Fractures Nursing Management: Fractures Complications of Fractures Types of Fractures Humeral Shaft Fracture Pelvic Fracture Hip Fracture Nursing Management: Hip Fracture Femoral Shaft Fracture Tibial Fracture Stable Vertebral Fracture Facial Fracture Mandibular Fracture Nursing Management: Mandibular Fracture Amputation Nursing Management: Amputation Common Joint Surgical Procedures Types of Joint Surgeries Nursing and Interprofessional Management: Joint Surgery 63. Musculoskeletal Problems Conceptual Focus Osteomyelitis Nursing Management: Osteomyelitis Bone Tumors Benign Bone Tumors Malignant Bone Tumors Nursing Management: Bone Cancer Muscular Dystrophy Low Back Pain Acute Low Back Pain Nursing and Interprofessional Management: Acute Low Back Pain Chronic Low Back Pain Intervertebral Disc Disease Nursing Management: Vertebral Disc Surgery Neck Pain Foot Disorders Nursing Management: Foot Disorders Metabolic Bone Diseases Osteomalacia Osteoporosis Nursing and Interprofessional Management: Osteoporosis Paget’s Disease 64. Arthritis and Connective Tissue Diseases Conceptual Focus Arthritis Osteoarthritis Nursing Management: Osteoarthritis Rheumatoid Arthritis Nursing Management: Rheumatoid Arthritis Gout Interprofessional and Nursing Management: Gout Lyme Disease Septic Arthritis Spondyloarthropathies Ankylosing Spondylitis Psoriatic Arthritis Reactive Arthritis Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Nursing Management: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Scleroderma Nursing Management: Scleroderma Polymyositis and Dermatomyositis Interprofessional and Nursing Care Mixed Connective Tissue Disease Sjögren’s Syndrome Myofascial Pain Syndrome Fibromyalgia Systemic Exertion Intolerance Disease (SEID) Section Thirteen. Care in Specialized Settings 65. Critical Care Conceptual Focus Critical Care Nursing Hemodynamic Monitoring Nursing Management: Hemodynamic Monitoring Circulatory Assist Devices Nursing and Interprofessional Management: Circulatory Assist Devices Noninvasive Ventilation Artificial Airways Nursing and Interprofessional Management: Artificial Airway Mechanical Ventilation Other Critical Care Content 66. Shock, Sepsis, and Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome Conceptual Focus Shock Nursing Management: Shock Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome and Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome Nursing and Interprofessional Management: Sirs and Mods 67. Acute Respiratory Failure and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Conceptual Focus Acute Respiratory Failure Nursing and Interprofessional Management: Acute Respiratory Failure Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Nursing and Interprofessional Management: ARDS 68. Emergency and Disaster Nursing Conceptual Focus Care of Emergency Patient Environmental Emergencies Heat-Related Emergencies Cold-Related Emergencies Submersion Injuries Stings and Bites Poisonings Violence Agents of Terrorism Penetrating Trauma Emergency and Mass Casualty Incident Preparedness Appendixes Appendix A. Basic Life Support for Health Care Providers Appendix B. Nursing Diagnoses Appendix C. Laboratory Reference Intervals Index IBC